Kukonzekera kwa insulin kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza milingo ya shuga mwa odwala matenda a shuga. NovoRapid ndi m'modzi mwa oimira m'badwo waposachedwa wa othandizira a hypoglycemic. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo la mankhwala a shuga kuti apange kuchepa kwa insulin ngati kapangidwe kake m'thupi kamalemala.
NovoRapid ndi wosiyana pang'ono ndi mahomoni abwinobwino amunthu, chifukwa chomwe amayamba kuchita zinthu mwachangu, ndipo odwala amatha kuyamba kudya atangoyambitsa. Poyerekeza ndi ma insulins achikhalidwe, NovoRapid amawonetsa zotsatira zabwino: m'magulu a shuga odwala shuga amayamba kudya, kuchuluka ndi zovuta za nocturnal hypoglycemia zimachepa. Zabwino zake zimaphatikizira mphamvu ya mankhwalawa, yomwe imalola anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi shuga kuti achepetse kumwa.
Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito
Insulin NovoRapid imapangidwa ndi kampani yopanga mankhwala ku Danish, Novo Nordisk, yomwe cholinga chake chachikulu ndikupititsa patsogolo kulamulidwa kwa glycemic kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo. Yogwira pophika mu mankhwala ndi aspart. Molekyulu yake ndi analogue ya insulini, imabwereza momwemo kupatula kusiyanitsa kokha koma kwakukulu - wina wogwirizira amino acid. Chifukwa cha izi, mamolekyu a aspart samamatira limodzi ndikupanga ma hexamers, ngati insulin wamba, koma ali omasuka, chifukwa chake amayamba kugwira ntchito mwachangu kuti achepetse shuga. M'malo motere zidatheka chifukwa cha ukadaulo wamakono wa bioengineering. Kuyerekeza kwa aspart ndi insulin yaumunthu sikunawululire zotsatira zoyipa zakusintha kwa molekyulu. M'malo mwake, zotsatira za kayendetsedwe ka mankhwala idakhala yamphamvu ndikukhazikika.
Matenda a shuga ndi kupsinjika kudzakhala chinthu chakale
- Matenda a shuga -95%
- Kuthetsa kwa mitsempha thrombosis - 70%
- Kuthetsa kwa kugunda kwamtima kwamphamvu -90%
- Kuthana ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi - 92%
- Kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu masana, kukonza kugona usiku -97%
NovoRapid ndi njira yokonzekera yopangira subcutaneous management, imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamitundu yonse ya matenda ashuga, ngati pali kusowa kwambiri kwa insulin yanu. Mankhwalawa amaloledwa mwa ana (kuyambira zaka 2) ndi ukalamba, amayi oyembekezera. Itha kudulidwa ndi ma cholembera a syringe ndi mapampu a insulin. Zochizira pachimake hyperglycemic zinthu, mtsempha wa magazi n`zotheka.
