SHUGA WAMAGAZI KWA AMUNA: TEBULO LA ZAKA - KUWONGOLERA MATENDA A SHUGA

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Udindo wa shuga mthupi la munthu

Mukayerekezera thupi ndi mota, ndiye kuti shuga ndi mafuta.

Shuga

- Ili ndi dzina lodziwika bwino la mitundu yonse yazakudya zilizonse, zophatikiza zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi maselo amoyo ngati mphamvu.

Timadya zakudya zamagulu osiyanasiyana, zomwe amagawika m'magulu atatu:

monosaccharideskomwe glucose ndi yake - gwero lalikulu la mphamvu pazinthu zamagetsi;
zotulutsa - shuga yoyera, yomwe timakonda kuwonjezera chakudya;
polysaccharides - zopatsa mphamvu zovuta zopangidwa ndi monosaccharides, koma osati zotsekemera (wowuma, ufa).

Koma m'matumbo athu am'mimba, mafuta onse amawonongeka m'misempha yosavuta - "monosaccharides",, omwe amamwetsedwa kudzera khoma lamatumbo kulowa m'magazi ndipo chiwindi chimasinthidwa kukhala glucose, yomwe imagawidwa m'magazi ndi gawo lililonse la magazi.

Kufunika kwa thupi la munthu ndi shuga ndi magalamu 50-60 patsiku ngati atakhala ndi moyo wopanda ntchito.

Chiwindi chimapanga glucose ochulukirapo ku glycogen ("nyama" polysaccharide). 2/3 yama glycogen ogulitsa ali mu minyewa ya chiwindi, 1/3 imayikidwa mu minofu minofu. Kenako nkhokwezi zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito pakupuma pakati pa chakudya pomwe glucose yatha. Kuphatikizika kosalekeza ndi kuwonongeka kwa glycogen kumakhalabe ndi shuga m'magazi.

Insulin, timadzi tokhala ndi mapuloteni opangidwa ndi kapamba, amalola glucose kulowa m'maselo a minyewa. Ma mamolekyulu am'magazi amagwira ntchito pamapangidwe a glucose mayendedwe ndi mapuloteni "oyendetsa" mapuloteni, omwe amakhala pamwamba pa michere ya minofu ndi maselo amafuta. Kukondoweza kwa kayendedwe ka glucose m'maselo kumapangitsa zomwe zili m'magazi kuti zitsike. Kupanga kwa mahomoni m'thupi lathanzi kumadalira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Kudalira kwa kupanga kwa serotonin ("zabwino neurotransmitter") pakuwonjezeka kwa shuga kunawululidwa. Kusangalala pakudya maswiti ndi njira yachilendo.

Miyezo ya shuga yamagazi mwa amuna

Shuga wabwinobwino

(kapena m'malo mwake glucose) m'magazi a munthu wathanzi (onse amuna ndi akazi) ndi 3,3-5.6 mmol / L.

Zotsatira zodalirika za kuchuluka kwa shuga zimatha kupezeka ndikudutsa magazi kuchokera chala kapena kuchokera mu mtsempha kuti muwunike. Zinthu ziwiri zoyambirira:

- muyenera kuwunika m'mawa, mutapuma nthawi yayitali;
- Osamadya maola 8-10 musanachitike njirayi.

Muli mkhalidwe uwu kuti kuchuluka kwa shuga kumakhala koyenera. Pankhaniyi, kusanthula kwa magazi a venous kungawonetse zotsatira zapamwamba, koma sizingasiyane kwambiri ndi zofunikira (4.0-6.1 mmol / l). Omasuliridwa kukhala mphamvu yotsika ya metric: 1 mmol / l = 0.0555 * mg / 100 ml.

Pambuyo pa tsiku lalitali logwira ntchito komanso kudya kwakanthawi, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumawonjezeka kwambiri. Zikondamoyo zimayamba kutulutsa insulini yambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti shuga azilowa maselo pofika nthawi 20-50, zimayambitsa kuphatikiza mapuloteni, kukula kwa minofu ndi kagayidwe kazachilengedwe. Ndipo shuga wamagazi "imagwera pansi pazachilendo", makamaka mutagwira ntchito zolimbitsa thupi. Amadziwika kuti thupi lotopa limakhala pachiwopsezo kwambiri kwakanthawi chifukwa cha matenda, matenda ndi kuledzera.

Kusakhazikika kwa glucose kumakhudza bwino thupi laimuna. Munthu wodwala matenda ashuga amatha kukomoka. Chomwe chimapangitsa kuti munthu akhale "wopanda shuga" wachimuna ndichofunikira chachikulu cha minofu yazakudya. Pafupifupi, bambo amathera mphamvu zochulukirapo 15 mpaka 20% kuposa mzimayi pochita zolimbitsa thupi chifukwa cha minofu yake.

Mitundu ya kusokonekera kwa shuga m'thupi

Hypoglycemia	Hyperglycemia
Zomwe zimayambitsa hypoglycemia zimatha kukhala matenda a kapamba, omwe amayamba kupanga kuchuluka kwambiri kwa insulin. Matenda a chiwindi, impso, hypothalamus amakhudzanso kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.	Vutoli limachitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa insulin, yomwe imaleka kupangidwa ndi kapamba, kapena kuphwanya mgwirizano wa mahomoni ndi maselo omwe amadya glucose. Kuchuluka kwa shuga kumawonetsa kuti maselo mthupi ayamba kufa ndi njala. Tatha kusungitsa ndalama za glycogen, zomwe zimakwanira kwa maola 12-18, maselo amachepetsa njira zamkati, acidosis ndi kuledzera zimawonekera.
Glucose pansi pa 3.0 mmol / L	Mlingo wa glucose ndiwoposa 7.0 mmol / L.
Zizindikiro za kusowa kwa shuga (hypoglycemia): kufooka, kutopa; kukoka kwamtima; mgwirizano wolakwika, kunjenjemera kwa miyendo; kusokonezeka kwa malingaliro; kulephera kudziwa.	Zizindikiro zakukula kwamapikisoni: ludzu losalekeza; kukodza pafupipafupi (kuchuluka kwa shuga mkodzo); khungu louma ndi mucous nembanemba; kusanza ndi kusanza kubweza; njira zotupa; kuwonongeka kwamaso (kumabweretsa khungu); zotupa za zotumphukira mantha dongosolo (kugwedeza, dzanzi, moto); kulephera kudziwa.

Masewera ovuta kwambiri a hyperglycemia, chikomokere chimachitika, chopita ku imfa. Zizindikirozi ndizomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga. Mosasamala mtundu wa matenda, wodwalayo amakhala ndi zofanana.

Kwa abambo, shuga imayambitsa kugona mthupi. 50% ya odwala matenda ashuga amuna amakhala ndi vuto la kusokonezeka lomwe limadza chifukwa cha zovuta zamanjenje. "Vuto la amuna" limathetsedwa panthawi yonse ya matenda a shuga. Ndi matenda a shuga m'thupi, zovuta zimatha.

Kodi tiyenera kuchitanji ndi shuga ochulukirapo?

Kuti mudziteteze ku zovuta za shuga, muyenera kuchita “mayeso” a shuga nthawi zonse, ndipo ngati muli ndi kupatuka kwakukulu, yambani kulandira chithandizo. Malangizo okhudza kutulutsa shuga m'magazi amayamba ndi: