Matenda a shuga ndi matenda omwe mawonekedwe ake akulu ndi shuga wamagazi. Pathology imagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuperewera kwa insulin (mtundu 1 matenda) kapena kuphwanya kachitidwe kake (mtundu 2).
Ndi kukula kwa matenda ashuga, moyo wa anthu odwala ukuchepa. Wodwala matenda a shuga amataya kusuntha, onani, kulumikizana. Ndi mitundu yoopsa kwambiri ya matendawa, kuyang'ana pang'ono pakapita nthawi, malo amasokonezedwa ngakhale.
Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda umapezeka mwa okalamba ndipo, monga lamulo, wodwala aliyense wachitatu amaphunzira za matenda ake kale motsutsana ndi mawonekedwe a zovuta kapena zovuta. Odwala amadziwa kuti matenda ashuga ndi osachiritsika, motero amayesetsa kukhalabe ndi chiphuphu chokwanira.
Kuvutika ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri ndi funso lomwe limafunsidwa pafupipafupi pakati pa odwalawo, abale, odwala ndi madokotala. Aliyense ali ndi chidwi ndi funso loti mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga umapereka olumala, ndipo ngati ndi choncho, ungapezeke bwanji. Zambiri pa nkhaniyi.
Pafupifupi mtundu 2 shuga
Njira yamatendawa imadziwika ndi insulin kukaniza, ndiye kuti, momwe ma cell ndi minofu ya thupi la munthu imasiya kuyankha machitidwe a pancreatic hormone insulin. Amapangidwa ndikuponyedwa mumtsempha wamagazi ochuluka, koma "samawonedwa."
Njira ya insulin katulutsidwe
Poyamba, chitsulo chimayesetsa kulipirira mkhalidwewo mwa kupanga zinthu zina zokhala ndi mahomoni ambiri. Pambuyo pake, magwiridwe antchito amatha, mahomoni amapangidwa pang'ono.
Matenda a 2 a shuga amawoneka ngati matenda wamba, owerengera oposa 80% onse a "matenda okoma". Amakula, monga lamulo, patatha zaka 40-45, pafupipafupi motsutsana ndi maziko amomwe thupi limagwirira ntchito kapena kudwala.
Wodwala amapatsidwa liti olumala?
Matenda a shuga a Type 2 a shuga ndiwotheka, koma pamenepa wodwalayo ayenera kukwaniritsa njira zina zomwe zimayesedwa ndi mamembala a akatswiri azaumoyo ndi azaumoyo:
- kugwira ntchito - kuthekera kwa munthu samangotengera zochitika zokhazokha, komanso njira yina yosavuta yogwirira ntchito;
- kuthekera kosuntha mosadalira - ena odwala matenda ashuga chifukwa chovuta m'matumbo amafunika kudulidwa mbali imodzi kapena mbali zonse ziwiri;
- kusunthika kwakanthawi, malo - zovuta mitundu yamatenda imayendera limodzi ndi zovuta zamaganizidwe;
- kuthekera kolumikizana ndi anthu ena;
- kuchuluka kwa thupi, kuchuluka kwake pobwezeretsera, zikuyang'anira zolemba, etc.
Zofunika! Kuwona momwe odwala alili malinga ndi njira zomwe zili pamwambapa, akatswiri amadziwa kuti ndi gulu liti lomwe limayikidwa m'thupi lililonse.
Akatswiri a MSEC - gulu la madokotala oyenerera omwe asankha kukhazikitsa kulumala
Makhalidwe A Gulu
Pali magulu atatu olumala, omwe amodzi amatha kupezeka ndi anthu odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi matenda a 2.
Gulu loyamba
Gawoli liperekedwa kwa wodwala pazinthu zotsatirazi:
Kodi matenda ashuga angachiritsidwe kumayambiriro?- matenda am'mawu ophatikizira, ophatikizidwa ndi kuchepa kwamphamvu kwa masomphenya kapena kutayika kwathunthu m'maso amodzi kapena onse;
- kuwonongeka kwa chapakati mantha dongosolo, kuwonetsedwa ndi kupatuka kwamisala, kusokonezeka kwa chikumbumtima, kulunjika;
- neuropathy, limodzi ndi ziwalo, ataxia;
- CRF gawo 4-5;
- kulephera kwamtima kwambiri;
- kuchepa kwakukulu kwa shuga m'magazi, mobwerezabwereza.
Monga lamulo, odwala matenda ashuga oterewa samayenda osathandizidwa, amadwala matenda a dementia, ndipo zimawavuta kulankhulana ndi ena. Ambiri amakhala ndi zokumbira zam'munsi, kuti siziyenda zokha.
Gulu lachiwiri
Kupeza gulu la olumala ndikotheka muzochitika zotsatirazi:
- kuwonongeka kwa maso, koma osati koopsa monga kulumala kwa gulu 1;
- matenda ashuga encephalopathy;
- Kulephera kwa impso, kuphatikiza ndi kuyeretsa magazi kochokera muukadaulo kapena opaleshoni yachiberekero cha ziwalo;
- kuwonongeka kwa zotumphukira zamanjenje, kuwonetsedwa ndi paresis, kuphwanya kwaphokoso kwa chidwi;
- zoletsa pakutha kuyendayenda, kulankhulana, kutumizidwa palokha.
