Chigawo cha cholesterol cha SNP chatsitsidwa kapena kuchuluka: izi zikutanthauza chiyani?

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Cholesterol ndi chinthu chonga mafuta chomwe chimagwira ntchito zingapo mthupi la munthu. Amatenga nawo mbali popanga ziwalo za ma cell a zimakhala ndi ziwalo. Cholesterol imakhudzidwa ndikupanga mahomoni osiyanasiyana omwe amachititsa kuti thupi likhale lolimba, magwiridwe antchito amtundu wa kubereka. Kuphatikiza apo, amatenga nawo gawo pazakudya zamafuta zomwe zili mu bile ndikuthandizira kuyamwa kwamafuta.

Cholesterol imayenda kudutsa thupi la munthu m'njira ina yapadera yopangidwa ndi ma apolipoproteins. Mavuto omwe amaphatikizidwa, omwe amaphatikiza ma apolipoproteins ndi cholesterol, amatchedwa lipoprotein. M'magazi a anthu, mumapezeka mitundu ingapo. Amasiyana muyezo wa zigawo zomwe zili momwemo:

  1. Lowens Density Lipoproteins (VLDL);
  2. Lacensity lipoproteins (LDL, LDL);
  3. High Density Lipoproteins (HDL).

Gawo la cholesterol la SNP - ndi chiyani, ndi mbali zake ndi ntchito zake? VLDL cholesterol ndi mitundu yamtopola kwambiri. Pankhani ya kuphatikiza kochulukirapo, madipozidwe ophatikizidwa amawonekera pazitseko za chotengera, zomwe zimachepetsa kuwunikira kwa mayendedwe awo, potero zikusokoneza kayendedwe kazinthu zamagazi. Komanso, chifukwa cha izi, ziwiya zimataya mphamvu zawo zakale, zomwe zimakhudza ntchito yamtima.

Cholesterol yotsika kwambiri ndi chimodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri zamatenda a lipid. Mukazindikira kuchuluka kwa seramu yayikulu ya SNP cholesterol, titha kulankhula za chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha matenda a mtima ndi matenda a mtima.

Ma lipoproteins otsika kwambiri ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta 30 - 80 nm. Ndiwocheperako kuposa ma chylomicrons, koma okulirapo kuposa ma lipoprotein ena. Mapangidwe a VLDL akudutsa m'chiwindi. Gawo laling'ono la iwo limalowa m'magazi kuchokera m'matumbo. Udindo wawo waukulu ndikuwongolera ma triglycerides m'thupi lonse mpaka ziwalo ndi ziwalo. Kuphatikiza apo, ma VLDL ndiwotsogola kwa otsika osalimba a lipoprotein.

Pakadali pano pali umboni wina wosonyeza kuti kukula kwa atherosulinosis kumachitika mwachangu pamaso pa kuchuluka kwa VLDL mu matenda ashuga ndi matenda a impso.

Kuwunika kwakukulu komwe muyenera kutenga kwa anthu omwe ali ndi cholesterol yayikulu ndi mbiri ya lipid. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti zizichitika kwa munthu aliyense yemwe wafika zaka 20 osachepera 1 zaka zisanu. Cholinga cha kuwunika kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa VLDL ndikuwunika kuopsa kwa matenda a atherosulinosis kapena matenda ena a mtima.

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mupende magawo a SNP cholesterol pazochitika zotsatirazi:

  • Ngati ndi kotheka, werengetsani kusintha kwa atherogenic;
  • Mukamayendetsa njira zodziwira matenda kuti mupeze zovuta za metabolism yamafuta;
  • Kuyesa kuopsa kwa matenda amitsempha yamagazi;
  • Pofuna kuthana ndi mphamvu ya chakudya chopanda cholesterol;
  • Kuwunika zotsatira za mankhwalawa zomwe zimapangitsa kuti muchepetse cholesterol ndi mankhwala.

Zomwe zimayenera kuphunziridwa ndi seramu yamagazi. Pokonzekera mayeserowo, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizidya chakudya pasanadutse maola 12-14 musanachitike njirayi.

Chitani kafukufuku m'mawa.

