Zolemba zotupa za pancreatic

Ma cell omwe amapanga neoplasm yolakwika amagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri, kuwononga ziwalo zawo komanso intaneti, komanso kugawa mwachangu, zomwe zimapangitsa kukula kwa chotupacho. Pazochitika zoterezi, amafunikira michere yambiri, okosijeni ndi mphamvu, ndipo chifukwa cha kusintha kwachilengedwe, zinthu zimamasulidwa zomwe ndizapadera pakukula kwa khansa.

Amadziwika kuti ndi zotupa, kapena "chizindikiro" chokhudza matenda a khansa, chifukwa amakulolani kukayikira kapena kutsimikizira kupezeka kwa khansa kumayambiriro kwake, pomwe wodwalayo alibe zizindikiro zamankhwala. Monga lamulo, awa ndi mapuloteni kapena mapuloteni a carbohydrate omwe amapezeka m'magazi a venous panthawi yoyesa.

Mitundu ya zotupa

Mitundu yonse ya khansa ya kapamba (kapamba) ndi wowopsa, ndi chiphuphu chosavomerezeka. Chiwopsezo chopulumuka cha odwala, ngakhale kutengera komwe kuphatikiza chisamaliro chachikulu, ndizochepa kwambiri, nthawi zambiri chotupacho chimabweretsa zotsatira zomvetsa chisoni pambuyo pa miyezi 6-12. Chifukwa chake, kudziwitsidwa koyambirira kwa chotupa choyipa ndikofunikira.

Chotupa chilichonse ndi cholembera cha protein protein

Pakadali pano, zolembera zam'mimba zimayesedwa kuti ndizopatsa chiyembekezo kwambiri paziwonetsero, zomwe zimapezeka m'magazi, nthawi zambiri, pamene neoplasm yoyipa ikuwonekera m'thupi. Mwa munthu wathanzi, kuchuluka kwake kwa zinthu izi kumayandikira zero kapena kulibe, kotero kupezeka kwawo kukusonyeza kukhalapo kwa khansa.

Zolemba chotupa zotsatirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwunika matenda:

• CA-242 imapangidwa ndi zotupa osati za kapamba, komanso matumbo; kumawonjezeranso ndi kapamba kapena chifuwa; Zotsatira zake zimawunikidwa limodzi ndi zotupa zina.
• CA-125, imachulukana ndi khansa ya kapamba, chiwindi, rectum, m'mimba.
• Tu M2-PK (chotupa pyruvate kinase) imawerengedwa monga chizindikiro chodziwika bwino.
• AFP (alpha-fetoprotein), akuwonetsa khansa ya kapamba, colon, chiwindi.
• CA 72-4, imachulukitsa zotupa ndi zotupa za kapamba, komanso chifuwa chachikulu cha khansa.
• CA 19-9, amapangidwa ndi maselo a chotupa, omwe ndi "osakhazikika" epithelium ya ma pancreatic ducts. Amadziwikanso ndi khansa yam'mitsempha yam'mimba komanso matumbo, ndi matenda am'mimba, kapamba, matenda a ndulu, cholecystitis.
• CA-50 imawerengedwa ngati chikhomo chokhazikitsidwa kwambiri pazomwe zilipo komanso chodalirika kwambiri chimatsimikizira kukhalapo kwa chotupa cha khansa mu kapamba.

Zizindikiro zonse za khansa ya pancreatic zili ndi phindu losiyanitsa, lomwe silimafikira 100%, ngakhale CA 19-9 kapena CA-50 ikapezeka. Chifukwa chake, wothandizira pa matenda a khansa amagwiritsa ntchito zidziwitso zovuta za zomwe zili m'magazi a wodwalayo zokhala ndi zotupa zingapo nthawi imodzi. Koma ngakhale muzochitika izi, ndi 70 peresenti yokha ya odwala onse omwe ali ndi khansa ya pancreatic omwe amatha "kuzindikira" chilichonse chomwe chikuwunika. Komabe, chizindikiritso chawo ndi njira yamakono komanso yodalirika yopezera matenda.