Zofunika! Odwala m'gululi amafunikira thandizo, koma safunikira maola 24 patsiku, monga momwe zinalili poyamba.
Kugwiritsa ntchito zothandizira kuti musunthe ndi chizindikiro cha kulumala komanso kufunikira kwa thandizo kuchokera kumbali yachiwiri
Gulu lachitatu
Kukhazikitsidwa kwa mtundu uwu wa olumala m'matenda a shuga ndikotheka ndi zovuta zamatenda, pamene odwala sangathe kugwira ntchito yawo yanthawi zonse. Akatswiri azachipatala komanso akatswiri azaumoyo amati odwala matenda ashuga otere amasintha momwe amagwiridwira ntchito kuti azigwira ntchito mosavuta.
Kodi njira yokhazikitsira kulemala ndikuti?
Choyamba, wodwalayo ayenera kulandira kutumizidwa ku MSEC. Chikalatachi chimaperekedwa ndi a zachipatala pomwe odwala matendawa amawonera. Wodwala ngati ali ndi ziphaso zakuphwanya ntchito za ziwalo ndi machitidwe a thupi, munthu wotetezedwa ndi ena atha kuperekanso chilolezo.
Ngati achipatala akukana kupereka zofunsira, munthu amapatsidwa satifiketi yomwe angathe kudzipangira yekha kuECEC. Pankhaniyi, funso lokhazikitsa gulu lolumala limachitika ndi njira ina.
Kenako, wodwala amatenga zikalata zofunika. Mndandandandawu umaphatikizapo:
- kukopera ndi chiphaso choyambirira;
- kutumiza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mabungwe a MSEC;
- kukopera ndi choyambirira cha buku la ntchito;
- lingaliro la adotolo wopeza ndi zotsatira zonse za mayeso ofunikira;
- kutsiriza kwa kuyang'ana kwa akatswiri opapatiza (dokotala wa opaleshoni, ophthalmologist, neuropathologist, nephrologist);
- khadi la wodwala.
Dokotala wopezekapo ndi wothandizira kupeza gulu lolumala
Ngati wodwala adalandira kulumala, akatswiri kuchokera ku bungwe lazachipatala ndi akatswiri amachitidwe akupanga pulogalamu yapadera yokonzanso munthu uyu. Ndizovomerezeka kwa nthawi kuyambira pomwe chilema chikhazikitsidwa mpaka kukonzenso.
Ubwino wa odwala matenda ashuga
Osatengera chifukwa chomwe mkhalidwe wamavuto unakhazikitsidwa, odwala ali ndi mwayi wothandizidwa ndi boma ndi maubwino m'magulu otsatirawa:
- kukonza njira;
- chisamaliro chaulere chachipatala;
- kupanga malo abwino okhala;
- subsidies;
- mayendedwe aulere kapena otsika mtengo;
- chithandizo cha spa.
Ana, monga lamulo, ali ndi matenda omwe amadalira insulin. Amalandira kulumala pakufika paukalamba, pokhapokha ngati ali ndi zaka 18 amayambiranso.
Milandu yachitukuko cha mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga mu ana amadziwika. Poterepa, mwana amalandila thandizo la boma mwanjira zolipila pamwezi.
Odwala ali ndi ufulu kamodzi pachaka kumasula spa chithandizo. Dokotala wothandizila amakupatsani mankhwala ofunikira, a insulin (munthawi ya insulin), ma syringe, ubweya wa thonje, bandeji. Monga lamulo, kukonzekera koteroko kumaperekedwa m'mabizinesi aboma mokwanira okwanira masiku 30 ochizira.
Mndandanda wazopindulitsa ukuphatikiza mankhwala otsatirawa, omwe amaperekedwa kwaulere:
- mankhwala amkamwa hypoglycemic;
- insulin;
- phospholipids;
- mankhwala omwe amasintha magwiridwe antchito a kapamba (ma enzymes);
- mavitamini ma protein;
- mankhwala omwe amabwezeretsa metabolic njira;
- thrombolytics (owonda magazi);
- mtima (mankhwala a mtima);
- okodzetsa.
Zofunika! Kuphatikiza apo, anthu olumala m'magulu aliwonse amayenera kulandira penshoni, kuchuluka kwake komwe kumavomerezedwa ndi malamulo malinga ndi gulu lomwe lilipo.
Ndalama zoperekedwa kuchokera ku boma ndi gawo limodzi lothandizira odwala matenda ashuga
Momwe mungayambire kudwala matenda ashuga ndi funso lomwe nthawi zonse mumatha kufunsa ndi a endocrinologist kapena katswiri wa bungwe la MSEC.
Ndili ndi lingaliro lomwe sindingakane: njira zopezera kulemala imatengedwa ngati njira yayitali, komabe ndikoyenera kukwaniritsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa kulumala. Aliyense wodwala matenda ashuga samayenera kungodziwa za ntchito zake (kuti akwaniritse ngongole), komanso za maufulu ndi mapindu ake.
