Malinga ndi ziwerengero, zotupa zomwe zimakhala ndi mtundu woyamba 1 ndi mtundu wa 2 matenda a shuga kapena mitundu ina ya zilonda zapakhungu zimapezeka mu 30-50 peresenti ya milandu. Nthawi zambiri chomwe chimapangitsa izi ndi kuperewera kwa metabolic, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, komanso kudzikundikira kwa zinthu zovulaza m'thupi.
Chotupa chimawonedwa mu dermis, epidermis, follicles yodzuka, tiziwalo thukuta, minofu yolumikizana, mitsempha yamagazi ndi mbale zamkati sizisokonezeka kawirikawiri. Mkhalidwe wamtundu wa pakhungu ukhoza kuchitika ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala mosalekeza.
Matenda a diabetes angiopathy amaphatikizidwa ndi kuphwanya magazi m'magazi a pakhungu, kuchepa kwa chitetezo chamthupi, zomwe zimayambitsa ntchito ya tizilombo tating'onoting'ono komanso kukula kwa matenda opatsirana. Zotsatira zake, wodwalayo amapezeka ndi matenda apakhungu.
Matenda a shuga ndi mitundu yake
Ngati munthu ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 kapena mtundu wa 2, zotupa za pakhungu zotchedwa diabetesic pemphigus zimatha kuwonekera pakhungu la akulu ndi ana.
Mavuto omwewo pakhungu limayamba pamene wodwala matenda ashuga ali ndi mawonekedwe amtundu wamatenda a matenda ashuga.
Makamaka, mitundu yotsatirayi ya zotupa za khungu imawululidwa mwa odwala:
- Chotupa chikuwonekera kumaso kwa munthu aliyense wodwala matenda ashuga, Zizindikiro zikuwonetsedwa m'chithunzicho;
- Pali gawo lochulukirapo la uve;
- Zala zakulimba kapena zolimba;
- Misomali ndi khungu limasanduka chikaso;
- Mukakhudzidwa ndi bowa kapena mabakiteriya, zilonda, folliculitis, mabala ndi ming'alu, candidiasis amawoneka.
Nthawi zambiri mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe otere, adotolo amawunika matenda a shuga, chifukwa chake, ndi zoyipa zoyambirira pakhungu, muyenera kufunsa dokotala.
Matenda a shuga pakhungu mwa ana ndi akulu akhoza kukhala amitundu ingapo:
- Mawonekedwe a khungu;
- Dermatosis yoyamba, yomwe imawoneka ngati zotupa;
- Matenda a mabakiteriya komanso fungal;
- Dermatosis yoyambitsidwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kwa mtundu 1 komanso matenda a shuga.
Mtundu wotupa pakhungu
Ngati matenda akudwala kwambiri, matuza amatha kuwoneka kumapeto, kumapazi, pamphumi, kumiyendo, ngati kuti mwawotchedwa. Mapangidwe amatha kukula mpaka masentimita angapo.
Mitundu iwiri yayikulu yapakhungu imadziwika:
- Mabuluni, omwe amapezeka mkati mwa intradermally, ali ndi mawonekedwe achilengedwe owonongeka osavulala;
- Ma form mawonekedwe amtundu wa subepidermal amakhala ndi khungu lakudzaza ndi mabala ofatsa.
Matenda a diabetesic pemphigus nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa anthu okalamba omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amadwala matenda a shuga. Nthawi zambiri, matuza amakhala osapweteka ndipo amatha kuchira okha patatha milungu itatu shuga atachira.
Ngati ndi kotheka gwiritsani ntchito mankhwalawa pogwiritsa ntchito zotupa.
Mawonekedwe a dermatoses oyamba
Ngati wodwala matenda ashuga ali ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda, khungu malo otchedwa diabetesic scleroderma limatha kuwoneka kumbuyo, kumbuyo kwa khosi.
Ndi mtundu woyamba wa matenda a shuga, matenda amtundu wa vitiligo amapezeka pafupipafupi, amakhala ndi shuga wambiri. Glucose imakhala ndi njira yokhudzana ndi mitundu ina ya maselo, omwe amachititsa kuti khungu lizigwiritsa ntchito khungu. Pazifukwa izi, mawanga omwe ali ndi masamba osiyanasiyana amawoneka pamimba ndi chifuwa. Munthu samakhudzidwa pafupipafupi.
- Ndi lipoid necrobiosis, wodwala matenda ashuga amakhala ndi mapepala ofiira, omwe amapezeka pamiyendo ndi matenda a shuga. Kuphatikiza apo, mapangidwe kumbuyo kwa mwendo wapansi amatenga mawonekedwe azinthu zachikasu, kuchokera pakati pomwe zombo zotayidwa zimatha kuwoneka. Nthawi zina pamalo a chotupa, Zizindikiro zimawonedwa.
- Dermatosis ya Itchy nthawi zambiri imadziwoneka ngati yotupa kapena redness pakhungu. Potere, munthuyo akumva kuyabwa kwambiri chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwakuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Vutoli nthawi zambiri limasokoneza mfundo yoti wodwalayo amayamba kudwala matenda ashuga. Nthawi zambiri chimatha kukhala kuyabwa mwa akazi omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga.
- Pamalo a nkhwangwa za axillary, khola lachiberekero, pansi pa tiziwalo ta mammary, timizere tating'ono titha kuwoneka pakhungu ngati tikuipitsidwa ndi khungu. Zizindikiro zoterezi ndi chizindikiro chabe cha matenda ashuga.
