Farmasulin ndi chida chokhala ndi tanthauzo la hypoglycemic. Mankhwala ali ndi insulin - mahomoni omwe amatulutsa kagayidwe kazakudwala. Kuphatikiza pa kuwongolera kagayidwe, insulin imakhudza njira zotsutsana ndi catabolic ndi anabolic zomwe zimachitika minofu.
Insulin imasintha kaphatikizidwe ka glycerin, glycogen, acid acid ndi mapuloteni m'minofu minofu. Zimathandizira kuyamwa kwa amino acid ndikuchepetsa catabolism, glycogenolysis, lipolysis, ketogenesis ndi neoglucogenesis ya amino acid ndi mapuloteni.
Farmasulin n ndi mankhwala ogwiritsira ntchito mwachangu omwe ali ndi insulin yaumunthu, yomwe idapezeka kudzera mu DNA yothandizidwanso. Achire zotsatira amapezeka mphindi 30 pambuyo mankhwala, ndipo nthawi ya zotsatira zake ndi maola 5-7. Ndipo kwambiri plasma ndende zimatheka pambuyo 1 mpaka 3 pambuyo makonzedwe a mankhwala.
Mukatha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, nsonga ya plasma ndende yogwira ntchito imachitika pambuyo pa maola 2 mpaka 8. The achire zotsatira zimatheka 1 ola pambuyo kuperekedwa kwa mankhwala, ndipo pazotheka nthawi yayitali ndi maola 24.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito farmasulin H 30/70, njira yothandizira mankhwalawa imatheka pambuyo pa mphindi 30-60, ndipo nthawi yayitali imakhala maola 15, ngakhale mwa odwala ambiri matendawa amakhala tsiku lonse. Peak ya kuchuluka kwa plasma ndende yogwira ntchito imafikiridwa pambuyo pa 1 mpaka 8.5 patatha nthawi yovulala.
Zizindikiro zogwiritsidwa ntchito
Farmasulin N amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza anthu omwe apezeka ndi matenda a shuga pamene insulin ikufunika pofuna kukhazikika m'magazi. Mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amapatsidwa chithandizo choyambirira cha odwala matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin komanso pochiza amayi apakati omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga.
Tcherani khutu! Mankhwala N 30/70 ndi N NP amalembedwa mtundu 1 wa shuga ndi mtundu wa 2 wopanda zakudya zoyenera komanso zotsatira zochepa za mankhwala a hypoglycemic.
Njira zogwiritsira ntchito
Farmasulin n:
Mankhwalawa amaperekedwa mosavuta komanso m'mitsempha. Kuphatikiza apo, imatha kutumikiridwa intramuscularly, koma njira ziwiri zoyambazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Mlingo ndi kuchuluka kwa makonzedwe amatsimikiziridwa ndi adokotala, poganizira zosowa za wodwala aliyense.
Pansi pa khungu, mankhwalawa amalowetsedwa pamimba, phewa, matako kapena ntchafu. Nthawi yomweyo, jekeseni sangathe kuchitidwa malo amodzi (osapitirira nthawi imodzi m'masiku 30). Malo omwe jakisoni adapangidwira sayenera kutupitsidwa, ndipo pakubaya jekeseni ndikufunika kuonetsetsa kuti yankho sililowa m'matumba.
Mafuta a jakisoni m'matotolo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi cholembera chapadera cholembedwa "CE". Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito yankho loyera lokha lomwe lopanda mtundu ndi zosayera.
Ngati pakufunika kukhazikitsidwa kwa ma insulin angapo okhala ndi ma insulin kamodzi, ndiye kuti njirayi imachitika pogwiritsa ntchito zolembera zingapo za syringe. Njira zolipiritsa Cartridge zimafotokozedwera malangizo omwe adabwera ndi cholembera.
Poyambitsa yankho lomwe lili mumbale, syringes imagwiritsidwa ntchito, kumaliza kwawo kuyenera kufanana ndi mtundu wa insulin. Kupereka mankhwala N, ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito ma insulin syringes amtundu womwewo ndi wopanga, monga kugwiritsa ntchito ma syringe ena kungayambitse mlingo woyenera.
Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira yokhayo yopanda utoto, yopanda zodetsa. Ndikofunika kuti kutentha kwa mankhwalawo kuzikhala kofanana ndi kutentha kwa chipinda.
