Actrapid - mankhwala ochepetsa shuga m'magazi a shuga 1 ndi 2

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda osachiritsika omwe amachitika chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa metabolic m'thupi. Matendawa amathanso kukhudza aliyense wokhala padzikoli, mosaganizira jenda komanso zaka. Chaka chilichonse chiwerengero cha odwala matenda a shuga chikuwonjezereka.

Mu shuga, kapamba amachititsa kuti insulini ipangidwe. Kuchepetsa shuga ndikukhazikitsa mkhalidwe, kukonzekera kwa insulin, mwachitsanzo, actrapid, yomwe tikukambirana lero, imayambitsidwa m'thupi la wodwalayo.

Popanda kubayidwa jakisoni wa insulin nthawi zonse, shuga samayamwa moyenera, amayambitsa kusokonezeka kwamatumbo m'ziwalo zonse za thupi. Kuti Actrapid NM achite bwino, ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo operekera mankhwala ndikuwunikira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Malinga ndi malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito, Actrapid amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza:

1. Matenda a shuga 1 amtundu wa odwala (wodwala amadalira kudya kwambiri insulin mthupi);
2. Matenda a 2 a shuga (omwe amalimbana ndi insulin. Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtunduwu nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi, komabe, ndi kuchuluka kwa matenda ashuga, mankhwalawa amasiya kugwira ntchito, jakisoni wa insulin amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti achepetse shuga muzochitika zotere).

Amalimbikitsa insulapid insulin panthawi yoyembekezera komanso mkaka wa m'mawere, komanso chitukuko cha matenda omwe amayenda ndi matenda ashuga. Mankhwalawa ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana, mwachitsanzo, Actrapid MS, Iletin wokhazikika, Betasint ndi ena. Chonde dziwani kuti kusintha kwa analogues kumachitika kokha mu chipatala moyang'aniridwa ndi adokotala ndikuwunika shuga nthawi zonse.

Kuyambitsa Njira

Subcutaneous, mu mnofu ndi mtsempha wama khosi amaloledwa kuloledwa. Ndi subcutaneous makonzedwe, odwala akulangizidwa kuti asankhe ntchafu ya jakisoni, apa ndi pomwe mankhwalawa amatsimikiza pang'onopang'ono komanso moyenera.

Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito jakisoni matako, mikono yakutsogolo ndi khoma lakumaso kwa m'mimba (mutabayidwa m'mimba, mphamvu ya mankhwalawa imayamba posachedwa). Osamata jekeseni m'dera limodzi kamodzi pamwezi, mankhwalawa amatha kuyambitsa lipodystrophy.

Seti ya mankhwala mu insulin:

• Asanayambe ndondomekoyi, manja ayenera kutsukidwa ndi kupulumutsidwa;
• Insulin ikulowerera mosavuta pakati pa manja (mankhwalawa amayenera kuwonedwa poyeserera ndi kutengera kwina, komanso tsiku lakelo);
• Mphepo imakokedwa mu syringe, singano imayilowetsedwa mu ampoule, mpweya umamasulidwa;
• Mulingo woyenera wa mankhwalawa umakokedwa mu syringe;
• Mphepo yowonjezera kuchokera ku syringe imachotsedwa ndikugunda.

Ngati kuli kofunikira kuwonjezera insulin yayitali ndiutali, algorithm yotsatirayi imachitika:

1. Mpweya umalowetsedwa mu ma ampoules onse awiri (omwe amafupikitsidwa komanso aafupi);
2. Choyamba, insulin yokhala ndi kanthawi kochepa imakokedwa ndi syringe, ndiye kuti imathandizidwa ndi mankhwala osakhalitsa;
3. Mpweya umachotsedwa pokoka.

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga omwe sakudziwa bwino samalimbikitsidwa kuti azidziyambitsa okha Actropide, chifukwa ndiwowopsa woti apange mafuta osakwanira khungu ndikubaya mankhwalawa intramuscularly. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti mukamagwiritsa ntchito singano mpaka 4-5 mm, mafutawo ochepa mafuta sanapangike konse.

Sizoletsedwa kupaka mankhwalawa muzinthu zosinthika ndi lipodystrophy, komanso m'malo a hematomas, zisindikizo, zipsera ndi zipsera.