Chifukwa choti mafuta amakhala ndi kachulukidwe kochepera kuposa madzi, popenda kuchuluka kwa lipids mu plasma, ndikofunikira kuzindikira kupyola kwawo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake njira yofotokozera zotsatira za kusanthula ikuchokera pakukonzekera kwa ma lipoprotein pamagawo. Pankhaniyi, zatsimikizika:

  1. Mlingo wa lipoprotein m'chigawo chilichonse;
  2. Chiwerengero chawo chonse;
  3. Kukhalapo kwa triglycerides.

Ndizovuta kutanthauzira zotsatira za kuwunikaku. Izi ndichifukwa choti, m'malo azachipatala, palibe magawo omwe amapangidwa bwino kuti athe kukhazikika pamatumbo. Amadziwika kuti kuchuluka kwa VLDL m'magazi, komanso LDL, kumatanthauza kukhalapo kwa mafuta operewera metabolism m'thupi la munthu.

Zambiri mwa ma lipids izi ziyenera kupezeka m'thupi la munthu. Ma lipoprotein otsika kwambiri ndi njira yokhala ndi lipoprotein, motero, zolandilira zomwe zimayang'aniridwa sizipangidwe mwa thupi la munthu. Pakuwongolera, madotolo amatenga zofunikira pazomwe zili ndi VLDL mu plasma ya anthu kuyambira 0.26 mpaka 1.04 mmol / l kuphatikiza. Zizindikiro zonse zomwe zimakhala zapamwamba kapena zotsika zimawonetsa njira zotithandizira momwe zimalimbikitsidwira kufunsa dokotala nthawi yomweyo kuti akuuzeni upangiri.

Pofotokoza zotsatira za mayesowo, dotolo sangadziwike pokhapokha pazomwe zapezedwa. Kuzindikira koyenera kumatheka kokha pogwiritsa ntchito zotsatira za kuwunika kokwanira - mbiri ya zamankhwala, zotsatira za mayeso ena.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti kusintha mulingo wa LDLP ndikotheka nthawi ndi nthawi. Njirayi ndikusinthasintha kwachilengedwe mu metabolism ya cholesterol. Ndikusanthula kamodzi kwa VLDL, simungathe kuwona zenizeni zenizeni zenizeni za kagayidwe ka mafuta.

Ngati mukukayikira kuperewera kwamafuta mafuta, tikulimbikitsidwa kubwereza kusanthula pambuyo pa miyezi 2-3.

Ndi kuchuluka kwa VLDL, titha kulankhula za kukhalapo kwa ma pathologies m'boma la zotengera. VLDL ndi magwero a cholesterol "yoyipa", yomwe imayambitsa kupangika, kuchepa kwa elasticity, kuonjezera kusokonekera kwa mitsempha yamagazi. M'malo omwe zimapezeka zoterezi, ma cell am'magazi amateteza kwambiri VLDL, kudziunjikira cholesterol.

Chifukwa cha njirayi, maselo oteteza magazi m'magawo ambiri amadziunjikira m'malo owonongeka a mtima ndikusintha kukhala magawo, omwe pambuyo pake amasinthidwa kukhala cholesterol plaques. Zotsirizika, kuchepetsa kuunikira kwa ngalande yamitsempha, kumapangitsa kusuntha kwa magazi m'malo osiyanasiyana a thupi, zomwe zimabweretsa zotsatira zowopsa komanso zoyipa.

Chiwopsezo cha cholesterol plaques chagona kuti patapita nthawi amatha kuonjezera kukula, ndikupanga magazi. Chovala chamagazi chimatha nthawi iliyonse kutuluka m'chiwiya ndikupita m'magazi kupita ziwalo zina. Izi zimachitika mpaka chimbudzi cha chotengera chilichonse chili chaching'ono kwambiri kuti chovala magazi. Njira imeneyi imatchedwa kuti vascular thrombosis ndipo ndi ngozi yoopsa kwa anthu. Zotsatira zofala kwambiri za kusunthika kwamagazi m'mitsempha ndizovuta zam'mutu, mtima, pulmonary embolism.

Pali umboni kuti milingo yokwezeka ya VLDL imatha kupangitsa kuti mchenga ndi miyala ikhale ndulu.

