Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a Metformin 500, muyenera kukumbukira kuti amatha kupangitsa mavuto ambiri mthupi. Metformin imapangidwa ndi opanga ma pharmacological momwe amapangira mapiritsi okhala ndi kanema wapadera.
Piritsi limodzi la Metformin lili ndi 500 mg yogwira ntchito ya Metformin mu mankhwala ake. Yogwira popanga mankhwala ali mu mawonekedwe a hydrochloride.
Kuphatikiza pa polojekiti yayikulu yogwira, mapiritsiwo amaphatikizapo zinthu zina zomwe zimagwira ntchito yothandiza.
Zothandiza pa mapiritsi a Metformin ndi:
- ma cellcose a microcrystalline;
- croscarmellose;
- madzi oyeretsedwa;
- polyvinylpyrrolidone;
- magnesium wakuba.
Pulogalamu yogwira, metformin hydrochloride, ndi biguanide. Kuchita kwa pawiri kumadalira luso lolepheretsa gluconeogeneis njira zomwe zimachitika m'maselo a chiwindi.
Thupi limathandiza kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa kuyamwa kwa glucose kuchokera ku lumen ya m'mimba ndipo limathandizira kuyamwa kwa glucose kuchokera m'madzi am'magazi ndi maselo a zotumphukira za thupi.
Kuchita kwa mankhwalawa ndi cholinga chokulitsa chidwi cha zolandilira zam'magazi a maselo a insulin omwe amadalira insulin. Mankhwala sangathe kukopa njira zomwe zimatsimikizira kapangidwe ka insulin m'maselo a pancreatic minofu ndipo sikuti kumayambitsa maonekedwe a hypoglycemia m'thupi.
Mankhwalawa amathandizira kuimitsa zizindikiro za hyperinsulinemia. Otsirizawo ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimathandizira kuwonjezeka kwa kulemera kwa thupi komanso kupita patsogolo kwa zovuta zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi ntchito ya mtima wamatenda a shuga. Kumwa mankhwala kumayambitsa kukhazikika kwa momwe thupi liliri komanso kuchepa kwa thupi.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kumachepetsa plasma ndende ya triglycerides ndi otsika kachulukidwe linoprotein.
Kumwa mankhwalawa kumabweretsa kuchepa kwa mphamvu yama oxidation njira komanso kuletsa njira yopangira mafuta acid. Kuphatikiza apo, michere ya microsolytic yogwira ntchito yogwira thupi idawululidwa; PAI-1 ndi t-PA ndi zoletsedwa.
Mapiritsi amathandizira kuyimitsidwa kwa chitukuko cha kuchuluka kwa minyewa ya makoma amitsempha.
Zotsatira zabwino za mankhwalawo pamatenda a mtima ndi mtima zimawululidwa, zomwe zimalepheretsa matenda a matenda ashuga a shuga.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala
Mapiritsi a Metformin amatengedwa pakamwa.
Mukamamwa mankhwalawa, ndikofunikira kuti mumeza mapiritsiwo osatafuna.
Mankhwalawa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakudya kapena pambuyo pake. Tengani piritsi ndi madzi okwanira.
Chizindikiro chachikulu chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa ndi kupezeka kwa mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga wodwala.
Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito akuwonetsa kuti mankhwalawa amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga monotherapy kapena ngati gawo lochiritsira zovuta ndi othandizira ena omwe ali ndi hypoglycemic katundu kapena kuphatikiza ndi inulin.
Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito amalola kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa ali mwana, kuyambira zaka 10. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kumaloledwa kwa ana onse monga monotherapy, komanso kuphatikiza jakisoni wa insulin.
Mlingo woyambirira mukamamwa mankhwala ndi 500 mg. Mankhwala tikulimbikitsidwa kuti kumwedwa katatu patsiku. Ngati ndi kotheka, ndikuvomerezedwa kwina, mlingo wa mankhwalawa ukhoza kuchuluka. Kuwonjezeka kwa mlingo womwe umatengedwa kumadalira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito Metformin pantchito yokonza mankhwalawa, mlingo womwe umatengedwa umasiyana kuchokera ku 1,500 mpaka 2,000 mg patsiku. Mlingo watsiku ndi tsiku uyenera kugawidwa pawiri, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kupewa kupewa mavuto obwera chifukwa cha m'mimba. Mlingo wovomerezeka wokwanira malinga ndi malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito ndi 3000 mg patsiku.
