Malinga ndi ziwerengero za WHO, matenda ashuga ali m'malo achitatu akumwalira. Chiwerengero cha anthu odwala matenda a shuga chikukula chaka chilichonse.
Oposa 70% odwala ndi amayi. Mpaka pano, asayansi sangathe kupereka yankho lenileni la funso - chifukwa chiyani amayi akutenga matendawa?
Nthawi zambiri, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumasintha mzimayi akafika zaka 40, ukadzatha msinkhu uwu ndizofunikira kupereka magazi pachaka shuga pachaka. Ngati matendawa atsimikiziridwa, tsatirani malangizo a endocrinologist m'moyo wonse.
Kodi muyenera kukuchenjezani?
Zomwe zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi: shuga, kudya kwambiri, kupsinjika, kukhalapo kwa matenda opatsirana.
Mwazi wokwera shuga wotchedwa hyperglycemia.
Pali zizindikiro zina zomwe mutha kukayikira kuti kuchuluka kwa shuga kwakwera:
- kamwa yowuma ndi ludzu;
- Khungu;
- kukodza pafupipafupi;
- kuchuluka kwamikodzo mkodzo;
- kupezeka kukodza usiku;
- mutu ndi chizungulire;
- Kuchepetsa thupi;
- kufooka kwathunthu ndi kutopa;
- kuchepa kwa masomphenya;
- kuchiritsa kwa bala
- kupezeka kwa matenda opatsirana pafupipafupi.
Zizindikiro zotere ziyenera kuchenjeza komanso kuyambitsa kupita kwa dokotala. Kuzindikira kumachitika malinga ndi zotsatira za mayeso oyenera.
Kutsitsa shuga wamagazi kumatchedwa hypoglycemia.
Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino ndi izi:
- kupezeka kwa mutu;
- kukhalapo kwanjala nthawi zonse;
- Chizungulire
- kukoka kwamtima;
- thukuta
- misempha;
- kusokonekera;
- kusowa kwazinthu.
Kanema pazomwe zimayambitsa ndi zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga:
Kodi kusanthula kumaperekedwa bwanji?
Ndikofunikira kukonzekera bwino kusanthula. Kusanthula kumaperekedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu, ndipo maola osachepera asanu ndi atatu chakudya chikatha. Madzi nawonso sayenera kuphatikizidwa - mutha kumwa kapu yoyera yamadzi. Ngakhale kumwa tiyi wochepa wopanda mankhwala kumapereka zotsatira zosadalirika.
Pogwiritsa ntchito chakudya chopatsa mphamvu chama carbohydrate, osachepera maola 15 ayenera kudutsa kusanachitike.
Mukamawunikira zakale, zinthu zosiyanasiyana zimathandizira kudalirika, monga: kuwonjezera masewera olimbitsa thupi, kupsinjika, ndi malingaliro. Miyezo ya glucose imatha kuchepa chifukwa cha masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndipo kusanthula kwake sikungadalire.
Ngati chizindikirocho chikuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa matenda ashuga, kuwunikira kumachitika pamlingo wa glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), womwe umapereka chidziwitso chonse kwa miyezi itatu kapena inayi ndipo ndikulondola kwambiri. Anthu opitilira 40 amafunika kuyesedwa kamodzi pachaka. Anthu omwe ali ndi thupi lochulukirapo, azimayi oyembekezera, komanso omwe ali ndi abale ammagazi omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amalowa pachiwopsezo.
Kangati patsiku kuyeza shuga? Ngati munthu ali ndi matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti shuga ayenera kuyesedwa kangapo patsiku. Anthu omwe amadalira insulin amafunika kuyeza shuga pamaso pa jakisoni aliyense wa insulin.
Ngati wodwala akudwala matenda ashuga, pomwe akupsinjika ndi kupsinjika, ndiye kuti chizowunikiracho chiyenera kuyezedwa pafupipafupi. Glucometer imathandizira kwambiri moyo wa odwala matenda ashuga, chifukwa amachititsa kuti azitha kuyesa miyeso osachoka panyumba.
Magazi a shuga mwa nthawi zonse
Anthu ambiri amasamala za funso, kodi shuga ndi chiyani mwa anthu? Choyimira chimadalira mtundu wa magazi omwe amatengedwa kuti awunike. Ngati magazi a capillary ayesedwa, ndiye kuti chizizolowezi choyenera chizikhala mu 3.3 - 5.5 mmol / L. Mpanda wochokera mumtsempha uwonetsa ziwerengero zina, zomwe ndi 4-6.1 mmol / l. Mchitidwe wa shuga mukatha kudya suyenera kupitirira 7.7 mmol / L.
Ngati kuyezetsa magazi kwawonetsa kukhala ocheperako kuposa 4 ndiye kuti muyenera kufunsa ndi endocrinologist kuti mudziwe zomwe zimayambitsa.
