Matenda a shuga a mitundu yoyamba ndi yachiwiri ndi matenda owopsa omwe amasintha kwambiri moyo wamunthu.
Ngati ilipo, mankhwala ena ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito moyo wonse, makamaka okhala ndi insulin.
Chimodzi mwa mankhwalawa ndi Humulin, malangizo omwe ali m'nkhaniyi. Nanga chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chiyani?
Njira yogwiritsira ntchito
Mankhwala omwe akufunsidwa amaperekedwa kuti aphwanye digestibility ya chakudya chamitundu yoyamba ndi yachiwiri.
Monga lamulo, kugwiritsa ntchito Humulin makamaka pakulimbana ndi mankhwala a hypoglycemic omwe cholinga chake ndi pakamwa.
Humulin imalimbikitsidwanso ketoacidosis, ketoacidotic ndi hyperosmolar coma, vuto la endocrine lomwe limadziwika ndi kugaya bwino zakudya zamafuta, zomwe zimawonekera panthawi yapakati (ndi kusakwanira kwathunthu kwa zakudya zapadera). Ndikofunikira kwa odwala matenda ashuga, omwe adayamba chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana.
Pankhani ya njira yogwiritsira ntchito Humulin, mlingo ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito zimatsimikiziridwa payekhapayekha kwa wodwala aliyense. Mulimonsemo, kutengera ndi kukhalapo kwa shuga m'magazi musanadye ndi mphindi makumi asanu ndi limodzi pambuyo pa izi, kuchuluka kofunikira kwa mankhwalawa kumasankhidwa. Zofunikanso kwambiri ndi kuchuluka kwa glucosuria ndi mawonekedwe a matendawa.
Mankhwala nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa pansi pa khungu kapena intramuscularly. Jakisoni uyenera kuchitidwa theka la ola musanadye mwachindunji.
Kwenikweni, anthu ambiri amakonda njira yotsogolera.
Pamaso pa matenda a shuga a ketoacidosis kapena odwala matenda ashuga, Humulin imatha kutumikiridwa kudzera m'mitsempha kapena intramuscularly. Izi zimagwiranso ntchito pa nthawi ya opaleshoni.
Mlingo
Monga lamulo, adokotala amasankha mtundu wa Humulin. Nthawi zambiri, akatswiri amapereka mankhwala a insulin, omwe amachokera pa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala amodzi. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti Humulin pafupipafupi amaloledwa kuperekedwa ngakhale popanda mitundu ina ya insulin. Mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito jakisoni ambiri tsiku lililonse.
Humulin NPH
Humulin NPH, Humulin L, Humulin Ultralente itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati jakisoni popanda mitundu ina ya ma pancreatic hormone. Zokwanira kawiri pa tsiku.
Chithandizo chamankhwala angapo opangidwa ndi insulini ndikuti, ngati kuli kotheka, kuphatikiza kwa mankhwala omwe amafunsidwa ndi mankhwala ofananawo ndikotheka. Mukaphatikiza zigawozo, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti insulini yokhala ndi nthawi yochepa iyenera kukokedwa mu syringe yoyamba.
Koma ndalama zomwe zimachokera ku gulu la Humulin M zimawonedwa ngati zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Jakisoni awiri a mankhwalawa ndi okwanira patsiku.
Monga lamulo, kwa makonzedwe aliwonse, mlingo sayenera kupitirira 40 magawo.
Kusintha kuchokera ku zinthu zina zomwe zimakhala ndi insulin kumafuna njira yosamala.
Posamutsa odwala ena amshuga kuchokera ku insulin ya nyama kupita ku Humulin, kuchepetsedwa kwakukulu kwa mlingo woyambirira kapena ngakhale kusintha kwa chiŵerengero cha mankhwala a kuthekera kosiyanasiyana kungafunike.
Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa insulini kungachitike mwachangu kapena motsatana. Nthawi zambiri njira yachiwiri imatenga milungu ingapo. Kuchepa kwa kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi a seramu pakusintha kuchoka ku mtundu wina wa insulin kupita kwina ndikotsika kwambiri. Izi ndizothandiza pokhapokha ngati mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku ukhale wochepera 40.
Kusintha kwa mtundu wina wa mankhwalawo kupita kwa ena mwa odwala a endocrinologists omwe amalandira insulin yokhayo mu gawo la tsiku lililonse lomwe limaposa 100, liyenera kuchitika kuchipatala chokha.
Kufunika kwa insulini kumatha kuwonjezeka panthawi yomwe matenda opatsirana kapena kupsinjika kwakukulu kwamakhalidwe.
Komanso, mlingo wowonjezereka ungafunike pakugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena. Mwachitsanzo, munthu akamamwa njira zakulera zam'mlomo, corticosteroids, komanso mahomoni a chithokomiro.
Kufunika kwapakati pancreatic timadzimadzi kumatha kuchepa pamaso pa matenda a msambo wamagulu ndi chiwindi, komanso kumayambiriro kwa mankhwala omwe ali ndi vuto la hypoglycemic. Monga lamulo, omalizirawa akuphatikiza MaO inhibitors komanso BAB yosasankha.
Munthawi yakunyamula mwana, kufunika kwa insulin kumayamba kuchepa. Izi zimawonekera bwino nthawi yoyamba ya mimba. Koma njira yowonjezera ya mahomoni a pancreatic ndi yofunika mu trimesters yachiwiri ndi yachitatu.