Zambiri zofunikira za odwala matenda ashuga za NovoRapid insulin kuchokera kuzomwe mungagwiritse ntchito:
| Mankhwala | Chochita chachikulu cha NovoRapid, monga insulin ina iliyonse, ndikuchepetsa shuga la magazi. Imakonza bwino kuchuluka kwa ma membrane am'magazi, kulola kuti shuga azidutsa mkati, kuyambitsa kusintha kwa glucose, kuwonjezera masitolo a glycogen m'misempha ndi chiwindi, komanso kumapangitsanso kapangidwe ka mafuta ndi mapuloteni. |
| Kutulutsa Fomu | Ipezeka m'mitundu iwiri:
Malinga ndi malangizo, insulin Penfill ndi Flekspen ndi ofanana kapangidwe ndi ndende. Penfill ndiwosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ngati mulingo wochepa wa mankhwalawo ukufunika. |
| Zizindikiro |
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| Zotsatira zoyipa | Zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri za insulin ndi hypoglycemia. Amayamba pamene mulingo wa insulin wophatikizira umaposa zofunikira za thupi. Nthawi zambiri (0.1-1% ya anthu odwala matenda ashuga) ziwopsezo zimatha kuchitika m'malo a jakisoni ndikuwonetsa. Zizindikiro: kutupa, kutupa, kuyabwa, mavuto am'mimba, kufiyanso. Mu 0.01% ya milandu, anaphylactic zimachitika. Pakanthawi kochepa kwambiri pa kuchepa kwa glycemia mu matenda ashuga, zizindikiro za kuchepa kwa m'mimba, kuwonongeka kwa mawonekedwe, ndi kutupa zimawonedwa. Zotsatira zoyipa izi zimasowa pazokha popanda chithandizo. |
| Sankhani | Mlingo woyenera amawerengedwa kutengera chakudya chamagulu azakudya. Mlingo ukuwonjezeka ndi kulimbitsa thupi, kupsinjika, matenda omwe ali ndi malungo. |
| Zotsatira zamankhwala | Mankhwala ena amatha kukulitsa kapena kuchepetsa kufunika kwa insulin. Awa ndi mankhwala a mahomoni, antidepressants, mapiritsi othandizira matenda oopsa. Ma blocker a Beta amatha kuchepetsa zizindikiro za hypoglycemia, ndikupangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuzizindikira. Zakumwa zoledzeretsa ndizoletsedwa ndi NovoRapid, popeza imakulitsa kwambiri kubwezeretsa kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga. |
| Malamulo ndi nthawi yosungirako | Malinga ndi malangizowo, insulini yosagwiritsidwa ntchito imasungidwa mufiriji yomwe imatha kusunga kutentha kwa 2-8 ° C. Makatoni - mkati mwa miyezi 24, ma syringe zolembera - miyezi 30. Ma CD oyambira amatha kusungidwa kutentha kwa milungu inayi. Aspart amawonongeka padzuwa pamtunda wotsika 2 mpaka 35 digiri. |
Chifukwa chakuti NovoRapid amamva kwambiri malo osungirako, odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kupeza zida zapadera zozizira kuti aziyendetsa - onani nkhani yokhudza izi. Insulin singagulidwe ndi zolengeza, chifukwa mankhwala owonongeka sangakhale osiyana ndi abwinobwino.
Mtengo wapakati wa NovoRapid insulin:
- Makatoni: 1690 rub. pa paketi lililonse, ma ruble 113. pa 1 ml.
- Mapensulo a syringe: 1750 rub. phukusi lililonse, ma ruble 117. pa 1 ml.
Malangizo othandiza pakugwiritsa ntchito NovoRapida
Tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane momwe mungapangire NovoRapid moyenera momwe ntchito yake iyambira ndikutha, momwe ma insulin sangathe kugwira ntchito, omwe mankhwalawa amafunika kuphatikizidwa.
Novorapid (Flekspen ndi Penfill) - mankhwalawa amachita mwachangu kwambiri
Gulu la mankhwala
NovoRapid amaonedwa ngati insulin yotsalira-yochepa. Kutsitsa kwa shuga pambuyo pa kayendetsedwe ake kumawonedwa kale kuposa momwe mumagwiritsira ntchito Humulin, Actrapid ndi fanizo lawo. Kukhazikikako kumakhala pakati pa mphindi 10 mpaka 20 jekeseni. Nthawi imatengera machitidwe a munthu wodwala matenda ashuga, makulidwe a minofu ya subcutaneous pamalo a jakisoni ndi magazi ake. Kuchuluka kwake ndi maora 1-3 pambuyo pa jekeseni. Amaba jakisoni wa NovoRapid Mphindi 10 asanadye. Chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwambiri, nthawi yomweyo amachotsa shuga omwe akubwera, kuti asadziunjike m'magazi.
Nthawi zambiri, aspart imagwiritsidwa ntchito molumikizana ndi insulin yayitali komanso yapakati. Ngati munthu wodwala matenda ashuga ali ndi pampu ya insulin, amangofunika mahomoni achidule.