Kuchulukitsidwa kwa kuchuluka kwambiri kwa milomo ya lipoproteins kumakhala kovuta chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa thupi la mavuto monga:

  • Matenda a shuga a mellitus, omwe ali a systemic metabolic disorder;
  • Kufooka kwa magwiridwe antchito a chithokomiro England kapena pituitary gland. Zotsatira zake ndi kuphwanya maziko a mahomoni ndi njira zina za kagayidwe kachakudya;
  • Nephrotic syndrome. Amayamba motsutsana ndi maziko a kutupa kwa impso;
  • Zimakhudza njira yochotsa zinthu zina mthupi, kwinaku ndikuchepetsa kagayidwe;
  • Zakumwa zoledzeretsa ndi kunenepa kwambiri zimakhudza njira za metabolic mthupi la munthu;
  • Matenda a kapamba, womwe ndi njira ya kapamba, womwe umatha kupezeka mu mitundu yayitali komanso yovuta.

Nthawi zina, kuwonjezeka kwaposachedwa kwambiri kwa lipoproteins kumatha kuthandizidwa ndi odwala omwe ali ndi vuto loopsa mu kapamba kapena prostate. Kuphatikiza apo, ma genetic ena ndi kubereka kwawoko kumapangitsanso kuwonjezeka kwa LDL.

Mankhwala okwera a VLDL okwera akapezeka, odwala amapezeka ndi hyperlipidemia yoyamba ya 3, 4 kapena 5. Pamaso pa kukwezedwa kwa lipoprotein wokhazikika kwambiri mwa wodwala, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha matenda ena, amalankhula za hyperlipidemia yachiwiri.

Zinthu zotsatirazi zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwama lipoprotein ochepa kwambiri ndikuwongolera zotsatira za mayeso a labotale:

  1. Kugwirizana ndi zakudya zamafuta ochepa;
  2. Kumwa mankhwala ena, omwe amaphatikizapo ma statins, mankhwala antifungal, ndi ena ambiri;
  3. Kukhala nthawi yayitali;
  4. Kulimbitsa thupi.

Muzochitika zomwe zowunikira zikuwonetsa mtengo wotsika wamagawo a SNP cholesterol, palibe kusokonezeka kwakukulu kwa metabolic komwe kumawonedwa.

Kodi zikutanthauza chiyani ngati kachigawo ka SNP cholesterol katsitsidwa?

Zotsatira zoterezi sizimakhudza matendawa ndipo nthawi zina zimawonedwa mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda otsatirawa:

  • Zosintha mu zopinga za minyewa ya m'mapapo;
  • The kukhalapo kwa matenda pachimake kapena matenda ena amapezeka mu pachimake mawonekedwe;
  • Khansa ya m'mafupa;
  • Kuchulukitsa kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro;
  • Kukhalapo kwa kuchepa kwa vitamini ndi B12 kapena folic acid;
  • Matenda osiyanasiyana a chiwindi;
  • Kuchulukitsa kangapo;
  • Njira zotupa m'malumikizidwe.

Ngati kafukufuku wazomwe akuwonetsa kuti munthuyo ali ndi cholesterol yotsika, koma mulid wa lipid sakukwiya, ndipo mulingo wa LDL ndi wabwinobwino, palibe chifukwa chosinthira. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa chithandizo chamankhwala mwanjira zotere sikofunikira. Komabe, kuyesedwa ndi akatswiri akatswiri ndikofunikira. Nthawi zina, ndi omwe amathandizira kuzindikira matenda ena omwe amachititsa kuti anthu asamachepe kwambiri azikhala ochepa kwambiri.

Nthawi zina kuchepetsedwa kwa milingo yochepa kwambiri kumathandiza kuzindikira munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda monga hypocholesterolemia. Ndibadwa mwachilengedwe, koma mawonekedwe omwe amapezeka pakadali pano sakudziwikiratu. Odwala omwe ali ndi cholowa cha hypocholesterolemia nthawi zambiri amadwala matenda a mtima. Nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mawonekedwe a xanthomas - madongosolo a lipoprotein mu mawonekedwe a zophuka ndi zolembera pakhungu ndi tendons.

Kuchulukitsa kapena kuchepetsa milingo ya milomo yochepetsetsa kwambiri kumatheka pokhapokha kuyang'aniridwa ndi akatswiri. Mwa izi, njira zosiyanasiyana zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe, pogwiritsa ntchito nthawi yake komanso moyenera, zimabweretsa zotsatira zabwino.

Pazigawo za cholesterol zomwe zafotokozedwa muvidiyoyi.

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