LDL cholesterol ndi lipoprotein yotsika kwambiri yomwe ili m'gulu la lipoprotein yamagazi kwambiri yomwe imapangika pa lipolysis. Gulu lazinthuzi limatchedwa cholesterol yoyipa, chifukwa limalumikizidwa ndi mwayi wokhala ndi atherosulinosis.
Pafupifupi 70% ya LDL imapezeka mu madzi amthupi. Chochititsa chidwi ndi cholesterol ndikuti amatha kudziunjikira pamakoma amkati amitsempha yamagazi, zomwe zimayambitsa mapangidwe a atherosranceotic malo.
HDL cholesterol ndi mkulu osachulukitsa lipoprotein, ndiko kuti, chinthu chabwino. Zimatenga nawo gawo momwe mahomoni ogonana amuna ndi akazi amalimbitsira maselo, chifukwa amayamba kugonjetsedwa ndi zinthu zoyipa.
Tiyeni tiwone ngati cholesterol ya LDL imakwezedwa, zikutanthauza chiyani, ndipo muyenera kuchita chiyani pamkhalidwe wotere? Zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa metabolidi ya lipid, ndiye chithandizo chiti?
Zowopsa Zowonjezera LDL
Kuchulukana kwa cholesterol yotsika kwambiri kumatha kuwonjezeka mopitilira malire ovomerezeka, ndipo izi ndizoyipa kwambiri, chifukwa chiopsezo chokhala ndi atherosclerosis chikuwonjezeka. Vuto ndilakuti palibe zizindikiro ndi zizindikiritso zamafuta am'mthupi, kotero njira yokhayo yopezera tanthauzo ndikumayezetsa magazi.
Kuopsa kwa cholesterol yayikulu kumakhala mwa odwala omwe ali ndi mbiri ya matenda amtima. Chiwopsezo cha mapangidwe a atherosselotic zolembera zimawonedwa mu onse omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga - kuphwanya shuga m'mimba kumakhudza boma la ziwiya.
Chinanso chomwe ndi kunenepa kwambiri, komwe kumayambitsidwa ndi zizolowezi zoyipa kudya. Menyu ukamalamulidwa ndi zinthu za nyama, pamakhala chakudya chambiri, zomwe zimayambitsa kunenepa kwambiri.
Zomwe zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa LDL:
- Makamaka. Nthawi zina, kupatuka kunthawi zonse kumakhala kotengera kwa makolo. Gulu lachiwopsezo limaphatikizapo anthu omwe achibale awo adakumana ndi vuto la mtima / sitiroko;
- Zovuta za endocrine chikhalidwe (kapamba, kapamba);
- Matenda a impso / chiwindi;
- Kuchepa kwa mahomoni m'thupi (panthawi yoyembekezera, panthawi ya kusintha kwa thupi);
- Kumwa mowa kwambiri, kusuta;
- Ngati mbiri ya matenda oopsa;
- Kulephera kuchita zolimbitsa thupi.
Ngati wodwalayo ali pachiwopsezo, ndiye kuti amalimbikitsidwa kumayesedwa patapita nthawi yayitali ndi lipid mbiri - kutsimikiza kwa cholesterol yathunthu, LDL, HDL, triglycerides.
Cholesterol wamba
Kuti mupeze kuchuluka kwa LDL ku HDL mthupi, kuyezetsa magazi kumatengedwa. Kutengera ndi zotsatira za labotale, dokotalayo amalankhula za chizolowezi kapena matenda. Zotsatira zake zimayerekezeredwa ndi matebulo omwe amapezeka pakati, chifukwa makhwalawa ndi osiyana amuna ndi akazi. Amaganiziranso zaka za wodwalayo, matenda opatsirana - matenda ashuga, matenda a stroko kapena matenda a mtima m'mbiri, ndi zina zambiri.
Ndiye zochuluka motani? Mbiri ya lipid imatengedwa kuti mudziwe zomwe zili mu cholesterol. Imapereka chidziwitso pa OH, LDL, LDL, triglyceride concentration, ndi atherogenicity index. Zizindikiro zonsezi, kuphatikiza ndale ya magengegenic, imayezedwa mmol pa lita.
Dziwani kuti panthawi yoyembekezera, cholesterol imakonda kukwera, yomwe siyoyambitsa matenda. Maonekedwe a chithunzi choterocho ndi chifukwa cha mayendedwe amakulu a mayi wapakati.
OH iyenera kukhala magawo a 3.5 mpaka 5.2. Ngati chiwonjezero chikuwonjezeka kufika pa 6.2 mmol / l, izi ndizoyambitsa nkhawa. Nthawi zonse kwa akazi:
- Onse mafuta a cholesterol 2.9-7.85 kutengera zaka. Mukamakalamba mkaziyo, ndiye kuti angathe kuchita zambiri ngati angathe.
- Muyezo wachilengedwe chochepa kwambiri ukatha zaka 50 wafika zaka 5.72, pazaka zazing'ono ndi magawo 0 1.76-4.85.
- HDL imakhala yachilendo patatha zaka 50 - 0.96-2.38, paubwana 0.93-2.25 mmol / l.
Chomwe chimachitika kwa bambo ndi kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yonse, ngati chizindikirocho sichikupitilira mtengo wama 4,79. HDL imasiyana kuchokera pa 0.98 mpaka 1.91 - kawirikawiri mpaka zaka 50. Pambuyo pa m'badwo uno, malire ovomerezeka amakhala mpaka 1.94 mmol / L. Cholesterol chonse pambuyo 50 sayenera kupitirira mayunitsi 6.5.
