Insulin ndi amodzi mwa mahomoni ofunikira kwambiri opangidwa m'thupi la munthu. Amatenga gawo limodzi pazochita zonse za metabolic, makamaka mu kagayidwe kazachilengedwe. Insulin imapereka shuga m'maselo a thupi, imathandizira kuti imalowe ndikuwonjezera mphamvu.
Komabe, nthawi zina, pazifukwa zingapo, kupanga insulini kumatha kuchepa kwambiri, komwe kumayambitsa kukula kwa matenda aakulu monga matenda ashuga. Kutsimikiza kwa kuchuluka kwa timadzi timeneti m'magazi a munthu kumathandizira kuphunzira kwa insulin kapena insulin.
Ntchito ya insulin
Kuti mumvetsetse momwe insulini ilili yofunikira pakuchita bwino kwa thupi, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa zomwe imagwira:
- Amatulutsa shuga m'maselo onse amthupi, amaonetsetsa kuti mayamwidwe ake komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu za metabolic;
- Amayang'anira kuchuluka kwa glycogen m'maselo a chiwindi, omwe, ngati pakufunika, amasinthidwa kukhala glucose ndikukhathamiritsa thupi ndi mphamvu;
- Imathandizira kuyamwa kwa mapuloteni ndi mafuta;
- Amawonjezera kupezeka kwa ma membrane am'mimba a glucose ndi amino acid.
Chifukwa chake, ndikusowa kwa insulin mthupi la munthu, kugwira ntchito kwa pafupifupi ziwalo zamkati ndi machitidwe zimasokonekera. Izi zimapangitsa matenda ashuga kukhala oopsa kwambiri, omwe amadziwika ndi zovuta zingapo.
Kupeza cholinga
Kuyesa kwa magazi a insulin komwe kumayikidwa ndi endocrinologist pazolinga zotsatirazi:
- Kuzindikira matenda a shuga ndi kutsimikiza kwa mtundu wake;
- Matenda a insulinomas (zotupa za pancreatic) zomwe zimakhudza katulutsidwe ka insulin;
- Matanthauzidwe a hypoglycemia wochita chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito jakisoni wa insulin kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo a hypoglycemic.
Kusanthula, plasma yamagazi imagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kukonzekera kuzindikira
Kuti mupeze zotsimikizira zolondola kwambiri, wodwalayo ayenera kukonzekera bwino mayeso a insulin. Kuti muchite izi, ayenera kupewa kudya pafupifupi maola 8. Pankhaniyi, deta yolondola kwambiri imatha kupezeka mwachangu maola 12.
Pazifukwa izi, kufufuza za insulini nthawi zambiri kumachitika m'mawa, pomwe wodwalayo adadya komaliza panthawi yamadzulo. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti nthawi isanakonzedwe, zakumwa zomwe zingakhudze kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi, zomwe ndi tiyi, khofi ndi timadziti, siziyenera kumwa.
M'mawa, wodwalayo amaloledwa kumwa chikho chokha cha madzi oyera, popanda zina zowonjezera. Chungamu sichikulimbikitsidwa ngakhale shuga atakhala kuti alibe. Muyeneranso kukana kumwa mankhwala aliwonse.
Ngati izi sizingatheke pazifukwa zina, ndiye kuti ndikofunikira kudziwitsa adotolo za mankhwala onse omwe atengedwa kuti athe kuwongolera zomwe zapezeka chifukwa cha kusanthula, komanso koposa, kusamutsira tsiku lina.
Ndikofunikanso kutsimikizira kuti okhawo omwe sanalandire chithandizo cha insulin omwe atha amayesedwa. Chowonadi ndi chakuti insulini ikukonzekera bwino imasokoneza zotsatira za kusanthula, popeza ma reagents amachitanso chimodzimodzi ndi insulin yaumunthu komanso misonkho yake yochita kupanga.
