Hyperglycemia ndi chizindikiro cha matenda chodziwika ndi shuga wamagazi ambiri. Vutoli limakhala ndi kusiyanasiyana kosiyanasiyana. Amapezeka ngati glycemia apamwamba kuposa 3.3-5.5 mmol / L.
Komabe, mu shuga mellitus, ndizosatheka kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwa glucose mpaka misinkhu yomweyo monga mwa munthu wathanzi. Chifukwa chake, pa gulu ili la odwala, malire kuchokera pa 5 mpaka 7.2 mmol / L pamimba yopanda kanthu komanso osakwana 10 mmol / L maola 2 atatha kudya amatengedwa ngati abwinobwino. Ngati zizindikiro zotere zimasungidwa tsiku lililonse, ndiye kuti mawonekedwe a shuga komanso zovuta za matenda ashuga zimacheperachepera.
Komabe, kodi ndi zifukwa zina ziti zomwe hyperglycemia imachitikira? Zizindikiro zake ndi ziti ndipo zingasonyeze bwanji kuti zikuyenda bwino?
Kodi chiwopsezo cha magazi chikuchulukiranji?
Pali zifukwa zambiri za hyperglycemia. Izi zitha kukhala kukhala ndi pakati, kupsinjika, kapena matenda osiyanasiyana. Komabe, nthawi zambiri shuga wambiri amadziwika panthawi yolephera pokonza chakudya chamagulu, omwe amapezeka mu shuga mellitus.
Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwa glucose amadziwika ndi kukhala pansi, kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi komanso kusintha kwa mahomoni. Komanso, zomwe zimayambitsa zimatha kukhala zizolowezi zoipa ndi zovuta zina zaumoyo zomwe ziwalo zina zimakhudzidwa.
Hyperglycemia imapezekanso motsutsana ndi maziko a zovuta za endocrine, pakakhala kusagwira bwino ntchito pakupanga mahomoni (kupanga kwawo kumawonjezera). Matenda monga shuga, matenda a Cushing, thyrotooticosis, pheochromocytoma.
Zomwe zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga glucose:
- kumwa mankhwala ena (mahomoni, ma steroid, njira zolerera komanso okodzetsa);
- matenda a chiwindi (zotupa, hepatitis, cirrhosis);
- kulakwitsa kwa kapamba (kapamba, zotupa)
Kupezeka kwa hyperglycemia kumatha kutsimikizika ndi zizindikiritso zingapo. Zizindikiro zotere zimaphatikizapo kuyabwa pakhungu, ludzu, kusawona bwino, pakamwa pouma, kusinthanso khungu, komanso kutopa msanga. Mutu, matenda opatsirana pafupipafupi, kukodza kwambiri ndi chizungulire nthawi zambiri kumayendera shuga.
Ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, njira za metabolic zimasokonezeka. Zotsatira zake, nseru, kugona, kusanza kumatha kuoneka, ndipo nthawi zina munthu amayamba kuzindikira.
Kuti tipewe kukula kwa chikomokere cha hyperglycemic, ndikofunikira kuzindikira matendawa munthawi yake ndikuchita mwachangu njira zoyenera.
Zizindikiro
Kuti muzindikire kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, kuyezetsa mayeso atatu kumachitika. Phunziro loyamba ndikusala kudya sutra. Njira ya Ortotoluidine imakuthandizani kuti muzindikire zomwe zili ndi shuga popanda kuganizira zina zomwe zimachepetsa.
Koma ndikofunikira kukonzekera kusanthula koteroko. Chifukwa chake, maola 12 pamaso pake, simungadye, kusewera masewera komanso kumwa mankhwala. Ngati zotsatira zake zikuwonetsa kuti shuga ndiwabwinobwino, ndiye kuti zowonjezera zimachitika.
M'malo osasunthika, njira yonyamula katundu imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Chofunikira chake chimakhala chakuti wodwalayo amapereka magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu kenako amapatsidwa shuga.
Pambuyo maola ochepa, kuyesanso magazi kwachiwiri kumachitika. Ngati zotsatira zaposachedwa zikuchokera ku 11 mmol / L, ndiye kuti hyperglycemia yapezeka.
Ngati kuli kofunikira, kafukufuku wotsitsa wowerengeka akhoza kuchitika. Mwanjira iyi, zizindikiro monga creatinine, ergonin, uric acid zimatha kutsimikizika. Ngati ndi kotheka, dokotala amakupatsani mayeso kuti mupeze mavuto okhudzana, mwachitsanzo, monga matenda ashuga.
Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti hyperglycemia ndi chizindikiro chokhacho chomwe chimawonetsa kusayenda bwino kwa kayendetsedwe kazinthu zina ndi ziwalo zina. Zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri za vutoli ndi ketoacidosis, momwe momwe matupi a ketone amachulukira, omwe amapezeka kawirikawiri motsutsana ndi maziko a matenda osokoneza bongo.
Hyperglycemic coma ndiyowopsa chifukwa imayambitsa kupuma, arrhythmia, ketonuria, kuchepa madzi m'thupi komanso kupitirira kwa matenda osachiritsika.
Popanda chithandizo cha panthawi yake, pH ikagwera mpaka 6.8, kufa kwamankhwala kumachitika.