Mu shuga, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumawonjezereka. Ngati pali kuwonjezeka kwa gawo limodzi, ndiye kuti izi zimakhudza kugwira ntchito kwa maselo aubongo. Pankhani yopatuka, chithandizo chofunikira ndichofunikira - zakudya, masewera, mankhwala. Monga lamulo, kwa odwala matenda ashuga, mankhwala amaperekedwa nthawi yomweyo.
Mgwirizano wa atherogenic umagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kudziwa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yabwino ku chinthu china choyipa. Amawerengeredwa motere: (OH - HDL) / LDL. Milandu ikakhala itatu kapena kuchepera, chiwopsezo cha atherosulinosis sichinyalanyazidwa, ndi CA kuyambira 3 mpaka 4, chiwopsezo cha matenda a coronary kapena kusintha kwa atherosulinotic ndikweza. Ndipo ndi CA yopitilira magawo asanu - pali kuthekera kwambiri kwamatenda a mtima, komanso mavuto ndi impso, malekezero (makamaka matenda ashuga), ndi ubongo.
Chakudya cha LDL chachikulu
Dziwani kuti odwala omwe ali pachiwopsezo amafunika kuyeza cholesterol nthawi zambiri mokwanira kuti apewe zotsatira zoyipa pakapita nthawi. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amatha kukhala ndi "mita" yamtundu, makamaka, mayeso owonetsa omwe amathandiza kudziwa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yoyipa m'magazi. Ubwino wa njirayi ndikuwunika pafupipafupi komanso kuyesa kunyumba.
Kuti muchepetse LDL mthupi, muyenera kudya moyenera komanso moyenera. Kuchokera pamasamba amafunika kupatula mafuta anyama, mafuta amphaka, ng'ombe ndi nkhumba, mayonesi ndi soseji zina, mankhwala omalizidwa, chakudya mwachangu, soseji, zinthu za ufa, mafuta amkaka amafuta.
Chakudyacho chimaphatikizapo masamba ndi zipatso zambiri. Ndikofunikira kuti odwala matenda ashuga asankhe mitundu yosagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti asakhumudwitse shuga. Zakudya zotsatirazi zimakhala ndi mphamvu yochepetsa cholesterol:
- Tiyi yobiriwira (yongopindika, osati m'matumba). Kuphatikizikako kumakhala ndi flavonoids, zomwe zimathandizira kulimbitsa makhoma a mtima;
- Tomato amakhala ndi lycopene, chinthu chomwe chimathandizira kuchepa kwa LDL;
- Zinthu zopangidwa ndi walnut ndizothandiza, koma zopatsa mphamvu kwambiri, mpaka zidutswa 10 patsiku;
- Kaloti, adyo, mandimu, mazira mwanjira ya omele, udzu winawake.
Tsatirani zakudya pafupipafupi.
Onjezerani zolimbitsa thupi kwambiri ngati palibe zotsutsana ndi zaumoyo. Njira izi zikapanda kuthandiza, ndiye kuti mankhwala amathandizidwa kuti muchepetse LDL.
Chithandizo cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi wowerengeka azitsamba
Anthu odwala matenda ashuga kuti athetse matenda a LDL mthupi amapatsidwa mankhwala ochokera ku gulu la ma statins ndi ma fiber. Amadziwika kuti ma statins amatha kuthana ndi zomwe zimawonetsa shuga, chifukwa zimathandizira kayendedwe ka metabolic m'thupi, chifukwa chake, kuyang'anira shuga kokhazikika kuyenera kuteteza hypoglycemia mu shuga mellitus.
Ma statin othandiza kwambiri akuphatikizapo Lovastatin, Simvastatin, Pravastatin. Mlingo ndi nthawi ya chithandizo zimatsimikiziridwa payekhapayekha. Mankhwala a Cholesterol si mapiritsi amatsenga, ngati wodwala matenda ashuga samatsata zakudya zamagulu, njira yothanirana sichitha.
Zomwe zimapangidwira zimathandizira kusungunula zolembera za cholesterol, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mitsempha yamagazi izititsuka. Atromidine, Tricor, Lipigem ndi mankhwala.
Zithandizo za anthu:
- Flaxseed ufa umawonjezeredwa ndi chakudya. Mlingo - theka la supuni, pafupipafupi kugwiritsa ntchito - kangapo patsiku. Mbewu m'munsi cholesterol, kusintha chakudya kagayidwe kachakudya matenda ashuga.
- Muzu wa licorice - kutsanulira supuni ziwiri za 500 ml ya madzi otentha, kuphika kwa mphindi 15, fyuluta. Imwani 50-80 ml 4 pa tsiku. Kutalika kwa njira ya achire ndi masabata atatu. Pambuyo pakupuma, mutha kubwereza. Chinsinsicho ndi choyeneranso kwa odwala matenda ashuga, koma osati matenda oopsa.
Ndi vuto la kunenepa kwambiri, makamaka ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiŵiri, mndandanda wowonjezera wama calorie woyenera wonenepa umalimbikitsa. Moyenera, zimapangidwa poyang'ana zochitika zolimbitsa thupi za munthu. Komanso monga njira yodzitetezera ndikofunikira: kusiya kusuta fodya, kumwa mowa, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi tsiku ndi tsiku, kupita kukawona dotolo ndikumayesa mafuta a cholesterol.
Lipoproteins akufotokozedwa mu kanema munkhaniyi.