Mndandanda wazisonyezo zamagulu abwinobwino mwa akazi mwa zaka:
| M'badwo | Mulingo wa shuga m'magazi, mmol / l. |
|---|---|
| wosakwana zaka 14 | 2,8 - 5,6 |
| kuyambira wazaka 14 mpaka 60 | 4,1 - 5,9 |
| kuyambira zaka 60 mpaka 90 | 4,6 - 6,4 |
| zaka zopitilira 90 | 4,2 - 6,7 |
Kukula kwa matenda ashuga kumatha kuwonetseredwa ndi zizindikiro zapamwamba kuposa zomwe zidaperekedwa pagome. Atalandira zoterezi, adotolo amafufuza mayeso owonjezera kuti atsimikizire kuti ali ndi matendawa. Pambuyo ptsimikiziro, chithandizo choyenera chimaperekedwa.
Zoyenera kuchita ndi shuga wamkulu?
Ngati shuga m'magazi ndiwokwera, muyenera kufunsa dokotala ndikupatsanso mayeso ena. Nthawi zina kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi sikuyambitsa zizindikiro zina - zimabisika.
Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa shuga, kuwunika zakudya ndi kusintha ndikofunikira. Chachikulu ndichakuti muchepetse chakudya chamafuta. Ngati ndinu wonenepa kwambiri, chakudya chizikhala chochepa kwambiri.
Pogwira ntchito bwino kwa chamoyo chonse, mapuloteni, mafuta ndi chakudya zimayenera kukhalapo mwa anthu. Ndikofunikira kupereka zokonda m'mbale zokhala ndi mavitamini ndi michere yambiri.
Chakudyacho chizikhala ndi zakudya zitatu komanso zakudya zingapo. Sizoletsedwa kudya zakudya zopanda pake, tchipisi, maswiti ndi koloko.
Ngati munthu ali ndi moyo wongokhala ndipo wonenepa kwambiri, ndiye kuti zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zochulukirapo ziyenera kukhalapo mukudya. Ndikofunikanso kukhazikitsa boma loyamwa ndikusunga madzi moyenera.
Osamadya zakudya zomwe zimayambitsa kukwera kwa shuga:
- shuga
- msuzi wokoma;
- confectionery ndi makeke;
- yokazinga, mafuta, osuta, osankhika;
- mowa
- mphesa, mbatata, nthochi;
- mafuta ambiri mkaka.
Zinthu zophikira, chithupsa, kuphika, mafuta. Mutha kumwa tiyi, mankhwala osakaniza azitsamba, khofi wokhala ndi shuga, madzi, compote.
Ndikofunika kutsatira zakudya zofunikira tsiku ndi tsiku, kuyang'anira shuga wamagazi nthawi zonse, kusunga diary. Ngati munthu akudalira insulin, musaiwale za jakisoni.
Zifukwa Zotsika
Hypoglycemia imakhala ndi chiopsezo ku moyo wa anthu osachepera hyperglycemia. Kuchepetsa kwambiri zizindikiro kumatha kuchititsa munthu kugwa. Kutsika kwa shuga m'magazi kumapezeka kwambiri kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga, ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala mwa thanzi.
Mwa odwala matenda ashuga, kutsika kwa shuga m'magazi kumatha kuchitika pazifukwa zotsatirazi:
- mankhwala ena omwe amapangidwira odwala matenda ashuga;
- kumwa mowa osadya chakudya;
- kusachedwa kapena kusowa kwa chakudya chimodzi;
- zolimbitsa thupi;
- jakisoni wa mlingo waukulu wa insulin.
Mwa anthu athanzi, kutsika kwa shuga kumatha kupezeka zotsatirazi:
- kumwa mowa;
- aimpso ndi chiwindi kulephera;
- Kulephera kwa kagayidwe kachakudya mthupi;
- kulimbitsa thupi kwakukulu;
- zakudya okhwima kwa kuwonda;
- yopuma pakati pa chakudya kwa maola opitilira 9;
- kusowa kadzutsa.
Ndikofunika kufunsa dokotala munthawi yake ndikuyamba kulandira chithandizo. Kupatula apo, kutsika m'magazi kumakhala koopsa ngati kukweza. Izi siziyenera kuyiwalika. Kutsika kwakuthwa kwa shuga kumatha kuyamba nthawi iliyonse, kulikonse.
Ndikofunika kuti pakadali pano pali anthu omwe sangadabwe ndikudziwa zoyenera kuchita. Masiku ano, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amavala zibangili zapadera kapena amalamula ma tattoo pamatupi awo omwe amawonetsa kuti akudwala. Pachifukwa ichi, mutha kuyika chikwama kapena kulemba chikalata chodziwitsa komanso kuvomereza.
