Vuto lalikulu la matenda ashuga ndi kukomoka kwa magazi. Ichi ndiye chikhalidwe chomwe chikuwonjezera kuchepa kwa insulin mthupi komanso kuchepa kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa shuga. Chikomokere chimatha kukhala ndi mtundu uliwonse wa matenda ashuga, komabe, zochitika za kupezeka kwa matenda ashuga 2 ndizosowa kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, kukomoka kwa matenda ashuga kumachitika chifukwa cha matenda a shuga 1 - odalira insulin.
Zifukwa
Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chikumbumtima chisachitike:
- matenda ashuga a shuga;
- chithandizo chosayenera;
- mwadzidzidzi makonzedwe a insulin kapena kuyambitsa osakwanira mlingo;
- kuphwanya zakudya;
- kumwa mankhwala ena monga prenisone kapena diuretics.
Kuphatikiza apo, pali zinthu zingapo zakunja zomwe zimayambitsa kupangika kwa ma sema zimatha kusiyanitsidwa - matenda osiyanasiyana opatsirana ndi wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo, kuchitapo kanthu kwa opaleshoni, kupsinjika, komanso kuvutika m'maganizo. Izi ndichifukwa choti ndi zotupa m'mthupi kapena kuwonjezeka kwa nkhawa, kumwa kwa insulini kumawonjezeka kwambiri, komwe sikuti nthawi zonse kumaganiziridwa mukamawerenga kuchuluka kwa insulin.
Zofunika! Ngakhale kusintha kwa mtundu wina wa insulini kupita ku wina kumatha kupangitsa kuti muwoneke matenda a hyperglycemic, chifukwa chake ndi bwino kuisintha moyang'aniridwa ndikuwonetsetsa momwe thupi liliri kwakanthawi. Ndipo musalole kuti muzigwiritsa ntchito insulini yozizira kapena itatha!
Mimba komanso kubala mwana ndizinthu zomwe zingayambitsenso vuto lofananalo. Ngati mayi woyembekezera ali ndi mtundu wina wa matenda a shuga, omwe samawaganizira, chikomokere chimatha kupha onse mayi ndi mwana. Ngati kupezeka kwa matenda osokoneza bongo kunapangidwa musanakhale ndi pakati, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa matenda anu, afotokozere aliyense dokotala wazachipatala ndikuwunika shuga.
Kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 2, kupindika, kuchepa kwa magazi, kumayambitsidwa ndi matenda omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi kapamba, mwachitsanzo, kapamba ka kapamba. Izi zimabweretsa kuti insulini, yopangidwa moperewera, imakhala yocheperako - chifukwa, zovuta zimatha kubuka.
Gulu lamavuto
Vutoli ndilowopsa kwambiri, koma osati nthawi zonse kukhala zovuta. Gulu lachiwopsezo limaphatikizapo - odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osachiritsika, opaleshoni, wokhala ndi pakati.
Chiwopsezo cha kukhala chikomokere mu hyperglycemic chimachulukitsidwa kwambiri kwa iwo omwe amakonda kuphwanya zakudya zomwe amapatsidwa kapena osapeputsa mlingo wa insulin womwe umayendetsedwa. Kumwa mowa kwambiri kumayambitsanso kukomoka.
Zidadziwika kuti hyperglycemic coma sikamayamba kwa odwala okalamba, komanso kwa iwo onenepa kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, izi zimawonekera mu ana (nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha kuphwanya kwakukulu kwa zakudya, zomwe nthawi zambiri makolo siziwakayikira) kapena odwala adakali aang'ono komanso nthawi yayitali. Pafupifupi 30% ya odwala matenda a shuga ali ndi zizindikiro zamatsenga.
Zizindikiro za chikomokere
Hyperglycemic coma imayamba patangopita maola ochepa, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale masiku. Zizindikiro za chikomokomo chikubwera pang'onopang'ono. Zizindikiro zoyambirira ndi:
- ludzu losagwedezeka, kamwa yowuma;
- polyuria;
- kusanza, kusanza
- Khungu;
- Zizindikiro wamba za kuledzera - kufooka, mutu wowonjezereka, kutopa.
