Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba amakhala ndikuwunika zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi azikhala ndi shuga. Kuphatikiza pa chithandizo chamankhwala, insulin ikalowetsedwa m'thupi la wodwalayo, gawo lofunikira pakuwongolera matenda ndilofunikira m'thupi.
Kuphatikiza pakuwonetsa zilembo za shuga, kudya zakudya zamtundu 1 ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 kungalepheretse kukula kwa hypoglycemia (kuchepa kwadzidzidzi m'magazi a magazi). Zakudya zotere sizitanthauza kufa ndi njala, zimakhazikitsidwa pakugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zamafuta ochepa omwe amakhala ndi michere yambiri komanso mavitamini.
Kuphatikiza apo chithandizo chamankhwala ochiritsira matenda a shuga 1 amakuthandizani kuti muchepetse matenda komanso kuti musamamwe jakisoni, mumafunikanso kuti muchepetse kunenepa. Izi ndizofunikira kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga a 2, nthawi zambiri onenepa.
Chifukwa chiyani zakudya ndizofunikira?
Zakudya za odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 sapereka zakudya zazikulu, kupatula shuga ndi zinthu zomwe zili. Koma polemba mndandanda, ndikofunikira kulingalira za kupezeka kwa matenda olimba ndi kuchuluka kwa zochita zolimbitsa thupi.
Komabe, ndichifukwa chiyani odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kutsatira malamulo ena azakudya ndikudya zakudya za anthu ashuga? Asanadye chilichonse, odwala amafunika kubaya insulin. Kuperewera kwa mahomoni kapena kuchuluka kwake mthupi kumapangitsa kuti thupi likhale loipa komanso limapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta.
Zotsatira zakuchepa kwa kayendetsedwe ka matenda ndi hyperglycemia ndi hypoglycemia. Mkhalidwe woyamba umachitika pamene insulini ilibe nthawi yopangira chakudya chamthupi ndi kuwonongeka kwa mafuta ndi mapuloteni kumachitika, chifukwa chomwe ma ketoni amapangidwa. Ndikakhala ndi shuga wambiri, wodwala amakhala ndi zizindikiro zingapo zosasangalatsa (arrhythmia, kuchepa mphamvu, kupweteka kwa m'maso, nseru, kuthamanga kwa magazi), ndipo pokhapokha pakufunika kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu, akhoza kuyamba kudwala.
Ndi hypoglycemia (kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa glucose), matupi a ketone amapangidwanso m'thupi, omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa insulin, kufa ndi njala, kuchita zolimbitsa thupi komanso kuchepa thupi. Vutoli limadziwika ndi kuzizira, kufooka, chizungulire, khungu la khungu.
Ndi hypoglycemia yayikulu, kugonekedwa kuchipatala kwa wodwalayo ndikofunikira, popeza akhoza kugwa ndikumwalira.
Kodi kufunikira kwa chakudya chamagulu ndi chakudya chamagulu a odwala matenda ashuga ndi kotani?
Zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku za matenda amtundu uliwonse ziyenera kukhala ndi mapuloteni, mafuta (20-25%) ndi chakudya chamagulu (mpaka 60%). Kuti shuga m'magazi asamuke, akatswiri azakudya salimbikitsa kudya zakudya zokazinga, zokometsera komanso zamafuta. Lamuloli ndilofunika makamaka kwa odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi matenda am'mimba.
Koma Kafukufuku patsiku la matenda ashuga adawonetsa kuti zonunkhira zochepa ndi mafuta amaloledwa kwa hyperglycemia. Koma zopatsa mphamvu zam'thupi sizitha kudya ndi shuga. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti zakudya zamafuta ndi za mtundu uti zomwe amagawidwa.
M'malo mwake, chakudya chopatsa thanzi ndi shuga. Mtundu wake umasiyanitsidwa ndi kuthamanga kwa kugaya thupi ndi thupi. Pali mitundu yamankhwala yotere:
- Pang'onopang'ono. Amakonzedwa m'thupi m'mphindi 40-60, popanda kusinthasintha mwadzidzidzi komanso mwamphamvu mu glucose m'magazi. Muli zipatso, masamba, chimanga ndi zakudya zina zomwe zimakhala ndi fiber, pectin ndi wowuma.