Zizindikiro zakutsimikiza

Pulogalamu iliyonse yamapuloteni pamwamba pa mndandanda, miyeso yamagetsi yotsimikizika imatsimikizika, kuwonjezereka kwake komwe kumatha kuwonetsa kuwoneka kwa chotupa cha khansa osati mu kapamba, komanso pazigawo zilizonse zam'mimba, m'chiwindi, ndulu. Zotsatira zabwino zoyesedwa zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito osati kungodziwitsa khansa, komanso chifukwa china. Mwachitsanzo, kuwunika momwe chotupa chilili pakumwa.

Kusanthula kwa zotupa m'mbali ndikofunikira ngati madandaulo akudwala kwambiri pamimba, kuchepa thupi, khungu

Pazonse, zochitika zonse zikafunika kupeza chikhansa cha pancreatic wodwala, kuti adziwe mawonekedwe ake komanso kuchuluka kwake, atha kuyimiridwa motere:

• kukhalapo kwa madokotala azachipatala kuti azikayikira khansa ya kapamba;
• kukhalapo kwa kale cysts, pseudocysts, pseudotumor pancreatitis;
• kuwunika kwa magwiridwe oyenera a opaleshoni (ngakhale maselo a khansa achotsedwa kwathunthu);
• kusanthula kwamphamvu kwa mphamvu ya chemotherapy ndi radiation chithandizo;
• kuwunika momwe chotupa sichikugwira;
• kuzindikira metastases ziwalo zina;
• kudziwikanso kwa khansa yapakansa;
• amaganiza khansa yayikulu yam'mimba;
• kusiyanasiyana matenda oopsa ndi chosaopsa neoplasms.

Monga tikuwonera pamndandanda wazowonetsa, ambiri aiwo akukhudzana ndi khansa yomwe yapezeka kale ndi khansa. Mwachitsanzo, makanema opangira chikhomo amafunikira kuti chiwonetsero champhamvu cha chotupa cha khansa chikhale chovuta kwambiri pochita opaleshoni. Komabe, kudziwika kwa zotupa kumakhala kofunikira kwambiri pakufunika kotsimikizira kukhalapo kapena kusapezeka kwa vuto loipitsitsa, komanso koyambirira, pomwe wodwalayo sapereka madandaulo komanso alibe zizindikiro zamatenda. Pankhani imeneyi, ndizomveka kuphatikiza kafukufuku wowunika waam'mazere pamndandanda wa mayeso ofunikira omwe amachitika pakuwunika kwa magulu onse aanthu.

Nthawi zambiri, mwatsoka, odwala amafufuza thandizo akakhala ndi chithunzi chatsatanetsatane cha zotupa zapachifuwa. Amatha kudandaula za kupweteka kwapakati kapena kwam'mimba kwambiri chifukwa chofalikira mu lamba, kutalika kwa khungu ndi ziwalo zam'mimba, komanso kuchepa thupi kosadziwika.

Magazi a Venous amatengedwa kuti awerenge pambuyo poti wodwala azikonzekera.

Muzochitika zotere, kuyesedwa kwa zotupa kumachitika popanda kuchitika, ndipo kafukufuku m'modzi, ngakhale ali ndi zotsatira zabwino, sikokwanira kuzindikirika kwa khansa ya kapamba. Mayeso angapo ndi kupezeka kwa zotsatira zabwino amafunikira pakuphunzira mitundu itatu kapena 5 ya zotupa.

Kusanthula ndi kuwonongeka kwa deta

Magazi a venous amafunikira kuti azindikire zilembo za khansa, zomwe zimatengedwa kuchokera kumitsempha yam'mimba. Nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunikira kuti kusanthula konse komwe kumachitika mu labotale imodzi ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira imodzimodzi yofufuzira, potero ndikwaniritsa kudalirika kwakulu pazotsatira.