Mukamamwa mankhwalawa, mulingo woyenera umafunika kuwonjezeredwa pang'onopang'ono mpaka mulingo woyenera utafikiridwa, njira iyi ithetsera kulolerana kwa mankhwalawo kupita m'mimba.
Ngati wodwala wayamba kumwa Metformin pambuyo pa mankhwala ena a hypoglycemic, ndiye kuti musanamwe Metformin, mankhwala ena ayenera kusiyiratu.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa muubwana, mankhwala ayenera kuyambitsidwa ndi Mlingo wa 500 mg kamodzi patsiku. Pambuyo masiku 10-15, kuyezetsa magazi kwa glucose kumachitika ndipo, ngati pakufunika, Mlingo wa mankhwala omwe amwedwa umasinthidwa. Mlingo wapamwamba tsiku lililonse wa odwala muubwana ndi 2000 mg. Mlingo uwu uyenera kugawidwa pakulipika kwa 2-3 patsiku.
Ngati mankhwalawa akugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu okalamba, kusintha kwa mankhwalawa kuyenera kuchitika moyang'aniridwa ndi adokotala. Kufunika kumeneku kumachitika chifukwa chakuti mwa okalamba, kukula kwa matenda osiyanasiyana a impso m'thupi ndikotheka.
Kutalika kwa ntchito kwa mankhwala amathandizidwa ndi dokotala.
Pa mankhwala, chithandizo sichiyenera kusokonezedwa popanda malangizo a dokotala.
Contraindication kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa
Monga mankhwala aliwonse, Metformin ili ndi zotsutsana zingapo kuti mugwiritse ntchito.
Nthawi zambiri, zotsutsana zotere zimalumikizidwa ndi mawonekedwe a thupi la wodwalayo komanso zomwe zimachitika pakukula kwa matenda ashuga m'thupi la wodwalayo.
Kuphatikiza pa contraindication ambiri, pali zoletsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa pamodzi ndi mankhwala ena.
Mfundo zazikuluzikulu zogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa ndi izi:
- Kukhalapo kwa hypersensitivity kwa zinthu zazikulu kapena zothandiza za mankhwalawa
- Kupezeka mu thupi la matenda ashuga ketoacidosis, matenda a shuga ndi chikomokere.
- Kukhazikika kwa zovuta pachimake komwe kumayenderana ndi kupezeka kwa minofu hypoxia m'thupi.
- Kuchita opaleshoni yayikulu.
- Kumachitika kwa chiwindi kulephera.
- Kukhalapo kwa uchidakwa wambiri.
- Kukhalapo kwa lactocytosis mthupi.
- Nthawi yobereka mwana.
- Wodwalayo ali ndi zaka zosakwana 10.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, muyenera kupewa kuphatikiza mankhwalawa ndi mowa, kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zamafuta ochepa, pamaso pa vuto la chiwindi.
Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala omwe ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala kwambiri;
- Danazole
- Chlorpromazine.
- Glucocorsteroids.
- Zodzikongoletsera.
Pogwiritsa ntchito Metformin palimodzi ndi mitundu iyi ya mankhwalawa, muyenera kupenda kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi pafupipafupi. Ngati ndi kotheka, sinthani mlingo wa mankhwala omwe atengedwa.
Pankhani yogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kuphatikiza ndi mankhwala a sulfonylurea, insulin kapena salicylates, zizindikiro za hypoglycemia zitha kuwoneka m'thupi la wodwalayo.
Ngati mukuphwanya malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito m'thupi la wodwalayo, zizindikilo za kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawo zimawonekera.
Chizindikiro chachikulu cha bongo wa Metformin mthupi ndikuwoneka ndi kukula kwa lactic acidosis.
Pakakhala mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi zizindikiro za lactic acidosis, chithandizo ndi Metformin ziyenera kuyimitsidwa nthawi yomweyo, ndipo wodwala wokhala ndi zizindikiro zowonjezera ayenera kuchipatala. Njira yothandiza kwambiri yothandizira lactic acidosis mthupi la wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda a shuga ndi njira ya hemodialysis.
Kuphatikiza pa njira ya hemodialysis, chithandizo chamankhwala chimachitidwanso.