- Mu matenda a shuga a 1 kapena 2, zala zake nthawi zambiri zimayamba kulimba. Izi zikuchitika chifukwa cha kuwoneka kwa timapepala tating'onoting'ono tambiri, tomwe timakhala pagulu ndipo timakhudza gawo la extensor pamalo oyanjana ndi zala. Izi zimabweretsa kusokonezeka kwa interphalangeal
mafupa, chifukwa chomwe dzanja kuminwe ndi yovuta kuwongola. - Ndi kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwa triglycerides, kagayidwe kamasokonezeka, kamene kamayambitsa kukokoloka kwa xanthomatosis. Zotsatira zake, mapepala olimba achikasu amayamba kutuluka pakhungu, atazunguliridwa ndi corolla yofiyira ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala limodzi ndi kuyabwa kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri zimapezeka kumapeto, kumaso, m'mbali mwa malekezero, kumbuyo kwa manja ndi miyendo.
Zachiwiri zam'mimba zotupa ndi bakiteriya
Ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 kapena mtundu wachiwiri wa 2, matenda akhungu labakiteriya amayamba ndi mawonekedwe a phazi la matenda ashuga, erythrasma, ndi zilonda zam'mimba.
- Zilonda zopatsirana pakhungu ndi staphylococci ndi streptococci nthawi zambiri zimachitika kwambiri. Matendawa amatha kukhala ndi zovuta. Wodwala matenda ashuga amakhala ndi phlegmon, carbuncle, abscesses.
- Nthawi zambiri, zotupa zama bakiteriya zimaphatikizidwa ndi zithupsa, balere woopsa, ming'alu yamatenda, erysipelas, pyoderma, erythrasma.
- Mwa matenda oyamba ndi fungus mwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 kapena mtundu wa 2, candidiasis nthawi zambiri amakula. Omwe amayambitsa matenda, monga lamulo, amakhala a Candida albicans.
Mu odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi bowa, ambiri omwe amapezeka ndi mankhwalawa ndi vulvovaginitis, kuyabwa mu chisangalalo, kukokoloka kwapakati pa blastomycetic kukokoloka, kupindika m'mimba, kukomoka, matenda opatsirana a misomali, lamina periungual lamina ndi minofu yofewa.
Malo omwe amakonda kwambiri bowa mu shuga ndi malo pakati pa zala zakumapeto komanso pansi pa misomali. Chowonadi ndi chakuti ndi shuga wambiri, shuga amayamba kumasulidwa kudzera pakhungu. Kuti mupewe matendawa, muyenera kusamba m'manja ndi miyendo yonse, kuwapukuta ndi mafuta odzola.
Matenda oyamba ndi fungus amathandizidwa ndimankhwala opha ma virus komanso antifungal, ndipo dokotala angakupatseni mankhwala othandizira. Kuphatikiza apo, mafuta othandizira ochiritsa ndi wowerengeka amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Gulu lowopsa la anthu omwe ali ndi mavuto amtunduwu limaphatikizapo odwala onenepa kwambiri.
Komanso, zotupa zamtundu wamtunduwu zimakhudza anthu achikulire komanso omwe samayang'anira momwe khungu limayendera komanso samatsatira malamulo oyera aukhondo.
Chithandizo cha zovuta za pakhungu odwala matenda ashuga
Zing'onoting'ono komanso mawanga pakhungu lomwe limayambitsa matenda ashuga zimatha kupezeka mwa anthu amisinkhu iliyonse. Popewa kukula kwa matenda opatsirana, muyenera kutsatira malamulo aukhondo komanso kudya moyenera.
Zakudya zopatsa thanzi ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zomwe zili ndi zopepuka zamagulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Wachikulire kapena mwana ayenera kudya masamba ndi zipatso tsiku lililonse.
Kupititsa chitetezo chokwanira m'thupi lathu ndikusintha ntchito zoteteza thupi lathu, uchi umagwiritsidwa ntchito pang'ono. Izi zikuthandizanso kudzaza kusowa kwama mavitamini ndi zinthu zina zofunikira pakuchita bwino kwa ziwalo zamkati.
Kuti muwone momwe muliri, muyenera kuyezetsa magazi pafupipafupi, kukayezetsa mayeso ofunikira, kuwunika momwe khungu lilili. Ngati ming'alu, zisindikizo, chimanga, redness ,uma kapena zotupa zina zapezeka, muyenera kufunsa dokotala kuti mudziwe zomwe zimayambitsa. Kudziwa nthawi yoyenera kuphwanya malamulo kumakupatsani mwayi wofulumira komanso wopanda mavuto.
Wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kusamalira khungu, kusamalira njira zaukhondo nthawi zonse, kuteteza khungu ku radiation ya ultraviolet, kuvala nsapato zapamwamba, kugwiritsa ntchito zovala zapamwamba zopangidwa ndi nsalu zachilengedwe.
Pamankhwala, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tigule mankhwala othandizira omwe amapukusa manja ndi miyendo nthawi ndi nthawi. Kuti khungu lizikhala lofewa komanso lotetezeka momwe mungathere, gwiritsani ntchito mafuta achilengedwe a emollient. Komanso, pofuna kupewa kutengera kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a fungus, dera lomwe lili pakati pa zala zakumanja ndi manja, mikondo imathandizidwa ndi talc yachipatala. Kanema yemwe ali munkhaniyi akuthandizani kumvetsetsa komwe kumachitika mwachangu ndi matenda ashuga.