Asanachitike sampling ya magazi, yomwe imachitika m'mawa komanso musanadye, kukonzekera pang'ono kwa munthu ndikofunikira.

Pancreatic MRI

Muli zinthu zotsatirazi:

• mkati mwa maola 8 asanafufuze ndizosatheka kudya chakudya;
• tsiku lisanafike kusanthula, simungathe kudya mafuta, okazinga, osankhidwa, zakudya zokometsera, komanso timadziti, tiyi wamphamvu ndi khofi;
• kwa masiku awiri simungamwe zakumwa zoledzeretsa;
• kwa masiku 2 simungagwiritse ntchito mankhwala aliwonse ngati siofunika.

Kafukufukuyo m'ma labotore ambiri amatenga masiku osapitilira 1. Pazinthu zadzidzidzi, zotsatira zake zakonzeka mumaola ochepa.

Nthawi zina michere yofanana ya biochemical imapangidwa ndi maselo abwinobwino m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamkati kapena ma pathologies omwe sadziwika ndi chotupa. Chifukwa chake, pachikhodzodzo chilichonse, chizindikiritso chimatsimikizidwanso, zomwe zimatanthawuza kupezeka kwake kokwanira komanso zazing'ono, zovomerezeka m'magazi a wodwalayo.

Zotsatira za zotupa zimalephera kukhala zofanana poyesedwa ma labotoreti osiyanasiyana. Izi ndichifukwa cha zida za zida, zokhala ndi luso, momwe zimakhalira kale. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti kuwunikira mwamphamvu kwa zolemba zofunikira kumachitika mu bungwe limodzi.

Mwachitsanzo, mulingo wotsatira wa zolembera:

• CA 19-9: kuyambira 0 mpaka 40 IU / ml;
• CA-50: osapitirira 225 U / ml;
• ACE: 5 mpaka 10 IU / ml;
• CA-242: osapitirira 30 IU / ml.

Kukhazikitsidwa kwa zakudya zosuta komanso zamafuta musanapendule kumakhala ndi zotsatira zotsimikiza.

Ngati wodwala wa oncologist alandila zotulukazi, ndiye kuti nthawi zambiri amatha kutsimikiza kuti wodwalayo ali ndi thanzi ndipo alibe chotupa choopsa m'matumbo ndi ziwalo zina zam'mimba. Ngati khansa yapezeka kale, ndiye kuti ziwonetserozi "zimalankhula" zakuchepa kwa kukula kwa njira yotupa, mphamvu yayikulu yothandizira, komanso kusapezeka kwa metastases. Komabe, ngakhale kafukufuku wowunika wamankhwala a chotupa satha kukonza kusintha kwa kusintha kwa maselo athanzi kukhala maselo a khansa, ndiye kuti gawo loyambirira la matendawa.

Kupitilira muyeso wabwino ndizovuta kwambiri komanso zowopsa, chifukwa zimaloleza kuthekera kwakukulu kwambiri kulimbikitsa kupezeka kwa khansa. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa zolembako kukachuluka, kukulira chotupa ndikuchulukanso kwa mapangidwe a metastases.

Mtengo wazindikiritso umakhala ndi zochulukirapo kuzisonyezo zochepa zokha, ngakhale pakhale zoyenera za omata. Izi ndichifukwa choti anthu ena ali ndi chibadwa sangakwanitse kupanga makina ena mwachitsanzo, CA 19-9. Chifukwa chake, zoyimira zawo za "zero", motsutsana ndi kumbuyo kwa zowonetsa zina, samakana kukhalapo kwa neoplasm yoyipa.

Khansa ya kapamba chaka chilichonse imatenga miyoyo yambiri. Kuzindikira kwake koyambirira, kuphatikiza pakuwunika zolembera, ndikofunikira kwambiri ndipo kumathandizira kukulitsa moyo wa odwala.