Zotsatira za kusanthula
Nthawi zambiri, zomwe zili mu insulin yogwiritsira ntchito m'madzi am'magazi ziyenera kukhala kuyambira 6 mpaka 24 mIU / L. Nthawi zina chizindikiro chovomerezeka cha IRI chikhoza kukhala chosiyana ngati njira zosagwiritsa ntchito masiku onse poyesera wodwalayo. Ndikofunikanso kuti chiwerengero cha insulin chikhale ndi glucose, chomwe sichikhala choposa 0.3.
Kusanthula kumeneku kumakupatsani mwayi wodziwikiratu wodwalayo omwe magwiritsidwe ake a mayeso a glucose ali pamalire enieniwo. Izi, monga lamulo, zikuwonetsa kukula kwa wodwala matenda a shuga kapena matenda ena a kapamba.
Chifukwa chake, ngati insulin yomwe ili m'magazi a m'magazi ndi yotsika kwambiri kuposa momwe zimakhazikitsidwa, izi zikuwonetsa kuphwanya kwakukulu kwa chinsinsi cha timadzi timeneti ndi kupezeka kwa matenda a shuga 1 a wodwala.
Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga a mellitus, kuchuluka kwa insulin nthawi zambiri kumakwezedwa, zomwe zimawonetsa kugwira ntchito kwapancreatic komanso kukula kwa minofu kukana kwa insulin.
Mwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kunenepa kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa insulin kumatha kukhala kokwera kawiri kuposa masiku onse. Pankhaniyi, kuti mavomerezedwe a IRI akhale m'magazi a magazi, ndikokwanira kutaya mapaundi owonjezera kenako kutsatira zakudya.
Momwe wodwala angapezeke ndi insulin yambiri:
- Insulinoma;
- Matenda a 2 a shuga (osadalira insulini);
- Matenda a chiwindi
- Acromegaly;
- Cushing's Syndrome;
- Myotonic dystrophy;
- Congenital tsankho kuti fructose ndi galactose;
- Kunenepa kwambiri.
Mulingo wotsika wa insulini ndi wofanana ndi matenda otsatirawa:
- Mtundu wa shuga 1 (wodalira insulin);
- Hypopituitarism.
Zolakwika
Monga mtundu wina uliwonse wa matenda, kuwunika kwa insulini yogwiritsira ntchito insulin sikupereka zotsatira zolondola nthawi zonse. Zinthu zotsatirazi zingakhudze kuyesedwa kwa mayeso:
- Kuchulukitsa kwa matenda osachiritsika omwe wodwala amakhala nawo posachedwa kusanthula;
- Kuyesa kwa X-ray;
- Kuyika kwa njira zina zolimbitsa thupi.
Komanso, mawonekedwe a zakudya za wodwalayo atha kukhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pazotsatira za kusanthula. Kuti matendawa azikhala olondola kwambiri pamankhwala a insulin, masiku angapo asanafike kuwunikiridwa, wodwalayo ayenera kusiyanitsa kwathunthu ndi mafuta onse azakudya ndi zonona.
Zakudya zopanda pake zimatha kudzutsa insulin ndi glucose, yomwe adzajambule pakuwunika. Komabe, chotulukapo chotere sichimalola kuwunika kwa wodwalayo, chifukwa komwe kunayambitsidwa ndi chinthu chakunja ndipo siumunthu.
Ndikofunikanso kudziwa kuti ndikofunikira kuzindikira ngati zili ndi IRI posachedwa, ndikuwonekera kwa zisonyezo zoyambirira za vuto la kapamba. Izi zipangitsa kuti wodwalayo azindikire koyambirira kwa matendawa, omwe ali ofunikira kwambiri ku matenda a shuga.
Kumbukirani kuti popanda chithandizo chokwanira, matendawa amabweretsa mavuto. Njira yokhayo yopeweretsera zovuta ndikuzindikira matendawa mwachangu ndikuyamba kulimbana nawo mwachangu, ndipo chifukwa cha izi muyenera kudziwa kuti ndi chiyani .. Kanema yemwe ali munkhaniyi akuwonetsa zazikulu za insulin.