Zochitika zovuta ndi Metformin mankhwala
Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito Metformin amafotokozera mwatsatanetsatane zovuta zonse zomwe zingachitike pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala.
Zotsatira zonse zoyipa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa zitha kugawidwa m'magulu akulu akulu.
Zotsatira zoyipa zimagawidwa kawiri kawiri, zochepa, osowa, osowa kwambiri komanso osadziwika.
Osowa kwambiri, zotsatira zoyipa monga lactic acidosis mu mtundu 2 matenda a shuga zimachitika.
Pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kwa nthawi yayitali, pali kuchepa kwa mayamwidwe a vitamini B12. Ngati wodwala ali ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, ndikofunikira kuganizira momwe zingakhalire zoterezi.
Zotsatira zoyipa zazikulu ndi izi:
- kuphwanya kulawa kwamawonekedwe;
- kuphwanya kwam'mimba;
- mawonekedwe akumva mseru;
- maonekedwe ofuna kusanza;
- kupezeka kwa zowawa pamimba;
- kuchepa kwamtima.
Zotsatira zoyipa izi nthawi zambiri zimayamba munthawi yoyamba kumwa mankhwalawa ndipo nthawi zambiri zimatha.
Kuphatikiza apo, zotsatirazi zoyipa zingachitike:
- Khungu limakhudza mawonekedwe a kuyabwa ndi zotupa.
- Kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi ndi biliary thirakiti.
Nthawi zina, kukula kwa chiwindi m'thupi ndikotheka.
Zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimachitika mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa mu odwala ali ofanana ndi zovuta zomwe zimawoneka mwa odwala akuluakulu.
Mndandanda wamankhwala ndi mtengo wake komanso mawonekedwe omasulidwa
Mankhwala amapezeka monga mapiritsi. Mapiritsi amaikidwa m'matumba a blister opangidwa ndi polyvinyl chloride ndi zojambulazo za aluminium. Paketi iliyonse ili ndi miyala 10.
Ma paketi asanu ndi amodzi amaikidwa pabokosi lamakhadi, lomwe lilinso ndi malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito. Makatoni amakhadi a mankhwalawo ali ndi mapiritsi 60.
Sungani mankhwalawo pamalo otetezedwa ndi dzuwa mwachindunji pa kutentha osaposa 25 digiri Celsius. Mankhwala ayenera kusungidwa kuti ana asawapeze.
Moyo wa alumali wa chinthu chachipatala ndi zaka zitatu. Mankhwala amagulitsidwa ku pharmacies ndi mankhwala.
Ndemanga zambiri zomwe anakumana nazo omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa ndi zabwino. Maonekedwe a ndemanga yoyipa imakonda kuyenderana ndi kuphwanya malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa kapena ngati mukuphwanya malangizowo kuchokera kwa adokotala. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala kuunikiridwa kwa odwala, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kumachepetsa kwambiri thupi.
Wopanga wamkulu wa mankhwalawa ku Russian Federation ndi Ozone LLC.
Mtengo wa mankhwala m'gawo la Russian Federation zimatengera ma network a mafakitole ndi dera lomwe mankhwalawo amagulitsidwa. Mtengo wapakati wa mankhwala ku Russian Federation umachokera ku 105 mpaka 125 ma ruble pa paketi iliyonse.
Ma fanizo odziwika kwambiri a Metformin 500 mu Russian Federation ndi awa:
- Bagomet;
- Glycon;
- Glyminfor;
- Glyformin;
- Glucophage;
- Glucophage Kutalika;
- Methadiene;
- Metospanin;
- Metfogamm 500;
- Metformin;
- Metformin Richter;
- Metformin Teva;
- Metformin hydrochloride;
- Nova Met;
- NovoFormin;
- Siofor 500;
- Sofamet;
- Fomu;
- Fomu.
Zofanizira za Metformin ndizofanana zonse pakapangidwe kake ndi kagawo kogwira.
Chiyerekezo chachikulu cha Metformin chomwe chilipo, chimalola, ngati kuli kofunikira, dokotala yemwe amapezeka kuti asankhe mosavuta mankhwalawo ndikusintha Metformin ndi chipangizo china chachipatala. Za momwe Metformin imagwirira ntchito m'matenda a shuga, katswiri adzakuwuzani mu kanema munkhaniyi.
