Mawonekedwe a maphunzirowa, komanso njira za kupezeka kwake, chithandizo chake komanso njira zodzitchinjiriza tidzakambirana zambiri.
Kodi matenda a shuga a lada (latent, latent) ndi chiyani?
Matenda a shuga l shuga ndi shuga mwa akulu, komwe ndi njira ya chilengedwe ya autoimmune.Zizindikiro zake ndi koyamba kofanana ndi matenda a shuga a 2, koma mu etiology amayandikira koyambirira, popeza thupi limatulutsa ma antibodies ku ziwengo za beta ndi zikondwerero za glutamate decarboxylase.
Chiyambi cha autoimmune cha lada - matenda a shuga amatanthauza kulephera, zomwe zimayambitsa kulimbana kwa chitetezo chamthupi ndi thupi lake, makamaka, ndi kapamba wake.
Zotsatira zake, thupi limalephera kugwira ntchito moyenera ndikuchita ntchito zake mokwanira.
Kusiyana ndi matenda ashuga
Chifukwa chake, chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a shuga a shuga ndi matenda a autoimmune, chifukwa chake, mwa njira zopangira chitukuko, zimafanana kwambiri ndi mtundu 1 shuga. Ena a endocrinologists nthawi zambiri amati matenda abwinobwino a shuga a mtundu woyambirira, wodalira insulin, chifukwa chakuti matenda obisika amatchulidwa ngati 1.5.
Komabe, malinga ndi chipatalachi, mitundu 1 ndi 1.5 ndizosiyana kwambiri, mwachitsanzo, mosiyana ndi mtundu 1, wokhala ndi matenda a shuga:
- Mkhalidwe wamatumbo umayamba pang'onopang'ono, ndikusinthana kwa nthawi yayikulu komanso yotsika insulin. Zizindikiro zake zimakhala zofatsa. Mawonetsero oyamba owonekera amatha kuchitika pakati pazaka zapakati.
- Nthawi zambiri pamakhala palibe zizindikiro za matenda ashuga monga ludzu, kuchuluka kwa thupi, kuchepa thupi, ketoacidosis, ndi zina zambiri.
Kusiyana pakati pa matenda am'mbuyomu ndi mitundu yachiwiri ya matenda ndi awa:
- kusowa kwa kunenepa kwambiri;
- kufunika kwa insulin makonzedwe omwe amapezeka patapita nthawi (mpaka zaka 6);
- antibodies anti-GAD, IAA, ICA amapezeka m'magazi, kutsimikizira mtundu wa autoimmune mwanjira;
- kuchuluka kwa C-peptides kuli pansipa 0.6 nmol / l, komwe kumawonetsa kuchepa kwa insulin;
- kuzindikiritsa kumawonetsa kukhalapo kwa magazi a zilembo za matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin 1 (HLA alleles). Kusanthula koteroko sikuchitika ndi malo onse antchito, koma ndikofunikira pakuchotsa nkhani zotsutsana kufunikira kuti mudziwe ngati ali ndi vutoli.
- mkhalidwewo umalipidwa pang'onopang'ono ndi mapiritsi ochepetsa shuga.
Magulu owopsa
matenda a shuga a lada amapezeka ndi pafupipafupi 2 mpaka 15% mwa odwala omwe ali ndi shuga a 2 komanso onenepa kwambiri. Mu odwala matenda ashuga amtunduwu ndi kulemera kwabwino, mitundu ya autoimmune imalembetsedwa pafupifupi 50% yamilandu.
Madokotala apanga njira zisanu zothandizira ngozi ya lada-matenda:
- zaka zopezeka matenda a matenda ashuga zafika zaka 50;
- pachimake koyamba nthawi yokhala ndi zizindikiro monga diuresis yopitilira malita 2 patsiku, ludzu losalekeza, kutsika kwakumveka konse;
- kusowa kwa zizindikiro za kunenepa;
- kukhalapo kwa vuto la autoimmune monga nyamakazi, Hashimoto thyroiditis, cardiomyopathy, vitiligo ndi zina;
- kukhalapo kwa abale apamtima a matenda amtundu wotsimikiza mtima.