Bongo
Ngati mulingo wovomerezeka wa mankhwalawo udapitilira, zizindikiro za mankhwala osokoneza bongo zimadziwika.
Zizindikiro za bongo zimaphatikizapo hypoglycemia, yomwe imadziwoneka ngati kupha mphamvu, kufooka, kusayang'ana, kugona, kupweteka mutu, kugona thukuta kwamtima, kuchuluka thukuta, kulimbikitsa kusanza komanso kusazindikira.
Kuti muthane ndi zizindikiro za khungu, muyenera kuyamba kulandira chithandizo choyenera. Osakhudzanso kwambiri zotsatira za hypoglycemic titha kutha kuperekera shuga kapena shuga mwa mawonekedwe amadzimadzi.
Koma kuwongolera kwamphamvu kwambiri pamkhalidwewu ndikofunikira pogwiritsa ntchito intramuscular kapena subcutaneous ya mankhwala apadera otchedwa glucagon. Wodwala wina ayenera kupereka chakumwa chokoma. Munthu amene ali ndi vuto la kukomoka, komanso osagwirizana ndi jakisoni wa Glucagon, ayenera kupatsidwa glucose wamkati.
Zotsatira zoyipa
Wodwala amatha kukumana ndi mavuto monga:
- urticaria;
- angioedema;
- malungo;
- kupuma movutikira
- kupanikizika kutsikira kufikira kowopsa;
- hypoglycemia;
- khungu la nkhope, thupi, mikono ndi miyendo;
- thukuta;
- thukuta;
- kunjenjemera kwa malekezero ake akumwamba ndi otsika;
- wokongola
- kuda nkhawa kosalekeza;
- paresthesia mkamwa;
- mutu;
- kugona
- zovuta zosokoneza kugona;
- mantha
- mayiko achisoni;
- kusokonekera;
- machitidwe a atypical;
- kusatsimikizika kwa mayendedwe;
- kusalankhula bwino komanso kuthekera kuwona;
- hypoglycemic chikomokere;
- hyperglycemia;
- matenda ashuga acidosis.
Chizindikiro chomaliza chimakonda kuwonetsedwa ndi kuyamwa kwa mankhwala ochepa. Zimathanso kuchitika mukaphonya jakisoni wotsatira.
Chizindikiro china chakumbuyo chimatha kufotokozedwa ngati chikumbumtima chobisala, chomwe chimadziwoneka ngati chida chakusokonekera komanso kukomoka. Ngakhale wodwala kumayambiriro kwa chithandizo anati edema zingapo ndi mkhutu kuyimitsidwa. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti zizindikirozi ndizosagwirizana ndipo zimangotheretu ndi kupitiriza kwa chithandizo chapadera.
Kuyanjana kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo
Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti mtundu wa antipancreatic hormone wamtunduwu sungagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi hypoglycemia komanso kupezeka kwa hypersensitivity kwa insulini kapena imodzi mwa zigawo zikuluzikulu zomwe zimafunsidwa. Humulin nayonso siyigwirizana ndi mayankho a mankhwala ena.
Mphamvu yake yamphamvu ya hypoglycemic imatheka ndi sulfonamides (kuphatikiza mankhwala a hypoglycemic omwe amapangidwira pakamwa pakamwa).
Komanso, zotsatira zazikulu za mankhwalawa zimatheka ndi mankhwala monga MaO inhibitors (Furazolidone, Procarbazine ndi Selegiline), carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, ACE inhibitors, NSAIDs, anabolic steroids, tetracyclines, Clofibrate, Ketoconazole, Pyridoxine, Chloroquinine.
Kukopa kwakukulu kwa mankhwalawa kumachepetsedwa ndi Glucagon, Somatropin, GCS, kulera pamlomo, thiazide ndi loop diuretics, BMCC, mahomoni a chithokomiro, Sulfinpyrazone, sympathomimetics, antidepressants a Clonidine, antagonists, a H1 blocking.
Koma za beta-blockers, monga Reserpine, Octreotide, Pentamidine amatha onse kuchulukitsa ndikuchepetsa zochitika zazikulu za hypoglycemic zomwe zimatengedwa ngati ma pancreatic timalo a munthu.
Kutulutsa Fomu
Humulin nthawi zambiri imapezeka ngati kuyimitsidwa kwapadera kwa ma intramuscular, subcutaneous and intravenous management. Botolo imodzi ili ndi 10 ml ya chinthu ichi.
Gwiritsani ntchito pa nthawi yoyembekezera komanso mkaka wa m`mawere
Chofunika kwambiri pakubala kwa ana ndikusunga shuga wambiri mu seramu yamagazi.
Izi zimangogwira ntchito kwa iwo omwe akuchiritsidwa ndi insulin.
Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti amayi omwe ali ndi vuto la endocrine ayenera kudziwitsa dokotala kuti akufuna kubereka. Kuwunikira mosamala kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikofunikira kwa amayi onse apakati.
Makanema okhudzana nawo
Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito ndi kuwunika kwa mankhwala a Humulin mu kanema:
Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti kusintha kwina kulikonse kwa mtundu kapena mtundu wa mahomoni opanga pancreatic, omwe ali ofanana kwathunthu ndi munthu, ayenera kuchitika moyang'aniridwa ndi adokotala. Palibe chifukwa chomwe mungasankhire nokha mankhwalawo, chifukwa mwina sangakhale oyenera kutengera matendawa. Njira yodziwira bwino chithandizo ingadziteteze ku matenda ashuga.
