Makina onse a thupi lathu amalumikizana ndipo amagwira ntchito movutikira. Kusintha kwa ntchito ya chiwalo chimodzi kumabweretsa phokoso la zopatuka mwa ena.
Enzymatic (exocrine) kuperewera kwa pancreatic sikumangokhudza chimbudzi chokha, komanso thupi lonse.
Ntchito zolimbitsa thupi
Chikondamoyo ndi kachiwalo kakang'ono komwe kali pamwamba pa matumbo ndikuyamba kulowa mu duodenum.
Ndi chiwalo chobisalira, chifukwa:
- intracecretory function, kupanga insulin yomwe imalowa mwachindunji m'magazi ndikuwongolera kutulutsa kwa glucose;
- ntchito ya exocrine, yomwe imapangidwa mu kupanga ma enzyme omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi chimbudzi.
Madzi apadera amapangidwa mu kapamba, wokhala ndi michere, madzi, mchere, ntchofu ndi bicarbonates, omwe amachititsa kuti m'mimba muzikhala acid. Ma Enzymes obwera kudzera m'mitsempha ya m'matumbo amatulutsidwa ndi ndulu yotulutsidwa mu ndulu.
Ma enzymes opangidwa ndi kapamba ndi awa:
- lipase;
- amylase;
- proteinase;
- zotupa;
- mkaka.
Yoyamba imathandizira kuphwanya mafuta, yachiwiri - chakudya, ndi chachitatu - mapuloteni ku mawonekedwe omwe amatha kulowa nawo m'magazi. Maltase ndi lactase amathandizira pazinthu zochepa zamafuta: maltose ndi lactose. Ma Enzymine amakhala ndi tanthauzo ndipo sagwira ntchito yogawa chinthu china. Komabe, ntchito yawo imafunika kuchitapo kanthu mwachilengedwe. Ziyenera kukhala zamchere, ngati izi sizikwaniritsidwa, zinthu sizingakhale bwino.
Kudziwa kuti ndi ma enzymus ati omwe amafunika kuti apangidwe ndi kapamba ndizoyambitsa gland palokha. Zomwe zimalandira m'mimba ndi matumbo zimazindikira kapangidwe ka chakudya, zimafikitsa chidziwitsocho ku ubongo, ndipo kuchokera pamenepo zimalowa ziwalo zogwira ntchito, kuphatikizapo gland, yomwe imayamba kupanga chinthu chogwirizana.
Zimayambitsa matenda a enzyme
Nthawi zina pamachitika zinthu zina zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma protein azikhala osakwanira. Zotsatira zake, chakudya chimakonzedwa ndikugonjetsedwa kwambiri.
Izi sizichitika mwachangu osati zokhazokha. Amaperekedwa ndi ma genetic pathology ndikudziwonetsa okha mu zaka zoyambirira za moyo mwa ana. Matendawa samathandizidwa, koma amathanso kuwongolera pogwiritsa ntchito zakudya zomwe zimapangidwa mwapadera komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena. Kapena kupangidwa patatha zaka zochepa.
Mtundu womwe mwapeza polephera ukhoza kukhala woyamba kapena wachiwiri. Choyamba imapangidwa chifukwa cha njira ya pathological, minofu yayikulu ya gland, yomwe imatsogolera kusakwanira kwachinsinsi. Yachiwiri imasiyanasiyana chifukwa ma enzyme amapangidwa mokwanira, koma osawonetsa zomwe akuyembekezeka, kamodzi m'matumbo.
Wosakwanira pachibale komanso mosakwanira. Yoyamba imapangidwa motsutsana ndi maziko a zopweteka zina ndipo zimatengera kakulidwe kawo. Vuto lachiwiri limakhudza kusintha kwa nduluyo.
Mwa zina mwa zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matendawa apangidwe, matendawa ndi omwe amatha kusiyanitsidwa:
- aakulu kapamba kapamba;
- kachilombo ka kachiromboka;
- yotupa iliyonse mu matumbo aang'ono;
- matenda a khansa;
- Schwachman ndi Johanson-Blizzard syndrome;
- matenda a ndulu;
- kapamba wamatumbo;
- kapamba hypoplasia;
- pancreatic necrosis;
- cystic fibrosis ndi ena.