Ngati pali chizindikiro chimodzi, onani mwachangu kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Pokhala pafupi ndi chikomokere, chimatha kufika 33 mmol / L ndi kupitilira. Choyipa chachikulu mdziko lino ndikuchisokoneza ndi poyizoni wazakudya wamba, popanda kugwirizana ndi hyperglycemia. Izi zimabweretsa kuti nthawi yomwe ikufunika kuchitapo kanthu kuti vuto la chikomokere laphwanyidwe ndiye kuti mavuto akuchitika.
Ngati palibe njira zomwe zatengedwa kuti mufotokoze kuchuluka kwa insulin, zizindikirazo zimasintha, amayamba: m'malo mwa polyuria - anuria, kusanza kumakulirakulira, kumachitika mobwerezabwereza, koma sikukupatsa mpumulo. Fungo la acetone limatuluka mkamwa. Ululu pamimba umatha kukhala osiyanasiyana mosiyanasiyana - kuchokera kupweteka mpaka kupweteka. Pali matenda otsekula m'mimba kapena kudzimbidwa amakula, ndipo wodwala adzafunika kuthandizidwa.
Gawo lomaliza musanachitike chikomokere, khungu limakhala louma komanso lozizira, kusuntha, kutentha kwa thupi. Kamvekedwe ka mawonekedwe amaso kumagwa - akamapanikizidwa, amakhala ngati ofewa, khungu turgor limachepetsedwa. Pali tachycardia, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumatsika.
Kupuma kwamkokomo kwa Kussmaul kumadziwika ndi kupuma kocheperako komwe kumachitika ndi kamphepo kamphamvu komanso kamphamvu kwambiri. Fungo la acetone popuma. Lilime ndi louma, lopakidwa ndi zokutira. Zitachitika izi kukomoka kowona - munthu ataya chikumbumtima, samayankha chifukwa chakunja.
Mlingo wa chitukuko cha hyperglycemic coma nthawi zonse umakhala payekhapayekha. Nthawi zambiri, precoma imatenga masiku 2-3. Ngati achipatala sanaperekedwe kuchipatala, amwalira mkati mwa maola 24 kutatsala nthawi yoyamba ya kupuma.
Matenda a shuga - njira
Mfundo yayikulu pakukula kwa chikomokere ndi kuphwanya kwa ma cellular metabolism chifukwa chakuchulukitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi am'magazi.
Kuchuluka kwa glucose komanso kuperewera kwa insulin kumapangitsa kuti ma cell a thupi sangathe kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zakusokonekera kwa glucose ndikumva mphamvu ya "mphamvu". Pofuna kupewa izi, kagayidwe ka maselo amasintha - kuchokera ku shuga, amasinthira njira yopanda glucose yopangira mphamvu, kapena, ndendende, kuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni ndi mafuta ku glucose kumayamba. Izi zimathandizira kuti pakhale kuchuluka kwazinthu zingapo zowonongeka, chimodzi mwazo ndi matupi a ketone. Mankhwalawa ndi oopsa ndipo nthawi zina kukhalapo kwawo kumayambitsa kusangalala, komanso kudzikundikira kwawo - kupha thupi, kupsinjika kwa mtima ndi ubongo. Mokulira kuchuluka kwa hyperglycemia ndi matupi a ketone ochulukirapo - amalimbitsa thupi ndi zotsatirapo za chikomokere.
Mankhwala amakono amapereka mitsempha yoyesa kuti mupeze matupi a ketone mumkodzo. Ndizomveka kuzigwiritsa ntchito ngati mulingo wa glucose m'magazi upitilira 13mm mmol / l, komanso matenda omwe angayambitse kusanza. Mamita ena a glucose m'magazi ali ndi ntchito yofufuza matupi a ketone.
