Matenda a shuga ndi limodzi mwa matenda omwe mumayang'anitsitsa zakudya zanu. Izi zimagwira makamaka kwa odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda.
Kwa anthu opembedza ambiri, kusala ndi matendawa ndi vuto lalikulu. Izi sizobwera chifukwa chakunyinyirika, koma chifukwa cha nkhawa.
Amangokhala ndi nkhawa kuti malamulo oletsa kudya angawononge thanzi lawo lomwe silinasinthe. Mantha awa samangokhudza anthu achi Orthodox okha, komanso Asilamu. Chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu kwambiri zachipembedzo ichi ndi Uraza ku Ramadan. Kwa mwezi umodzi, anthu ayenera kusala kudya kwachisilamu.
Nthawi imeneyi imaphatikizapo kukana chakudya, chakumwa komanso chibwenzi. Tsoka ilo, kutsatira Korani Yoyera kumatha kusokoneza thanzi la munthu yemwe ali ndi mavuto osiyanasiyana amtundu wa endocrine. Ndiye kodi wodwala ayenera kuchita chiyani ngati pali vuto lalikulu? Kodi matenda ashuga amatha kusungidwa? Nkhani zophunzitsazi ziyankha mafunso awa.
Kodi ndizotheka kusunga uraza mu matenda ashuga?
Malinga ndi Korani, kusala kudya kumayenera kukhala masiku angapo. Komanso, anthu omwe ali ndi kuphwanya kayendedwe ka ziwalo zamkati ndi makina amayenera kusala kudya nthawi yomweyo monga athanzi.
Kusala kudya mu Ramadan kumawerengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwalamulo ofunikira kwambiri kwachipembedzo ichi.
Iyenera kuonedwa ndi Msilamu aliyense wamkulu. Monga mukudziwa, positi imatha kukhala masiku 29 mpaka 30, ndipo tsiku limayamba kusintha malinga ndi nthawi ya chaka. Ngakhale kuli kwina, kutalika kwa udindo woterewu wotchedwa Uraza kukhoza kukhala mpaka maola makumi awiri.
Chomwe kusala kudya kuli motere: Asilamu omwe akusala kudya mu Ramadan amakakamizidwa kukana kwathunthu chakudya, madzi ndi madzi ena, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala apakamwa, kusuta fodya ndi kugonana kuyambira kuyambira mbanda kucha. Pakati pa kulowa kwa dzuwa ndi kutuluka kwa dzuwa (usiku) amaloledwa kutenga chakudya ndi madzi popanda zoletsa zosiyanasiyana.
Akatswiri ena amafotokoza mavuto omwe anthu amakumana nawo omwe amadza chifukwa chomupa.
Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kutchera khutu ku malingaliro angapo ofunikira omwe angathandize kuti thupi likhale lathanzi. Komanso, wodwalayo amamva bwino mwezi wonse.
Pakadali pano, akuyerekeza kuti Asilamu pafupifupi 1.5 biliyoni amakhala padziko lonse lapansi. Ichi ndi kotala cha anthu padziko lapansi. Kafukufuku wokhuza anthu omwe amatchedwa "The Epidemiology of Diabetes ndi Ramadan," omwe akukhudza anthu opitilira 12,000 omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, anapeza kuti pafupifupi theka la odwala amasala kudya nthawi ya Ramadan.
Korani yoyera ikufotokoza kuti odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osiyanasiyana sakhudzidwa konse chifukwa chofunikira kutsatira uraza. Izi zimangogwira ntchito pokhapokha ngati kusala kudya kumatha kubweretsa zotsatira zoyipa komanso zosasinthika. Odwala a Endocrinology amakhalanso m'gulu lino chifukwa matenda ashuga ndi matenda omwe amapangitsa kuti matenda azikhala zosiyanasiyana komanso zovuta kuchuluka kwa chakudya komanso zakumwa zomwe zimalowa mthupi zimasintha kwambiri.
Ngakhale zili choncho, anthu ambiri omwe akudwala matendawa amatsatirabe uraza. Kusankha koteroko kusala nthawi zambiri kumapangidwa osati ndi wodwala, komanso ndi adokotala.
Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la metabolic carbohydrate ndipo madokotala adziwe zoopsa zomwe zingachitike pambuyo pake. Mwapadera kuyenera kulipidwa kuti uraza kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 ndi mtundu wa 2, omwe sangathe kusintha shuga yawo wamagazi, amaphatikizidwa ndi ziwopsezo zambiri.
Palibe munthu wodzilemekeza yemwe angaumirire kuti wodwalayo azisala kudya. Zovuta zazikulu za matenda ashuga nthawi ya uraza ndizovuta zam'magazi (hypoglycemia), komanso shuga wambiri (hyperglycemia), matenda ashuga ketoacidosis ndi thrombosis.
Kuchepetsa kwakukulu kuchuluka kwa zakudya zomwe zimadyedwa ndizomwe zimadziwika kuti zingayambitse vuto la hypoglycemia.
Kwa omwe sakudziwa, Ramadan amafunika kukonzekera mosamala kuti uraza ibweretse mavuto pang'ono mthupi la munthu momwe zingathere.
Kafukufuku akuti shuga wambiri m'magazi a wodwala ndi omwe amafa pafupifupi 4% ya anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kagayidwe kazakudya 1.