Actropid imatha kuperekedwa pogwiritsa ntchito syringe yachizolowezi, cholembera syringe kapena pampu yodziwira yokha. Potsirizira pake, mankhwalawo amathandizidwa kulowa mthupi payokha, chifukwa choyenera kudziwa njira yoyendetsera.

Sirinji:

1. Mothandizidwa ndi chala chachikulu ndi chofundira, khola limapangidwa pamalo opangira jakisoni kuti zitsimikizire kuti insulin ikupezeka m'mafuta, osati minofu (ya singano mpaka 4-5 mm, mutha kuchita popanda khola);
2. Syringe imayikidwa perpendicular khola (kwa singano mpaka 8 mm, ngati yopitilira 8 mm - pakona kwa madigiri 45 mpaka khola), ngodya imakanikizidwa njira yonse, ndipo mankhwalawo amalowetsedwa;
3. Wodwalayo amawerengera 10 ndipo amatulutsa singano;
4. Pakumapeto kwa manipulopo, khola lamafuta limamasulidwa, tsamba la jakisoni silipukutidwa.

Cholembera:

• Woponya singano woyika;
• Mankhwalawa amasakanikirana mosavuta, mothandizidwa ndi ma dispenser 2 magawo a mankhwalawa amasankhidwa, amalowetsedwa mumlengalenga;
• Pogwiritsa ntchito kusinthaku, mtengo wa mlingo womwe umafunikira umayikidwa;
• Mafuta a pakhungu pakhungu, monga tafotokozera kale;
• Mankhwala amaperekedwa ndikanikizira piston njira yonse;
• Pambuyo masekondi 10, singano imachotsedwa pakhungu, khola limamasulidwa.

Ngati agwira ntchito mwachidule agwiritsidwa ntchito, sikofunikira kusakaniza musanagwiritse ntchito.

Kupatula kulowetsedwa kosayenera kwa mankhwalawa komanso kuchitika kwa hypoglycemia, komanso hyperglycemia, insulini siyenera kuyikidwa m'malo osagwirizana ndi madokotala omwe sanavomerezane ndi adokotala ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Kugwiritsa ntchito Actrapid yomwe idatha, mankhwala akhoza kuyambitsa insulin.

Kupanga kudzera mu mtsempha wa magazi kapena mu mnofu kumachitika kokha moyang'aniridwa ndi adokotala. Actrapid imalowetsedwa m'thupi theka la ola chakudya chisanachitike, chakudya chimayenera kukhala ndi chakudya chamafuta.

Kodi Actrapid ali bwanji

Insulin Actrapid ndi m'gulu la mankhwala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti shuga achepetse magazi. Ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Kuchepetsa shuga kumachitika chifukwa cha:

• Kupititsa patsogolo shuga kwa thupi;
• Kachitidwe ka mapangidwe a lipogenesis ndi glycogeneis;
• Mapuloteni a protein;
• Chiwindi chimayamba kupanga shuga wochepa;
• Glucose imalumikizidwa bwino ndi matupi athupi.

Kukula ndi kufulumira kwa mankhwala a chiwalo kumadalira zinthu zingapo:

1. Mlingo wa insulin kukonzekera;
2. Njira yoyendetsera (syringe, syringe cholembera, insulin pump);
3. Malo osankhidwa pokonzekera mankhwala (m'mimba, pamphumi, ntchafu kapena matako).

Ndi subcutaneous makonzedwe a Actrapid, mankhwalawa amayamba kugwira ntchito patatha mphindi 30, imafika pakulimbikitsidwa kwambiri m'thupi pambuyo pa maola 1-3, kutengera mawonekedwe a wodwala, zotsatira za hypoglycemic zimagwira maola 8.

Zotsatira zoyipa

Mukamasintha ku Actrapid mu odwala kwa masiku angapo (kapena masabata, kutengera mawonekedwe a wodwalayo), kufupika kwa malekezero ndi mavuto omveka bwino amawonedwa.

Zotsatira zina zoyipa zalembedwa ndi:

• Zakudya zosakwanira pambuyo poyendetsa mankhwalawa, kapena kudumpha chakudya;
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopitirira muyeso;
• Kuyambitsa insulin yambiri nthawi yomweyo.

Zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri ndizo hypoglycemia. Ngati wodwalayo ali ndi khungu lotumbululuka, kusakwiya kwambiri komanso kumva kuti ali ndi njala, chisokonezo, kunjenjemera komanso kutuluka thukuta kumawonedwa, shuga ya m'magazi ikhoza kutsika pansi pazovomerezeka.

Pa kuwonetsedwa koyamba kwa zizindikiro, ndikofunikira kuyeza shuga ndikudya mosavuta kugaya chakudya m'magazi, ngati mutayika, glucose amaperekedwa kwa wodwalayo kudzera m'mitsempha.

Nthawi zina, Actrapid insulin imatha kuyambitsa thupi lomwe siligwirizana:

• Maonekedwe a jekeseni wamkwiyo, kufupika, kutupa kowawa;
• Kusanza ndi kusanza;
• Mavuto opuma;
• Tachycardia;
• Chizungulire.

Ngati wodwala samatsatira malamulo a jakisoni m'malo osiyanasiyana, lipodystrophy imayamba.
Odwala omwe hypoglycemia imawonedwa mosalekeza, ndikofunikira kufunsa dokotala kuti musinthe Mlingo womwe umaperekedwa.

Malangizo apadera

Nthawi zambiri hypoglycemia imayamba chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mankhwala, komanso pazifukwa zina zingapo:

1. Kusintha kwa mankhwalawo kukhala analog popanda kuwongoleredwa ndi dokotala;
2. Kusagwirizana ndi zakudya pa jakisoni;
3. Kubweza
4. Kuchita zolimbitsa thupi kwambiri kapena mavuto ena;
5. Kusintha kwa malo a jakisoni.

Wodwala akayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osakwanira kapena kudumpha mawu oyamba, amakhala ndi vuto la hyperglycemia (ketoacidosis), lomwe ndi loopsa kwambiri, lomwe lingayambitse vuto.

Zizindikiro za hyperglycemia:

• Kumva ludzu ndi njala;
• Kuchepa kwa khungu;
• Kukoka pafupipafupi;
• Kununkhira kwa acetone kuchokera mkamwa;
• Kuchepetsa mseru

Gwiritsani ntchito pa nthawi yoyembekezera

Chithandizo cha Actrapid chimaloledwa ngati mayi ali ndi pakati. Nthawi yonseyi, ndikofunikira kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga ndikusintha mlingo. Chifukwa chake, mkati mwa trimester yoyamba, kufunika kwa mankhwalawa kumachepa, panthawi yachiwiri ndi yachitatu - motsutsana, imawonjezeka.

Pambuyo pobereka, kufunikira kwa insulin kumabwezeretsedwera pamlingo womwe unali usanakhale ndi pakati.

Panthawi ya mkaka wa m'mawere, kuchepetsa mlingo kungakhale kofunikira. Wodwala ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kuti asaphonye panthawi yomwe kufunika kwa mankhwala kumakhazikika.

Kugula ndi kusunga

Mutha kugula Actrapid mu mankhwala monga mankhwala a dokotala.

Ndikofunika kusunga mankhwalawo mufiriji pa kutentha kwa madigiri 2 mpaka 7 Celsius. Musalole kuti chochitikacho chiwonekere kutentha kwawokha kapena dzuwa. Mukazizira, Actrapid amataya mawonekedwe ake ochepetsa shuga.

Pamaso jakisoni, wodwalayo ayenera kudziwa nthawi yomwe mankhwalawo atha, kugwiritsa ntchito insulin yomwe idatha ntchito sikuloledwa. Onetsetsani kuti mwatsimikiza kapena mwakwanitsa ndi Actrapid wamayendedwe ndi zakunja.

Actrapid amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi odwala onse amtundu wa 1 ndi mtundu 2 shuga. Kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera komanso kutsatira mankhwala omwe dokotala akuonetsa, sikuyambitsa kukula kwa zoyipa mthupi.

Kumbukirani kuti matenda ashuga amayenera kuthandizidwa mokwanira: kuwonjezera pa jakisoni wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa mankhwala, muyenera kudya zakudya zina, kuyang'anira zochitika zolimbitsa thupi osati kuwonetsa thupi pamavuto.

Ndemanga