Ili ndi chidwi komanso moyo:
- zakudya zosayenera, kuphatikiza osagwirizana ndi regimen, kugwiritsa ntchito chakudya chochuluka kapena kuchuluka kwa zakudya zamafuta;
- kunenepa kwambiri;
- kusowa zolimbitsa thupi;
- kusintha kwadzidzidzi pakudya ndi zina.
Kanema kochokera kwa Dr. Malysheva okhudza kapamba kwambiri:
Zizindikiro zamatsenga
Vuto lalikulu ndikusowa kwa michere imakhudza chimbudzi, chifukwa chake, chakudya sichigonjetsedwa ndipo chimachotsedwa mu thumbo ndi ndowe. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa lipids, ndowe zimakhala zamafuta komanso mafuta.
Nthawi yomweyo, ntchito zamagaya limakanikizidwa m'matumbo, omwe amatchedwa maldigestion syndrome.
Kulowa m'matumbo, zakudya zopanda chakudya zimathandizira kupanga colonocytes, zomwe zimabweretsa chiwonetsero cha polypecal ndi m'mimba. Facks amakhala ndi mtundu wa imvi komanso fungo lonunkhira bwino.
Kuphatikiza apo, chakudya chosagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino sichimamwa bwino, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti michere yokwanira imalowa m'magazi. Izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuperewera kwa mapuloteni, zakudya zamafuta ndi lipids, komanso mphamvu yamoyo wamthupi. Kuperewera kwa pancreatic nthawi zambiri kumayendetsedwa ndi kuperewera kwa vitamini, kuchepa magazi, kapena kuchepa mphamvu kwa thupi.
Wodwalayo amayamba kuchepa thupi msanga, komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi kuperewera kwa michere, komanso mawonekedwe a mantha a kudya, omwe nthawi zambiri amapezeka pambuyo povutitsidwa ndi pancreatitis yovuta.
Wodwalayo amakhalanso ndi zizindikiro monga:
- kuphwanya kwam'mimba;
- kutentha kwa mtima;
- kusanza
- nseru
- kumverera kolemetsa m'mimba.
Mwanayo ali ndi zizindikiro zofananira, zomwe makolo ayenera kuyang'anira, makamaka ngati mwana akuonda.
Kanema kuchokera kwa Dr. Komarovsky:
Matenda a enzyme
Kuzindikira kusowa kwa michere yokumba chakudya kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo. Choyambirira, iyi ndi mbiri kutenga ndi kupenda wodwalayo pogwiritsa ntchito palpation.
Kuphatikiza apo, kuyesa kwa labotale kwa michere yamatumbo ndi diagnostics ogwiritsa ntchito:
- Ultrasound
- endoscopy;
- Kuyesa kwa X-ray;
- mayeso ndi mayesero osafunikira.
Mayeso a Probe ndi omwe amafunidwa kwambiri chifukwa amapereka chidziwitso cholondola chokhudza kugaya chakudya kwa wodwala. Koma zimadzetsa mavuto kwa wodwala ndipo ndiokwera mtengo. Tanthauzo lake ndikuti amalimbikitsa kupanga enzyme inayake, ndiye kuti atenga kafukufuku wazinthu zantchito ndikuwunika kuchuluka kwa zinthu ndi ntchito yawo, komanso momwe zilili ndi ma bicarbonates.
Munthawi yabwinobwino, kuchuluka kwa katulutsidwe kumakhala kosachepera 100 peresenti, ndipo bicarbonate sikupitilira 15 peresenti. Mitengo yotsika ikuwonetsa matenda.
Mayeso osatheka ndi otsika mtengo komanso osavuta, koma siolondola kwambiri ndipo salola kuti adziwe zovuta zomwe zili pachiwonetsero. Njirayi imaphatikizapo kuyesa kutenga mkodzo ndi magazi ndi kuphunzira kwawo. Kenako mankhwala amalowetsedwa m'thupi omwe amatha kulumikizana ndi ma enzymes m'magazi ndi mkodzo. Kenako pangani kafukufuku wachiwiri ndikufanizira zotsalazo ndi zoyambirazo.
Kutengera ndi omwe adagwiritsa ntchito, mayesowa ndi omwe amadziwika:
- iodolipol;
- pacreato-lauryl;
- triolein;
- bentiramide.