Nthawi yogwira
Poyerekeza ndi ma insulins afupiafupi, NovoRapid amachita zochepa, pafupifupi maola 4. Nthawi ino ndikokwanira kuti shuga onse kuchokera pachakudyacho adutsenso kulowa m'magazi, kenako ndikulowetsa minofu. Chifukwa chofulumira, pambuyo pakukhazikitsa kwa mahomoni, kuchepa kwa hypoglycemia sikuchitika, makamaka koopsa usiku.
Magazi a m'magazi amayesedwa patadutsa maola 4 jekeseni kapena chakudya chotsatira. Mlingo wotsatira wa mankhwalawa sagwiritsidwa kale kuposa momwe umatha, ngakhale wodwala matenda ashuga akhale ndi shuga wambiri.
Malamulo oyambira
Ndikotheka kubaya inshuwaransi ya NovoRapid pogwiritsa ntchito cholembera, pampu ndi syringe yokhazikika ya insulin. Imaperekedwa pokhapokha. Jakisoni wammodzi wosazungulira si wowopsa, koma Mlingo wokhazikika wa insulin umatha kupereka zotsatira zosayembekezereka, nthawi zambiri zimathamanga, koma osakhalitsa.
Malinga ndi malangizo, kuchuluka kwa insulini patsiku, kuphatikiza yayitali, sikudutsa gawo limodzi pa kilogalamu ya kulemera. Ngati nambalayo ndi yayikulupo, muyenera kufunsa dokotala, chifukwa izi zitha kuwonetsa kuvutitsidwa kwa carbohydrate, kukulitsa insulin, njira yolakwika ya jakisoni, komanso mankhwala osayenera. Mlingo watsiku ndi tsiku sungathe kubayidwa nthawi imodzi, chifukwa izi zingayambitse kutsika kwa shuga. Mlingo umodzi uyenera kuwerengeredwa payokha pachakudya chilichonse. Nthawi zambiri, dongosolo lama mkate limagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwerengera.
Popewa kuwonongeka kwambiri pakhungu ndi minyewa yolumikizira malo a jakisoni, NovoRapid insulin iyenera kukhala kokha kutentha kutentha, ndipo singano ikhale yatsopano nthawi iliyonse. Tsamba la jakisoni likusintha nthawi zonse, khungu lomwelo limatha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pakatha masiku atatu ndipo pokhapokha ngati palibe jekeseni yemwe watsala. Kuyamwa kofulumira kwambiri ndi mawonekedwe a khoma lamkati lamkati. Muli m'dera mozungulira navel ndi ma rolling mbali ndipo ndikofunika kuti mupeze insulin yayifupi.
Musanagwiritse ntchito njira zatsopano zoyambira, zolembera kapena mapampu, muyenera kuphunzira malangizo kuti mugwiritse ntchito mwatsatanetsatane. Nthawi yoyamba imakhala yambiri kuposa nthawi zonse kuyeza shuga. Kuti mukhale otsimikiza pamtundu woyenera wa malonda, zonse zomwe ziyenera kuyenera kukhala zotayidwa kwambiri. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo mobwerezabwereza kuli kowopsa ndi chiwopsezo cha mavuto.
Zochita
Ngati kuchuluka kwa insulin sikugwira, ndipo hyperglycemia imatha, imatha kuthetsedwa pokhapokha maola 4. Asanayambitse gawo lotsatira la insulin, muyenera kukhazikitsa chifukwa chomwe sichinagwire ntchito.
Itha kukhala:
- Katundu wopera kapena malo osungira osayenera. Ngati mankhwalawa aiwalika padzuwa, chisanu, kapena kwakhala kutentha kwa nthawi yayitali popanda thumba lamafuta, botolo liyenera kulowedwa ndi watsopano kuchokera mufiriji. Njira yowonongeka imatha kukhala pamtambo, pomwe masamba amayatsidwa mkati. Kupanga kwamakristali pansi ndi makhoma.
- Jekeseni wolakwika, mlingo wowerengera. Kubweretsa mtundu wina wa insulin: yayitali m'malo mwa yochepa.
