Masiku ano, pali anthu pafupifupi 366 miliyoni omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga padziko lonse lapansi. Malinga ndi State Record of Russia kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 2012, odwala oposa 3.5 miliyoni omwe ali ndi matenda oyipawa adalembetsa mdzikolo. Kuposa 80% ya iwo ali kale ndi matenda ashuga.
Ngati mukukhulupirira ziwerengero, 80% ya odwala amafa ndi matenda amtima. Zomwe zimayambitsa kufa kwa odwala matenda ashuga:
- sitiroko;
- myocardial infarction;
- wandewu.
Imfa simachokera ku matendawo omwe, koma ndi zovuta zake
M'masiku amenewo pamene insulin sinapezekepo, ana a matenda a shuga anamwalira atatha zaka 2-3. Masiku ano, mankhwala akakhala ndi ma insulins amakono, mutha kukhala ndi moyo wambiri ndi matenda osokoneza bongo mpaka kukalamba. Koma pali zina zofunika kuchita ndi izi.
Madokotala amayesetsa kufotokozera odwala awo kuti samwalira ndi matenda ashuga. Zomwe zimayambitsa kufa kwa odwala ndizovuta zomwe matendawa amafalitsa. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga 3,800,000 amafa chaka chilichonse padziko lapansi. Izi ndi zowopsa.
Odwala odziwa zambiri nthawi zambiri amamwa mankhwala kuti apewe matenda ashuga kapena kuthandiza munthu amene wapezeka kale. Ngati njirayi yayamba kale, ndiye kuti kuyimitsa ndiyovuta kwambiri. Mankhwala amabweretsa mpumulo kwakanthawi, koma kuchira kwathunthu sikuchitika.
Zikhala bwanji? Kodi kulibe njira yotuluka ndipo imfa ibwera posachedwa? Zapezeka kuti zonse sizowopsa ndipo mutha kukhala ndi matenda ashuga. Pali anthu omwe samvetsa kuti zovuta zomwe zimapangitsa kwambiri matenda ashuga ndi shuga wamagazi. Ndi gawo ili lomwe limakhala ndi poizoni m'thupi, ngati lili kunja kwa chizolowezi.
Ndiye chifukwa chake mankhwalawa obwera kumene sangatenge gawo lalikulu popewa zovuta, poyambirira ndikusungidwa kwa shuga m'magazi pamlingo woyenera.
Zofunika! Zinthu zamankhwala zimagwira ntchito bwino ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikwabwinobwino. Ngati chizindikirochi chimakhala chowonjezeka nthawi zonse, kupewa komanso kuchiza kumakhala kosathandiza. Pankhondo yolimbana ndi matenda ashuga, cholinga choyambirira ndikubwezera glucose kuti ikhale yachilendo.
Glucose owonjezera amawononga makoma amitsempha yamagazi ndi ma capillaries. Izi zikugwira ntchito pa dongosolo lonse la magazi. Zida zonse za m'magazi ndi zomatira zimakhudzidwa, malekezero otsika (phazi la matenda ashuga) amakhudzidwa.
Atherosulinosis (atherosulinotic plaques) imayamba m'matumbo omwe akhudzidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zotupa za mtima lumen. Zotsatira za matenda otere ndi:
- vuto la mtima;
- sitiroko;
- kudula mwendo.
Chiwopsezo cha matenda amtima wamtundu 2 shuga chikuwonjezeka ndi katatu. Palibe chodabwitsa kuti matendawa ali pamalo oyamba m'ndandanda wazomwe zimamwalira. Koma palinso zifukwa zina zazikuluzikulu zochititsa kuti mufe.
Kafukufuku wosangalatsa ndikudziwika yemwe adatsimikizira mgwirizano pakati pa pafupipafupi pakuwongolera glycemic komanso kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi a odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1.
Ndikukayika kuti ngati muyeza kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin wa glycated 8-10 pa tsiku, imatha kusungidwa bwino.
Tsoka ilo, palibe deta yotere kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2, koma sizokayikitsa kuti kuyeza kosalekeza kungapangitse vutoli, mwina, kumakhalabe bwino.
Zomwe zimayambitsa imfa kuchokera ku matenda a shuga a mtundu 1 ndi mtundu 2
Zachidziwikire kuti anthu ambiri amadziwa kuti zovuta za matenda ashuga zimakhala zowawa komanso nthawi zonse. Zomwe takambirana pamwambapa zimakhudza zovuta zina. Tsopano tiwona kwambiri zovuta. Pali mitundu iwiri yotere:
- Hypoglycemia ndi chikomokere zimachitika chifukwa cha shuga m'magazi.
- Hyperglycemia ndi chikomokere - shuga ndiwokwera kwambiri.
Palinso comerosmolar coma, yomwe imapezeka kwambiri mwa okalamba, koma masiku ano izi sizachilendo. Komabe, zimapangitsanso kuti wodwalayo afe.
Mutha kugwa mu vuto la hypoglycemic mukatha kumwa mowa, ndipo milandu ngati imeneyi imakonda kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, mowa ndi chida chowopsa cha matenda ashuga ndipo ndikofunikira kupewa kumwa, makamaka chifukwa mutha kukhala ndi moyo popanda iwo.
Kuledzera, munthu sangathe kuzindikira bwinobwino vutolo ndikuzindikira zizindikiro zoyambirira za hypoglycemia. Omwe ali pafupi angangoganiza kuti munthu wamwa kwambiri ndipo samachita chilichonse. Zotsatira zake, mutha kuiwala ndikuyamba kugwa.
Munthawi imeneyi, munthu amatha kugona usiku wonse, ndipo munthawi imeneyi zinthu zidzasintha mu ubongo zomwe sizingabwezeretsedwe. Tikulankhula za edema yam'mimba, yomwe nthawi zambiri imatha ndiimfa.
Ngakhale madotolo amatha kuchotsa wodwalayo pachiwonetsero, palibe chitsimikizo kuti maluso ake am'maganizo ndi oyendetsa galimoto abwerera kwa munthuyo. Mutha kusintha kukhala "masamba" omwe amangokhala ozizira.
Ketoacidosis
Kukula kosalekeza kwamlingo wama glucose komwe kumapitilira kwa nthawi yayitali kumatha kubweretsa kudzikundikira muubongo ndi ziwalo zina za thupi pazinthu zamafuta a oxidation - ma acetones ndi matupi a ketone. Vutoli limadziwika kuti matenda ashuga ketoacidosis.
Ketoacidosis ndi owopsa kwambiri, ma ketones ndi oopsa kwambiri ku ubongo wa munthu. Masiku ano, madokotala aphunzira kuthana ndi chiwonetserochi. Pogwiritsa ntchito njira zomwe zilipo zodziletsa, mutha kupewa izi.
Kupewa kwa ketoacidosis kumakhala kumayezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikuwona nthawi ndi nthawi mkodzo wa acetone wogwiritsa ntchito mawanga oyesa. Munthu aliyense ayenera kusankha yekha zoyenera kuchita. Kupatula apo, matenda ashuga ndizosavuta kupewa kuposa kulimbana ndi zovuta zanga moyo wanga wonse.