Kuyesedwa kumayendera limodzi ndi pulogalamu yotsimikizira kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe amino acid ndi chithokomiro, kuchuluka kwa lipids, chymotrypsin ndi trypsin mu ndowe za wodwalayo. Kuperewera kwa ma enzymes othandizira kuwululidwa chifukwa cha kafukufukuyu kumatsimikiziridwa ndikuwunika kwa makompyuta, omwe amalola osati kungoyesa mkhalidwe wa kapamba, komanso kudziwa matenda omwe angayambitse kusintha kwa chiwalochi.
Nthawi ya endoscopy, wodwalayo ameza chubu chapadera, kumapeto kwake kumayikidwa kamera yaying'ono. Amatumiza chithunzicho pachithunzithunzi, ndipo adotolo amawona mkhalidwe wam'magazi a anthu. Zosintha zilizonse, kukokoloka kapena njira zotupa zidzaonekera posachedwa, zomwe zingathandize kuyambitsa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda. Njirayi ndiyosasangalatsa, koma yolondola.
Njira zochizira
Therapy ya enzymatic pancreatic insuffence mu achikulire imayikidwa payekhapayekha, chifukwa mankhwalawa zimatengera zifukwa zomwe zinapangitsa kuperewera ndi kuuma kwake.
Ngati vuto likupezeka motsutsana ndi matenda ena (oncological mapangidwe kapena matenda a gallstone), ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse kaye, izi zimachitika mothandizidwa ndi zamankhwala. Kenako amayamba kubwezeretsa ntchito za kapamba.
Monga mankhwala, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito omwe angabwezeretse zomwe zimakhala ndi michere ya m'mimba:
- Chikondwerero;
- Pancreatin
- Enzystal;
- Mezim;
- Panzinorm ndi ena.
Maziko ake ndi chotikonzanso ng'ombe, momwe mumakhala zotayira zomwe zimayanjana kwambiri ndi anthu. Komabe, sizidziwikika bwino nthawi zonse ndi thupi la wodwalayo, momwe matupi awo amakhudzidwira amatha kuchitika. Pankhaniyi, zokonzekera zochokera kumbewu zimasankhidwa. Nthawi zambiri, mankhwalawa amatengedwa kuti akhale ndi moyo.
Mankhwala othandizira kwambiri ali mu mawonekedwe a granules yaying'ono, yokhazikika mu chipolopolo cha gelatin, yomwe imagwirizana ndi zochita zam'mimba zam'mimba ndikukulolani kuti mupereke ma enzymes molunjika kumtumbo. Mlingo umapangidwa aliyense payekha kwa wodwala aliyense ndipo amasinthidwa ndi dokotala. Pambuyo poyambira kusintha, itha kuchepera.
Ngati wodwala ali ndi matenda ashuga, mankhwala omwe amachepetsa shuga m'magazi amafunikira.
Chofunikira pa mankhwalawa enzymatic pancreatic insufficiency ndi chakudya.
Mulinso:
- Kugwirizana ndi chakudyacho, wodwalayo ayenera kudya katatu pa tsiku pazigawo zochepa.
- Kudya zakudya zosiyanasiyana.
- Kupatula mafuta, osuta, amchere, opaka, otsekemera, zakudya zotsekemera, zakudya zosavuta ndi zinthu zomwe zili ndi mankhwala opangira zida.
- Kusamalira zakudya zokhudzana ndi zopatsa mphamvu komanso mankhwala.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo waluso: kuwira, kuphika, kutsatsa.
- Kuganizira za matenda ophatikizira pokonza menyu;
- Kuphatikiza zakudya ndi kugwiritsa ntchito madzi amchere, moyo wathanzi, zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi.
Kukula kwa chithandizo cha pancreatic enzymatic kusakwanira kwakukulu kumadalira kuchuluka kwa kunyalanyaza matendawa, komanso chifukwa chake. Chifukwa chake, matenda obadwa nawo ndi osachiritsika, omwewo amagwiranso ntchito pa fomu yolimba.
Kanema kochokera kwa Dr. Malysheva:
Popanda chithandizo, matenda a m'magazi angayambitse mapangidwe a kapamba ndi exocrine osakwanira ndikuwonongeka kwa minofu ya ziwalo, mpaka kufika pakufa.
Chithandizo chopangidwira bwino chimatha kukonza mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo ndikuchotsa matenda matendawa. Ngakhale malingaliro pazakudya, wodwala amayenera kutsatira moyo wake wonse.