- Zing'ambike mosavuta. Amatengedwa ndi thupi m'mphindi 5-25, chifukwa chomwe kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kumakwera msanga. Amapezeka m'mazipatso okoma, shuga, uchi, mowa, zakudya ndi mafuta ophikira.
Zosafunikira kwenikweni pakupanga mndandanda wa odwala matenda ashuga kuwerengera kwamitundu yamafuta, ndikukulolani kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu omwe ali m'zinthu zina. XE imodzi ndi magalamu 12 a shuga kapena 25 magalamu a mikate yoyera. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amatha kudya mikate 2.5 ya mkate patsiku.
Kuti mumvetsetse bwino momwe mungakhalire kudya ndi matenda a shuga a 1, ndikofunikira kuganizira zovuta za insulin, chifukwa zimatengera nthawi ya tsiku. Kuchuluka kwa mahomoni opangira glucose omwe amapezeka 1 XE m'mawa ndi - 2, pakudya nkhomaliro - 1.5, madzulo - 1. Kuti mupewe kuwerengera XE, patebulo lapadera limagwiritsidwa ntchito, lomwe limawonetsa magawo a mkate wazinthu zambiri.
Zinthu zothandiza komanso zovulaza kwa odwala matenda ashuga
Kuchokera pazomwe tafotokozazi, zikuwonekeratu kuti mungathe kudya ndi kumwa kwa iwo omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Zakudya zovomerezeka ndizakudya zama carb ochepa, zomwe zimaphatikizapo tirigu, mkate wa rye komanso kuwonjezera kwa chinangwa, phala (buckwheat, oatmeal), pasitala yapamwamba kwambiri.
Ndizopindulitsa kwa odwala matenda ashuga kudya nyemba, sopo wowonda kapena msuzi ndi mazira, koma kamodzi patsiku. Zopangidwazo ndi mkaka wopanda mafuta, kefir, tchizi chokoleti, tchizi, wowawasa wowawasa, komwe tchizi chokoma, tchalitchi cha casseroles ndi kanyumba tchizi chimakonzedwa.
Ndipo ndi zakudya ziti zomwe odwala matenda ashuga angadye kuti akhale osalala? Mndandanda wa zakudya zotere umayendetsedwa ndi masamba (kaloti, kabichi, beets, dzungu, tsabola belu, biringanya, nkhaka, zukini, tomato) ndi masamba. Mbatata zimatha kudyedwa, koma pang'ono m'mawa.
Zakudya zina zomwe zimalimbikitsidwa za mtundu wa 1 odwala matenda ashuga ndi zipatso ndi zipatso:
- zipatso zamtchire;
- quince;
- lingonberry;
- chivwende;
- phulusa la kumapiri;
- maapulo
- rasipiberi;
- zipatso za malalanje;
- Cranberries
- Cherry
- othandizira;
- pichesi;
- makangaza;
- maula.
Chinanso chomwe mungadye ndi shuga? Zakudya zololedwa zomwe zimayenera kuphatikizidwa m'zakudya ndizopanda nsomba (pike perch, hake, tuna, cod) ndi nyama (nkhuku, ng'ombe, nkhuku, kalulu).
Zakudya zotsekemera za confectionery zimaloledwa kudya, koma zochepa komanso ndi zina zamafuta. Mafuta amaloledwa - masamba ndi batala, koma mpaka 10 g patsiku.
Ndi matenda a shuga, mumatha kumwa zitsamba, zakuda, tiyi wobiriwira komanso khofi wopanda shuga. Madzi osagwiritsa ntchito kaboni yamchere, madzi a phwetekere, msuzi wa rosehip akulimbikitsidwa. Madzi kapena ma compotes ochokera ku zipatso zouma ndi zipatso amaloledwa.
Ndipo odwala matenda ashuga sangadye chiyani? Ndi matendawa, ndizoletsedwa kudya confectionery ndi makeke. Odwala omwe amadalira insulin samadya shuga, uchi ndi maswiti omwe ali nawo (kupanikizana, ayisikilimu, maswiti, chokoleti, mipiringidzo ya maswiti).