Tsoka ilo, palibe umboni wochirikiza gawo la hypoglycemia muimfa mwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga a 2. Koma, komabe, izi zimawonedwa ngati chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa imfa.
Malinga ndikuwona, zotsatira za uraza kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ndizosiyanasiyana: mbali imodzi, zitha kukhala zowononga kwambiri, komanso, zina zothandiza. Nthawi zina, palibe zotsatira zimawonedwa.
Kafukufuku wina wawonetsa kuwonjezereka kwa kubwerezanso kwa milandu ya hyperglycemia yayikulu, yomwe imafunika kuchipatala mwachangu.
Mwina chifukwa cha izi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwa shuga mu seramu yamagazi.
Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga omwe akusala kudya amaphatikizidwa ndi gulu lomwe likukula pachiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga ketoacidosis, makamaka ngati anali ndi shuga wambiri magazi isanayambike uraza.
Ngoziyo imatha kuwonjezeka chifukwa chakuchepetsa kwambiri muyezo wa mahomoni opanga ma pancreatic, omwe amayamba chifukwa choganiza kuti kuchuluka kwa zakudya zomwe zimadyedwa kumachepezedwanso mwezi wa kusala.
Kusala?
Matenda a shuga ndi Ramadan ndi malingaliro osagwirizana kuchokera ku lingaliro lazachipatala, chifukwa anthu mosiyanasiyana amawunika kuopsa kwa thanzi lawo.
Chisankho chogwira ntchitoyo chiyenera kuvomerezedwa ndi adokotala
Mukamasankha kutsatira mtundu uwu wa positi, muyenera kufunsa dokotala wanu musanachitike nthawi yofunika kwambiri kwa anthu ambiri opembedza kwambiri. Muyenera kuyerekezera zabwino ndi zowonongera pasadakhale ndikupanga chisankho chomaliza.
Ndikofunika kulabadira mfundo zingapo zofunika:
- odwala azitha kuwunika kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi tsiku lililonse, makamaka ngati matenda akudalira insulin;
- mukamasala kudya, muyenera kudya zakudya zabwino zokha komanso zopatsa thanzi, zokhala ndi mavitamini, michere ndi zinthu zina zambiri zopindulitsa;
- ndikofunika kupewa chizolowezi chodya kwambiri zamafuta ndi chakudya chamafuta, makamaka dzuwa litalowa;
- mu maola osasala kudya, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera kukhathamiritsa kwa madzi osapatsa thanzi;
- dzuwa lisanatuluke, muyenera kudya maola ochepa lisanayambike kudya kwamasana;
- Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti musangotsatira zakudya zoyenera zokha, komanso kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi. Ndi zoletsedwa kusuta, m'malo mwake muyenera kupita nawo kumasewera;
- simuyenera kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi yambiri yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, chifukwa izi zimatha kupangitsa kuti magazi achepe.
Kodi nkwanzeru kusunga insulin pa uraza?
Madokotala ambiri amati ndi matenda ashuga, sikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzivina chakudya kapena kufa ndi njala.
Makamaka ngati munthu amakakamizidwa kubaya jakisoni wa insulin (pancreatic hormone).
Musaiwale kuti poyambira kusala kudya ndikuyamba kutsatira malamulo ena pakudya zakudya zamthupi, wodwalayo wa endocrinologist angayambe kuchepa kufunika kwa insulin, ndiye kuti, ikhoza kuchepa.
Pazifukwa izi, m'masiku asanu ndi awiri oyamba, glycemia iyenera kuyang'aniridwa bwino ndi shuga ya seramu yoyesedwa pafupipafupi. Zitha kutheka kuti kuchuluka kwa insulin ndi insulin kumacheperanso, ndipo mayankho a thupi la munthu pakudya asintha. Ndikofunika kuti mukonzekere uraza pasadakhale.
Kodi muyenera kuchita chiyani ngati hypoglycemia ikukula?
Pazizindikiro zoyambirira za hypoglycemia, ndikofunikira kuyika msanga msanga ndi glucometer, ndipo ngati yachepetsedwa kwambiri, ndiye kuti zakudya zophatikiza ndi chakudya zimayenera kutengedwa nthawi yomweyo.Zachidziwikire, gawo ili lidzachotsa lero patsikuli, koma mwanjira imeneyi moyo wa munthu udzapulumutsidwa.
Kusala kudya sikuyenera kuonedwa, kupewetsa khungu ku matenda, chifukwa kumakhala mwayi wakoma. Pambuyo pazomwe zidachitika, muyenera kuwunika momwe zinthu ziliri ndikumvetsetsa zomwe zidalakwika.
Makanema okhudzana nawo
Momwe mungasungire posungira ndikusunga malingaliro:
Matenda a shuga ndi matenda omwe amadziwika chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mahomoni m'thupi. Pazifukwa izi, ndikuphwanya kumeneku, muyenera kusamala kwambiri pakuwona zomwe zatumizidwa. Kupanda kutero, zovuta zazikulu ndikuwonongeka kwa thanzi zitha kupezeka, komanso pali mwayi wakufa.
Kuti musayike moyo wanu pachiwopsezo, muyenera kusamala ndi chitetezo, komanso kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, omwe amakupatsani mwayi wowongolera nthawi yake ngati itakwera kapena igwa.
