Kudziwa zikhalidwe za shuga m'magazi ndikofunikira ngakhale kwa anthu omwe samadwala matenda a shuga ndipo sagwirizana ndi zamankhwala. Chowonadi ndi chakuti kuwunika kwa chisonyezicho kumaphatikizidwa pamndandanda wazotsatira zoyeserera zomwe madokotala amalimbikitsa kuti aliyense azichita kamodzi pa chaka. Zolakwika zomwe zimawululidwa panthawi yake mu kagayidwe kazakudya nthawi zambiri zimathandiza kupewa matenda ashuga komanso kukhala ndi thanzi. Vuto la zovuta za carbohydrate metabolism zafika pamlingo woterewu kotero kuti kafukufukuyu amachitika ngakhale kwa ana asukulu zamasukulu zoyeserera zakuchipatala.
Kodi amati chiyani?
Mwa munthu wathanzi (wamkulu), shuga wamagazi amayenera kukhala m'magulu 3.3-5.5 mmol / L. Mtengowu umayeza pamimba yopanda kanthu, popeza panthawiyi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi sikokwanira. Kuti zotsatira za phunzirolo zisasokonezedwe, wodwalayo sayenera kudya chilichonse. Pamaso kupenda, ndikosayenera kumwa mankhwala ndi utsi uliwonse. Mutha kumwa madzi oyera popanda mpweya.
Kupatuka pakuwunika kungawonetsetse kuchepa kwa mafuta m'thupi. Si nthawi zonse funso la matenda a shuga, nthawi zambiri mothandizidwa ndi mayeso a maola awiri ndi katundu, prediabetes ndi ma pathologies ena amatsimikizika. Pachigawo choyambirira cha zovuta za endocrine, kuthamanga kwa shuga kumatha kukhala kwabwinobwino, ngakhale kulekerera kwa glucose (kuthekera kwa kagayidwe kazachilendo) kumakhala kale koipa. Kuti mupeze vutoli, pali mayeso ololera wa glucose omwe amakupatsani mwayi wowunika kusintha kwamagazi a glucose mutatha kudya.
Zotsatira zakuyesa kwa maola awiri ndi katundu wamafuta:
- kuthamanga kwamkati mkati mwazolimbitsa thupi, ndipo pambuyo pa maola 2 ndizochepa kuposa 7.8 mmol / l - zabwinobwino;
- kuthamanga kusapitilira muyeso wamba, koma pambuyo maola 2 ndi 7.8 - 11.1 mmol / l - prediabetes;
- Mimba yopanda kanthu ili pamwamba 6.7 mmol / l, ndipo atatha maola 2 - pamwamba 11.1 mmol / l - moyenera, wodwalayo adayamba kudwala matenda a shuga.
Kukhazikitsa chidziwitso chokwanira cha kusanthula kamodzi sikokwanira. Koma mulimonsemo, ngati kupatuka kwina kwazindikirika kwapezeka, uwu ndi mwayi wopita kwa endocrinologist.
Mutha kukhala ndi shuga wabwinobwino m'magazi mukamatsatira mfundo za kadyedwe koyenera. Chimodzi mwa izo ndi kukana ufa m'malo mwa zipatso zatsopano komanso zopatsa thanzi.
Zomwe zimakhudza chizindikirocho?
Chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimakhudza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi chakudya chomwe munthu amadya. Mafuta osala kudya ndikatha kudya amasiyana kwambiri, chifukwa chakudya chopepuka komanso chovuta chamthupi chimalowa m'thupi limodzi ndi chakudya. Kuti musinthe, mahomoni, ma enzyme ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimagwira ntchito zimamasulidwa. Homoni yemwe amayang'anira kagayidwe kazakudya umatchedwa insulin. Amapangidwa ndi kapamba, womwe ndi gawo lofunikira la endocrine system.
Kuphatikiza pa chakudya, zinthu izi zimapangitsa shuga;
Glucose wabwinobwino- psycho-maikutlo mkhalidwe wamunthu;
- zolimbitsa thupi;
- kusamba kwa masiku azimayi;
- zaka
- matenda opatsirana;
- matenda a mtima dongosolo;
- kutentha kwa thupi.
Kutembenuka mu kagayidwe kazakudya nthawi zina kamapezeka mwa amayi apakati. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ziwalo zonse ndi machitidwe, azimayi ochepa omwe akuyembekeza mwana amatha kukhala ndi matenda ashuga. Ili ndi mtundu wina wa matendawa, womwe umachitika pokhapokha pakamwa, ndipo nthawi zambiri umadutsa mwana akangobadwa. Koma kuti matendawa asakhudze thanzi la mayi ndi mwana, wodwalayo ayenera kutsatira zakudya mosamalitsa, kukana shuga ndi maswiti ndipo nthawi zonse amayesedwa magazi. Nthawi zina, mzimayi angafunike mankhwala, ngakhale nthawi zambiri zimakhala zotheka kusintha chifukwa chokhala ndi zakudya.
Zowopsa sikuti zimangokhala za kuchuluka kwa shuga, komanso mikhalidwe yomwe imatsika pang'onopang'ono. Matendawa amatchedwa hypoglycemia. Poyamba, amawonetsedwa ndi njala yayikulu, kufooka, khungu la pakhungu. Ngati thupi silikuthandizidwa munthawi, munthu amatha kuzindikira, kukhala ndi chikomokere, kugwidwa ndi matenda enaake. Ndi zizindikiro zoyambirira za shuga wochepa, ndikokwanira kudya zakudya zokhala ndi zovuta zamagalimoto ndikuwongolera shuga ndi glucometer. Pofuna kupewa zovuta zazikulu kapena ngakhale kufa kwa wodwalayo, ndikofunikira kulabadira zizindikiro ndi zizindikiro zotere.