Nyama yamafuta (mwanawankhosa, nkhumba, tsekwe, bakha), nyama zosuta, nsomba zakumwa ndi zamchere - izi sizoyenera kuthandizidwa chifukwa cha matenda ashuga. Zakudya siziyenera kukazinga ndi mafuta, chifukwa mafuta amanyama, yogati, wowawasa wowawasa, mkaka wophika, mafuta anyama, mafuta anyama komanso msuzi wolemera ayenera kusiyidwa.
Kodi ndi chiyani chomwe sichingadyedwe ndi anthu omwe amadalira insulin ambiri? Zakudya zina zoletsedwa za shuga:
- zokhwasula-khwasula
- mpunga, semolina, pasitala wotsika kwambiri;
- zonunkhira;
- kuteteza;
- zipatso zokoma ndi zipatso zouma (nthochi, mphesa, nkhuyu, madeti, Persimmons).
Koma sikuti zakudya zapamwambazi ndi zoletsedwa. Zakudya zina zamtundu woyamba wa shuga zimaphatikizapo kukana mowa, makamaka zakumwa zoledzeretsa, zakumwa zoledzeretsa ndi zakumwa.
Malamulo azakudya ndi mndandanda wazitsanzo
Zakudya za matenda amtundu 1 sikungodya zakudya zovomerezeka zokha. Ndikofunikanso kutsatira mosamalitsa chakudyacho.
Payenera kukhala zosakudya zisanu ndi chimodzi patsiku. Kuchuluka kwa chakudya - magawo ang'onoang'ono.
Zomaliza snack ndizotheka osati pasanafike 8 pm. Zakudya siziyenera kudumphidwa, chifukwa izi zimatha kudzetsa hypoglycemia, makamaka ngati wodwala wavulala ndi insulin.
M'mawa uliwonse muyenera kuyeza shuga. Ngati zakudya zamankhwala zamatenda a matenda a shuga 1 zimapangidwa molondola ndipo malingaliro onse amatsatiridwa, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a sutra musanafike jakisoni wa insulin sikuyenera kupitirira 6 mmol / L.
Ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga ndikwabwinobwino, chakudya cham'mawa chimavomerezedwa pambuyo pa mphindi 10 mpaka 10 Momwe ma glucose amayambira 8-10 mmol / l, chakudya chimasinthidwa kwa ola limodzi, kuti akwaniritse njala amagwiritsa ntchito saladi ndi masamba kapena apulo.
Ndi matenda a mtundu woyamba 1, ndikofunikira kuti musangotsatira zakudya zokha, koma potengera zakudya, sinthani insulin. Kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta kumakhudza kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa omwe amaperekedwa.
Ngati insulin yapakatikati imagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndiye kuti imabayidwa kawiri patsiku (mutadzuka, musanagone). Ndi mankhwala a insulin amtunduwu, chakudya cham'mawa choyamba chimawonetsedwa, chifukwa mahomoni omwe amaperekedwa usiku amatha tsopano kugwira ntchito.
Maola 4 atatha jakisoni m'mawa amaloledwa kudya zolimba. Mgonero woyamba uyeneranso kukhala wopepuka, ndipo mutatha jakisoni wa mankhwalawa mutha kudya kwambiri.
Ngati mtundu wa mahomoni monga insulin wautali, womwe umalowetsedwa m'thupi kamodzi patsiku, umagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti insulini yachangu iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito tsiku lonse. Pogwiritsa ntchito njira iyi ya insulin, chakudya chachikulu chimakhala chopanda, ndipo zokhwasula-khwasula zingakhale zopepuka, kotero wodwalayo samva njala.
Chofunikanso kwambiri pakachulukidwe ka mishuga ya shuga ndi masewera. Chifukwa chake, kuwonjezera pa mankhwala a insulin komanso zakudya, kwa matenda 1 a shuga, muyenera kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena kuyenda pansi kwa mphindi 30 patsiku.
Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1, zakudya za tsiku limodzi zimawoneka motere:
- Chakudya cham'mawa. Porridge, tiyi wokhala ndi shuga wogwirizira, mkate.