Thandizo lodzidzimutsa la odwala matenda ashuga
Ngati pali umboni wa kuyamba kwa chikomokere, ndikofunikira kuperekera insulin mosadukiza - maola awiri ndi atatu, malingana ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, kuwongolera kwa shuga pamaola 2 aliwonse. Zakudya zamafuta ochulukirapo ziyenera kukhala zochepa chabe. Onetsetsani kuti mumamwa potaziyamu ndi magnesium, kumwa madzi amchere amchere - izi zitha kupewa hyperacidosis.
Ngati zizindikiro sizinasinthe pambuyo pobayira jakisoni kawiri, ndipo matendawa sanakhazikike kapena kuipiraipira, ndiye kuti muyenera thandizo la kuchipatala. Kuyendera dokotala ndikofunikira ngakhale cholembera cha insulin chikagwiritsidwa ntchito ndipo izi zimathandizira kukhazikitsa bata. Katswiriyu athandizira kumvetsetsa zomwe zimayambitsa kupsinjika ndikupereka chithandizo chokwanira.
Ngati wodwalayo ali ndi vuto lalikulu ndipo watsala ndi chikumbumtima, chithandizo chofunikira chimafunikira. Ndikotheka kuchotsa wodwala ku chikomokere chokhala ndi zotsatirapo zochepa chifukwa chakuchipatala.
Ma ambulansi isanafike, mutha kupereka thandizo:
- ikani wodwala mbali imodzi kuti muchepetse kutsata komanso lilime;
- kutentha kapena kuphimba ndi zotenthetsa;
- kuwongolera kugunda kwa mtima ndi kupumira;
- mukasiya kupuma kapena palpitations, yambani kuyambiranso - kupuma movutikira kapena kutikita minofu yamtima.
Magawo atatu "OSATI" m'dongosolo loyamba!
- Simungasiye wodwala yekha.
- Simungamulepheretse kupereka insulin, ponena za izi ngati zochita zosakwanira.
- Simungakane kuyimba ambulansi, ngakhale vutolo litakhazikika.
Hyperglycemic Coma Prevention
Pofuna kuti thupi lisabweretse zovuta ngati chikomokere, ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo osavuta: kutsatira chakudya nthawi zonse, kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, ndikuwongolera insulin panthawi yake.
Zofunika! Onetsetsani kuti mukusamala ndi alumali moyo wa insulin. Simungagwiritse ntchito ntchito!
Ndikwabwino kupewa kupsinjika ndi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Matenda opatsirana aliwonse amathandizidwa.
Makolo a ana omwe amapezeka ndi matenda amtundu woyamba ayenera kuyang'anira kwambiri kuwonetsetsa momwe amadyera zakudya. Nthawi zambiri, mwana amaphwanya chakudyacho mobisa kwa makolo ake - ndibwino kufotokozera pasadakhale zotsatira zonse za khalidweli.
Anthu athanzi amafunika kuwunika kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, ngati kuli kwina, onetsetsani kuti mukumane ndi endocrinologist.
Kukonzanso pambuyo pa chikomokere kapena mtundu
Pambuyo pamavuto akulu kwambiri monga chikomokere, chisamaliro chambiri chikuyenera kulipidwa nthawi yakukonzanso. Wodwala akachoka kuchipatala, ndikofunikira kuti pakhale zonse zomwe angachite kuti achire kwathunthu.
Choyamba, tsatirani malangizo onse a dokotala. Izi zimagwiranso ntchito pazakudya ndi moyo. Ngati ndi kotheka, siyani zizolowezi zoyipa.
Kachiwiri, pangani kusowa kwa mavitamini, michere ndi micro yambiri yotayika panthawi yokhayo. Tengani mavitamini, osatengera kuchuluka, komanso kuchuluka kwa chakudya.
Ndipo, chomaliza, musataye mtima, musataye mtima ndikuyesera kusangalala tsiku lililonse. Kupatula apo, matenda ashuga si sentensi, ndi njira chabe ya moyo.