Ngati 1 mwa 5 mwa zisonyezozo zikupezeka, ndiye kuti mwayi wodwala matenda a shuga wokhala mtsogolo ungakhale m'dera la 1%. Pakakhala zizindikiro ziwiri kapena zingapo, kuthekera kwake kumawonjezeka mpaka 90% ndipo madokotala amalimbikitsa kuti adziwe ngati ali ndi matendawa.
Zizindikiro
Matenda a shuga obisika sasiyanitsidwa ndi zizindikiro zapadera. Nthawi zambiri, amadziwonetsa yekha ndi chizindikiro chachiwiri cha matenda ashuga.
Koma powona kuti mitundu ya lada imangotanthauzira gawo loyambira, mawonetsedwe monga:
- kumangokhala wotopa;
- Kukhumudwa
- kupsinjika mtima kwakanthawi;
- njala yosatha.
Komanso zichitike:
- mavuto ndi khungu - kuuma ndi kusenda, kupezeka kwa zilonda ndi zotupa,
- magazi m`kamwa ndi mano otayirira;
- kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kuchokera pa 5.6 mpaka 6.2 mmol / l;
- kukanika kwa erectile mwa amuna ndi kusowa kwa chilakolako chogonana mwa akazi;
- kuchepa kwa chidwi cha zala ndi madera ena khungu.
Zizindikiro zotere zimatha kukhala zopitilira zaka 5, kenako matenda a shuga obwera pambuyo pake amadwala.
Zizindikiro za matenda omwe apezeka pa nthawi yake zimawonjezera mwayi wopewa kufalikira. Kuchiza moyenera sikulola kuti mawonekedwe apangidwe akhale othandizira, komanso kuchepetsa pang'onopang'ono chitukuko chake.
Zizindikiro
Pofuna kufotokozera za matenda omwe amamuganizira kuti ali ndi matenda am'mimba, mitundu yotsatirayi yazomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito;
- kuyezetsa magazi kwa ma antibodies kuma enzyme glutamate decarboxylase, omwe kapamba wa endocrine amapanga. Zotsatira zoyipa zimatanthawuza chiopsezo chochepa cha matenda a shuga anyamata;
- kusanthula kwa kuchuluka kwa C-peptides a kapamba. Ndili ndi matenda abwinobwino a shuga, ndizocheperako pang'ono.
Kuti mumvetse bwino za matendawa, gwiritsani ntchito:
- "prednisone" kuyesa, komwe kumakupatsani mwayi wololera glucose;
- kuyezetsa kwa Staub-Traugott, magazi akamamwa pamimba yopanda kanthu amayesedwa kwa maola angapo pogwiritsa ntchito kukonzanso ndi dextropur.
Chithandizo cha matenda am'mbuyomu
Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga a mellitus amatanthauza kukakamiza kwa insulin.
Kupititsa patsogolo kumvetsetsa kwa zotumphukira zopanga ndi minofu yake, mankhwala ochepetsa shuga m'mapiritsi angagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Kuphatikiza apo, glitazones ndi zotumphukira za Biguanide zimayikidwa.
Zowonjezera zofunikira pazamankhwala oyambira zidzakhala:
- kutsatira malamulo a zopatsa thanzi, kunena kuti zakudya zamafuta ochepa;
- zolimbitsa thupi mokhazikika.
Kupewa
Kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda ashuga, ndikofunikira kuchepetsa zovuta zomwe zimayambitsa matenda:
- kuwongolera kunenepa;
- Nthawi ndi nthawi onani magazi anu. Izi ndizowona makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi chifukwa choganiza kuti akupanga endocrine pathologies, chifukwa cha thanzi lawo kapena kutengera kwa chibadwa;
- Idyani pafupipafupi komanso moyenera, kupewa zakudya zambiri zamatumbo;
- khalani ndi moyo wokangalika;
- khazikitsani chitetezo chamthupi pamulingo woyenera, osayiwala kutenga mavitamini olimbitsa chitetezo chokwanira.
Matenda oopsa a shuga nawonso ndivuto lalikulu kuposa matendawa a mtundu 1 ndi 2. Kungosamala kwambiri zaumoyo wanu ndi kumene kungathandize kuzizindikira munthawi yake ndikuchita zonse zofunika kuti mukhale ndi moyo wautali komanso wachangu.