- Kuwonongeka kwa cholembera, singano yopanda vuto. Kukula kwa singano kumayendetsedwa ndikufinya dontho la yankho kuchokera ku syringe. Kugwira kwa cholembera sikungayang'anitsidwe, kotero, imasinthidwa pakukayikira koyamba kwa kuphwanya. Munthu wodwala matenda ashuga nthawi zonse ayenera kukhala ndi insulin yowonjezera.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito pampu kungatsekeke kulowetsedwa. Pankhaniyi, iyenera m'malo m'malo mwake. Pompo limachenjeza za kusweka kwina ndi chizindikiro chomveka kapena uthenga wapamwamba.
Kuchulukitsa kwa NovoRapid insulin kumatha kuwonedwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kumwa mowa kwambiri, chiwindi chosakwanira komanso ntchito ya impso.
Kusintha NovoRapida Levemir
NovoRapid ndi Levemir ndi mankhwala omwe amapanga omwe ali ndi zotsatira zosiyana. Kodi pali kusiyana kotani: Levemir ndi insulin yayitali, imaperekedwa mpaka 2 pa tsiku kuti ipangitse kubisalira kwa secretion ya mahomoni a base.
NovoRapid kapena Levemir? NovoRapid ndi ultrashort, yofunikira kuti muchepetse shuga mutatha kudya. Palibe pokhapokha wina atha kulowa m'malo mwa wina, izi zimatsogolera ku hyper- ndipo, patatha maola ochepa, ku hypoglycemia.
Matenda a shuga amafunikira chithandizo chovuta, kuti shuga asapangidwe, onse ma nthawi yayitali komanso amafupikitsa. NovoRapid insulin nthawi zambiri imaphatikizidwa ndendende ndi Levemir, popeza kulumikizana kwawo kwaphunziridwa bwino.
Analogi
Pakadali pano, NovoRapid insulin ndi mankhwala okhawo a ultrashort ku Russia okhala ndi aspart ngati chinthu chogwira ntchito. Mu 2017, Novo Nordisk adakhazikitsa insulin yatsopano, Fiasp, ku United States, Canada ndi Europe. Kuphatikiza pa aspart, ilinso ndi zinthu zina, zomwe zimapangitsa zochita zake kukhala zachangu komanso zokhazikika. Insulin yotereyi ingathandize kuthana ndi vuto la shuga wambiri mutatha chakudya chokhala ndi chakudya chambiri. Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ndi anthu odwala matenda ashuga osakhala ndi vuto losakhazikika, chifukwa mahomoni awa amatha kuphatikizidwa ndikangodya, powerengetsa zomwe zidyedwa. Sizotheka kugula izo ku Russia, koma ndikulamula kuchokera kumaiko ena, mtengo wake umakhala wokwera kwambiri kuposa wa NovoRapid, pafupifupi ma ruble 8500. kunyamula.
Ma analogu a NovoRapid omwe ndi ma Humalog ndi Apidra ma insulins. Mbiri yawo ya zochita imangofanana, ngakhale kuti zinthu zomwe sizigwirizana ndizosiyana. Kusintha insulini kukhala analogue ndikofunikira pokhapokha ngati thupi lanu siligwirizana ndi mtundu winawake, popeza kulocha kumafuna kusankha kwa mankhwala ndipo kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwakanthawi kwa glycemia.
Mimba
Kafukufuku wachipatala awonetsa kuti NovoRapid insulin siyowopsa ndipo siyikhudza kukula kwa mwana wosabadwayo, motero amaloledwa kuigwiritsa ntchito panthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati. Malinga ndi malangizo, pakubala kwa mwana yemwe ali ndi matenda a shuga, kusinthanso kwa mankhwalawa kumafunikira: kuchepa kwa trimester 1, kuchuluka kwa 2 ndi 3. Panthawi yobereka, insulini imafunikira zochepa, pambuyo pobala mwana nthawi zambiri amabwerera pamankhwala omwe amawerengedwa asanachitike pakati.
Aspart simalowa mkaka, chifukwa chake kuyamwitsa sikungavulaze mwana.