Zofunika! Kubaya kuyenera kuchitika pompopompo tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Kuti apange jakisoni, choyamba amakoka mpweya mu syringe mpaka muyezo wa yankho lomwe mukufuna, kenako singano imayikidwa mu vial ndipo mpweya umatuluka. Pambuyo botolo ayenera anatembenukira mozondoka ndi kutolera kuchuluka kwa insulin. Ngati pakufunika kuperekera mitundu yambiri ya insulini, singano ndi syringe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mtundu uliwonse.
Farmasulin H 30/70 ndi Farmasulin H NP
Formalin H 30/70 ndi njira yosakanikirana ya H NP ndi N. Chidacho chimakulolani kuti mulowe mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya insulin popanda kudzipangira nokha insulin.
Njira yosakanikirana imayendetsedwa mosagwirizana, ndikuwona zonse zofunikira za aseptic. Jakisoni amapangidwa m'mimba, phewa, ntchafu kapena matako. Pankhaniyi, tsamba la jakisoni liyenera kusinthidwa nthawi zonse.
Zofunika! Kusamala kuyenera kuchitika kuti mu nthawi ya jakisoni yankho lisalowe mu mtima.
Njira yokhayo yomveka, yopanda utoto yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Musanagwiritse ntchito botolo, muyenera kulipaka pang'ono m'manja, koma simungathe kuugwedeza, chifukwa chithovu chimapangidwa, ndipo izi zimabweretsa zovuta pakupeza mlingo wofunikira.
Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito ma syringe omwe mumaliza maphunziro ofanana ndi mlingo wa insulin. Mlingo pakati pakukhazikitsa kwa mankhwalawa ndikugwiritsa ntchito chakudya sayenera kupitirira ola limodzi kuti yankho la N NP lisapitirire theka la ola limodzi ndi njira ya H 30/70.
Zofunika! Mukamagwiritsa ntchito, mankhwalawa amayenera kudya zakudya zokhwima.
Kuti mudziwe mlingo, ndikofunikira kuganizira kuchuluka kwa glucosuria ndi glycemia kwa maola 24 ndikuyang'anira chizindikiro cha glycemia pamimba yopanda kanthu.
Kuti mupeze yankho mu syringe, muyenera kutulutsa mpweya kuti ukhale chizindikiro chomwe chikufunikira. Kenako singano imayilowetsedwa mu vial, ndipo mpweya umamasulidwa. Pambuyo poukira watembenukira mozondoka ndikufunsira voliyumu yomwe mukufuna.
Ndikofunikira kuyambitsa kuyimitsidwa pakhungu lomwe limasungidwa pakati pa zala, ndipo singano iyenera kuyikidwa pakona pa madigiri 45. Kuti insulin isafe, atangolowa jakisoni wa mankhwala, malo omwe pali zilembo za singano azikakamizidwa pang'ono.
Tcherani khutu! M'malo mwa mawonekedwe a kumasulidwa, mtundu ndi kampani ya insulin iyenera kuvomerezana ndi adokotala.
Zotsatira zoyipa
Pa mankhwala, mankhwalawa ambiri ndi hypoglycemia. Kupsinjika kotere kumabweretsa kusazindikira komanso ngakhale kufa.
Nthawi zambiri hypoglycemia imayamba chifukwa cha:
- kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi;
- insulin;
- kulimbitsa thupi mwamphamvu;
- kumwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa.
Pofuna kupewa zovuta, wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kutsatira zakudya zoyenera ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ali ndi mankhwalawa, monga adokotala amafotokozera.
Komanso, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kwa nthawi yayitali kungayambitse:
- mankhwala a subcutaneous mafuta m'malo a jakisoni;
- hypertrophy ya subcutaneous mafuta wosanjikiza pamalo jekeseni;
- insulin kukana;
- Hypersensitivity;
- zokhudza zimachitika mu mawonekedwe a hypotension;
- urticaria;
- bronchospasm;
- Hyperhidrosis.
Panthawi yamavuto, muyenera kufunsa katswiri, chifukwa zina mwatsatanetsatane zimafunikira kusintha kwa mankhwalawa ndikukhazikitsa njira zoperekera chithandizo.
Contraindication
Mankhwala sayenera kuperekedwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi hypersensitivity ku zigawo za mankhwala. Komanso, mankhwalawa ali osavomerezeka kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pamaso pa hypoglycemia.
Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga okhalitsa, a nthawi yayitali, odwala omwe amalandila beta-blockers ndi odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa mosamala kwambiri. Kupatula apo, mwa munthu yemwe ali mu chimodzi mwazinthu izi, zizindikiro za hypoglycemia zimatha kusintha kapena kusatchulidwa.
Pamaso pa zovuta pachimake mitundu matenda, ndi opuwala ntchito adrenal, chithokomiro England, pituitary England ndi impso, ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi dokotala za kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa. Kupatula apo, zovuta izi zimatha kuyambitsa kusintha kwa insulini.
Nthawi zina, kugwiritsa ntchito farmasulin pochiza ana akhanda kumaloledwa.
Tcherani khutu! Mukamayendetsa galimoto komanso njira zina munthawi ya chithandizo chokhala ndi farmasulin, chisamaliro chimayenera kuthandizidwa.
Mimba komanso kuyamwa
Amayi oyembekezera amatha kugwiritsa ntchito farmasulin, koma mlingo wa insulin uyenera kusankhidwa moyenera momwe ungathere. Kupatula apo, ndi mkaka wa m'mawere ndi mimba, kufunika kwa insulin kungasinthe.
Chifukwa chake, mkazi ayenera kufunsa dokotala asanakonzekere, panthawi komanso pambuyo pake.
Tcherani khutu! Pa nthawi yoyembekezera, muyenera kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.
Kuyanjana kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo
Zotsatira zakuchiritsika zitha kuchepa ngati mafamu amatengedwa limodzi ndi:
- mapiritsi oteteza kubala;
- mankhwala a chithokomiro;
- hydantoin;
- kulera kwamlomo;
- okodzetsa;
- glucocorticosteroid mankhwala;
- heparin;
- kukonzekera kwa lithiamu;
- beta 2 - adrenoreceptor agonists.
Kufunikira kwa insulin kumachepetsedwa ngati ntchito limodzi za farmasulin ndi:
- mankhwala oyambitsa matenda a antiidiabetesic;
- mowa wa ethyl;
- phenylbutazone;
- salicyte;
- cyclophosphamide;
- monoamine oxidase zoletsa;
- anabolic steroids;
- othandizira a sulfonamide;
- strophanthin K;
- angiotensin enzyme zoletsa;
- onjezerani;
- beta adrenergic receptor blockers;
- tetracycline;
- octreotide.
Bongo
Mlingo wambiri wa farmasulin ungayambitse kuchepa kwa hypoglycemia. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amathandizanso pamavuto ngati wodwala sakudya moyenera kapena kuchuluka thupi ndi katundu wambiri. Komanso, insulini ikhoza kuchepa, motero bongo limayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngakhale mutagwiritsa ntchito insulin.
Komanso, pakakhala kuchuluka kwa insulin, hyperhidrosis, kunjenjemera nthawi zina kumawoneka, kapena ngakhale kukomoka kumachitika. Kuphatikiza apo, shuga wamlomo (zakumwa za shuga) zimaphatikizidwa pazinthu zotere.
Pankhani ya mankhwala osokoneza bongo ochulukirapo, 40% shuga kapena 1 mg glucogan amabayidwa kudzera m'mitsempha. Ngati chithandizo chotere sichinathandize, ndiye kuti glucocorticosteroids kapena mannitol amaperekedwa kwa wodwalayo kuti ateteze bongo edema.
Kutulutsa Fomu
Pharmasulin yomwe anagwiritsa ntchito kuti akhale kholo limapezeka mu:
- mumapaketi opangidwa ndi makatoni (1 botolo mwina);
- m'mabotolo agalasi (kuyambira 5 mpaka 10 ml);
- mu paketi okhala ndi makatoni (ma cartridge 5 oikidwa mu chotengera cha contour);
- m'magal cartridge (3 ml).
Migwirizano ndi magwiritsidwe akusungidwa
Pharmasulin iyenera kusungidwa kwa zaka ziwiri kuposa kutentha kwa 2 - 8 ° C. Phukusi la mankhwala litatsegulidwa, Mbale, ma cartridge kapena zothetsera ziyenera kusungidwa pa kutentha kwa chipinda chokhacho. Pankhaniyi, ndizosatheka kuti dzuwa lolunjika lizigwera mankhwalawa.
Zofunika! Mukayamba kugwiritsa ntchito, farmasulin ikhoza kusungidwa osaposa masiku 28.
Ngati nyansi kapena matenthedwe aonekera pakuyimitsidwa, ndiye kuti chida choterocho chimaletsedwa.