- Chakudya chamadzulo Ma cookie a Galetny kapena apulosi wobiriwira.
- Chakudya chamadzulo Msuzi wamasamba, buledi, kabichi wodutsa, msuzi, cutlet yonyowa.
- Chakudya chamadzulo. Zipatso zonona, tiyi wa zitsamba wosakhazikika tchizi.
- Chakudya chamadzulo Nyama yophika kapena nsomba, masamba.
- Chakudya chachiwiri. Galasi la kefir.
Komanso, kwa odwala matenda ashuga a 1 zovuta, kuchepetsa kudya kwakanenepa No. 9 Malinga ndi malamulo ake, zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku zimawoneka motere: mkaka wamafuta ochepa, tchizi cha tchizi ndi tiyi wopanda shuga. Musanadye, mungamwe kapu yamadzi oyera ndi mandimu.
Chakudya cham'mawa, phala la barele ndi kalulu, ng'ombe kapena nkhuku zimatumizidwa. Pa nkhomaliro, mumatha kudya masamba a borsch, nyama yophika, soya kapena zipatso ndi mabulosi odzola.
Malalanje kapena apulo ndi oyenera ngati akudya. Chakudya chamadzulo chabwino chimakhala nsomba yophika, saladi wokhala ndi kabichi ndi kaloti wokazinga ndi mafuta a azitona. Kawiri pa tsiku mumatha kumwa zakumwa ndi kudya zotsekemera ndi zotsekemera (sucrose, fructose).
Pogwiritsa ntchito mndandanda wazinthu zololedwa, wodwala matenda ashuga amatha kupanga menyu sabata limodzi. Koma ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti mukamatsata zakudya simungamwe mowa komanso zakumwa za shuga.
Zolemba za chakudya cha ana
Ngati matenda ashuga apezeka mwa mwana, ndiye kuti zakudya zake ziyenera kusintha. Madokotala amalimbikitsa kuti asinthe kukhala ndi chakudya chamagulu, komwe kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamthupi sikupitirira 60%. Njira yabwino yothandizira pakudya pa matenda a shuga 1 amtundu wa ana ndi kudya No. 9.
Ma sweets a ana omwe amapezeka pafupipafupi monga chokoleti, kusunga, masikono, maswiti, makeke ndi makeke a mwana yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amaletsedwa. Kwa matenda amtundu woyamba wa shuga, mumakhala zakudya zopangira ana tsiku lililonse, kuphatikizapo zakudya zamasamba (kaloti, nkhaka, kabichi, tomato), nyama yopanda (nkhuku, venal), nsomba (cod, tuna, hake, pollock),
Za zipatso ndi zipatso, tikulimbikitsidwa kudyetsa mwana ndi maapulo, mapichesi, sitiroberi, rasipiberi, yamatcheri. Ndipo pokonzekera zakudya za ana, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zotsekemera (sorbitol, fructose),
Koma musanasinthe mwana wanu kukhala ndi zakudya zamafuta ochepa, muyenera kusintha glycemia. Tiyeneranso kuteteza ana kuti asamatopetse kwambiri komanso kuti asakhale ndi nkhawa. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti zochitika zamasewera ziziphatikizidwanso mu ndandanda ya tsiku ndi tsiku pamene wodwala azolowere zakudya zatsopano.
Ndipo zakudya ziyenera kukhala chiyani mukamathandizira ana amtundu wa shuga 1? Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mwana adyetsedwe mkaka wa m'mawere osachepera chaka choyamba cha moyo. Ngati mkaka wa m`mawere sizingatheke pazifukwa zina, zosakaniza ndi shuga wochepa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Ndikofunikanso kutsatira njira yodyetsera. Ana osakwana chaka chimodzi amapatsidwa zakudya zowonjezera malinga ndi dongosolo linalake. Poyamba, menyu ake amakhala ndi timadziti ndi masamba osenda. Ndipo amayesa kuphatikiza chimanga m'zakudya zam'mimba za shuga pambuyo pake.
Mfundo za kapezedwe ka zakudya za matenda am'mimba 1 zafotokozedwa mu kanema m'nkhaniyi.