Momwe mungasinthire matenda a shuga?
Shuga yayikulu magazi iyenera kuchepetsedwa moyang'aniridwa ndi achipatala. Wodwalayo amamulembera zovuta, kuphatikizapo kumwa mankhwala ena, zolimbitsa thupi ndi kudya.
Ndi matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba, wodwala amafunikira insulin. Ndi matenda a mtundu 2, mapiritsi ochepetsa shuga (mwachitsanzo, Siofor) nthawi zambiri amaloledwa.
Kuphatikiza apo, zolimbitsa thupi zimathandizira kuti glycemia ikhale yachilendo. Komabe, katunduyo akuyenera kukhala ochepa komanso osankhidwa payekha kwa wodwala aliyense.
Chifukwa chake machiritso olimbitsa thupi a shuga ayenera kukhala tsiku ndi tsiku, mutha kusankha: kusambira, kukwera mahatchi, kuyendetsa njinga zamadzi, badminton kapena tennis. Kuti mupeze phindu lalikulu, ndikofunikira kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi tsiku lililonse kwa theka la ola.
Ndi hyperglycemia, makamaka yochokera ku matenda ashuga, ndikofunikira kusamala zakudya zamapuloteni, zopatsa mphamvu ndi mafuta, kuphatikiza mafuta ochulukirapo a iwo.
Ngati shuga ndiwambiri, ndiye kuti muyenera kusankha zakudya zomwe zili ndi index ya glycemic yotsika. Izi zikuphatikiza:
- bowa;
- nsomba zam'nyanja (nkhanu, nkhanu, nkhanu);
- kabichi yoyera, broccoli;
- thukuta la soya;
- zonunkhira (mpiru, muzu wa ginger);
- letesi, sipinachi;
- dzungu, zukini;
- soya;
- zipatso zina (chitumbuwa, mphesa, mapeyala, ndimu);
- mafuta opendedwa ndi opindika;
- nyemba (mphodza) ndi phala (oatmeal);
- mtedza
- masamba - kaloti, phwetekere, anyezi, lokoma kale, Yerusalemu artichoke, nkhaka ndi zina zambiri.
Zakudya ndizofunikira kwambiri zomwe sizimalola kungokhala ndi shuga m'magazi, komanso kulimbitsa chitetezo chokwanira, kukonza thanzi lathunthu komanso kuchotsa mapaundi owonjezera.
Ndi hyperglycemia yoyambitsidwa ndi matenda amtundu 1, zakudya ziyenera kutsatiridwa moyo wonse. Pankhani ya matenda amtundu 2, ntchito yayikulu yodyetsa ndikuwongolera kunenepa.
Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa a hyperglycemia, matebulo ena apangidwa. Amawonetsa magawo a mkate (1 XE = 10 magalamu a chakudya) pazinthu zambiri.
Pokonzekera chakudya, shuga, pasitala, chakudya choyatsidwa, mikate yoyera, mafuta onunkhira, semolina ndi mpunga ayenera kusiyidwa kapena kuchepera. Zokonda ziyenera kuperekedwa kwa mafuta ochulukitsa komanso mapuloteni, osayiwala kusunga ma polyunsaturated komanso mafuta a asidi ambiri.
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kudya chakudya pang'ono, ndikuphwanya menyu wa tsiku ndi tsiku mu zakudya zitatu ndi zitatu zina. Pakakhala kulemera kowonjezereka komanso zovuta, ndikokwanira kuti munthu wodwala matenda a hyperglycemia adye pafupifupi ma calorie 2,000 patsiku.
Makina achitsanzo amawoneka motere:
- Chakudya cham'mawa - buckwheat / oatmeal, mkate wopanda bulauni (40 magalamu aliyense), mkaka (1 chikho), dzira limodzi, batala (5 magalamu).
- Zakudya zokhazokha - tchizi chamafuta ochepa komanso zipatso zopatsa (100 magalamu), buledi wa bulauni (25 g).
- Chakudya chamasana - mbatata ndi nyama yopendekera (magalamu 100 aliyense), buledi wa bulauni (50 magalamu), masamba (200 magalamu), zipatso zouma (magalamu 20), mafuta a masamba (supuni 1).
- Zakudya zokhazokha - mkaka ndi zipatso (100 magalamu aliyense), buledi wa bulauni (25 g).
- Chakudya chamadzulo chimakhala chakudya chamasamba a mitundu iwiri ya anthu ashuga omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mafuta a maolivi (10 magalamu), nsomba zam'madzi kapena nsomba zamafuta ochepa (80 magalamu), zipatso, mkate (25 g).
- Zakudya zokhazokha - kefir wopanda mafuta (1 chikho), mkate (25 magalamu).
Ndikothekanso kusintha zinthuzi ndi zakudya zovomerezeka, zomwe zili ndi zopatsa mphamvu zomwezo. Chifukwa chake, m'malo mwa tchizi chanyumba, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito nyama kapena nsomba, masamba - zipatso, chimanga, ndi batala - kirimu ndi wowawasa wowawasa.
Kanemayo munkhaniyi akupereka malingaliro amomwe mungachepetse shuga lanu lamwazi mofulumira.