Mphamvu zambiri, ndipo chifukwa chake shuga m'thupi, amafunika ubongo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kusowa kwa shuga ngakhale m'magazi a munthu wathanzi kumakhudza nthawi yayitali komanso kuthekera kwake kuyang'ana
Ndi magazi ati oti mupereke popanga shuga?
Polankhula za kuchuluka kwa shuga komwe magazi amawoneka kuti ndi abwinobwino, wina sangangotchulapo za kusiyana kwa zomwe zikuwoneka kuchokera ku magazi a capillary ndi venous. Miyezo yodziwika bwino (3.3-5.5 mmol / l) imangoperekedwa kuti magazi a capillary atengedwe pamimba yopanda kanthu kuchokera pachala.
Mukatenga magazi kuchokera m'mitsempha, mtengo wololeka wa glucose uli pamtunda wa 3.5-6.1 mmol / L. Magaziwa amawagwiritsa ntchito ngati amawunika mu labotore pogwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera, ndipo magazi ochokera pachala ndi abwino kuyeza ndi glucometer munyumba. Mulimonsemo, kuti mupeze zizindikiro zoyenera, ndikofunikira kuti muwunike momwe adokotala akufotokozera.
Kodi pali kusiyana kulikonse muzochitika mwa odwala akulu ndi ana?
Miyezo ya shuga yamagazi mwa akulu ndi ana ndiyosiyana pang'ono. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kusakhazikika kwa dongosolo la endocrine, lomwe, mwana akamakula, amakula ndikukula nthawi zonse.
Mwachitsanzo, zomwe zimawonedwa ngati hypoglycemia kwa munthu wamkulu ndizoyenera kwachilengedwe kwa mwana wakhanda. Zolemba za zaka ndizofunikira kuziganizira kuti muwone ngati wodwala wina ali ndi matenda ochepa. Kuyesedwa kwa shuga kwaukhanda kungafunike ngati mayi wapezeka ndi matenda a shuga pakapita nthawi yobereka kapena yobereka.
M'maphunziro amasukulu a ana a achinyamata, miyezo ya glucose ndiyomwe ili pafupi kwambiri ndi ya amuna ndi akazi achikulire. Pali zosiyana, koma ndizocheperako, ndipo kupatuka kwa iwo kumatha kuyambitsa mwanayo kumuwunikira mwatsatanetsatane kuti awone momwe thanzi la endocrine limakhalira.
Mitundu ya shuga wabwinobwino imasonyezedwa pagome 1.
Gome 1. Akuluakulu a shuga m'magazi a anthu amisinkhu yosiyanasiyana
Kodi shuga imakhudza kagayidwe ka lipid?
Ngati shuga wambiri wapatuka panjira, izi nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa kukayika kwa mafuta m'thupi. Chifukwa cha izi, cholesterol yoyipa imatha kuyikiridwa pamitsempha yamitsempha yamagazi, yomwe imasokoneza kayendedwe ka magazi koyenera ndikupangitsa kuchuluka kwa magazi. Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiwopsezo chowonjezereka cha cholesterol chifanane ndi zifukwa zomwe zimapangidwira matenda a shuga 2:
- kunenepa
- kusowa zolimbitsa thupi;
- kudya kwambiri;
- kupezeka kwakanthawi kudya zakudya zotsekemera ndi chakudya mwachangu;
- kumwa pafupipafupi mowa.
Magazi a shuga amachepetsa zakudya
Mwa zakudya, mwatsoka, palibenso mitundu yofananira yachilengedwe ya mankhwala omwe amachepetsa shuga. Chifukwa chake, ndi kuchuluka kwambiri kwa shuga m'magazi, odwala amakakamizidwa kumwa mapiritsi kapena jekeseni wa insulin (kutengera mtundu wa shuga). Koma mwakulemeretsa zakudya zanu ndi zakudya zina, mutha kuthandiza thupi kukhalabe ndi shuga.
Amakhulupilira kuti miyambo yomwe imasintha shuga m'magazi imakhala ndi:
- mtedza
- tsabola wofiyira;
- mapeyala
- nsomba zamafuta ochepa;
- broccoli
- zitsamba;
- fsol ndi nandolo;
- adyo
- peyala dothi.
Zogulitsa zonsezi zimakhala ndi mtundu wocheperako kapena wapakatikati wa glycemic, kotero ndi bwino kuphatikizanso pamndandanda wa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Amakhala ndi mavitamini ambiri, ma pigment ndi ma antioxidants, omwe amakhudza bwino lomwe dongosolo lamanjenje. Kudya masamba atsopano ndi zipatso kumachulukitsa chitetezo chokwanira ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda ashuga.
Nthawi ndi nthawi onani kuchuluka kwa glucose ndikofunikira kwa anthu onse, kupatula. Matenda a shuga amatha kukula nthawi iliyonse, malinga ndi chilengedwe chamakono, kupsinjika kwapafupipafupi komanso zakudya zochepa. Ndikofunikira makamaka kuwunika bwino thanzi lanu kwa omwe ali pachiwopsezo. Choyamba, awa ndi anthu omwe abale awo enieni adapezeka ndi matenda a shuga. Tisaiwale za mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa cha kupsinjika, mowa ndi kusuta, zomwe ndi zina mwazomwe zimayambitsa zovuta za carbohydrate metabolism.
