Mlingo wa insulin m'magazi opanda kanthu mwa ana ndi kuyambira 3 mpaka 20 mcU / ml. Kupatuka kulikonse kumaphatikizapo kukula kwa matenda ashuga.
Kupanda insulin yokwanira, mtundu woyamba wa matenda umayamba, ndipo kuchuluka kwake m'magazi kumasonyezera kukana insulini.
Kodi kuchuluka kwa insulini mu pathologies zosiyanasiyana kwa achinyamata? Nkhaniyi itithandiza kumvetsetsa nkhaniyi.
Cholinga cha insulin mthupi
Insulin ndi mahomoni a protein omwe amalamulira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi amunthu. Maselo a Beta amapangidwa ndi insulin, yomwe ndi gawo la maliseche a Langerhans omwe amapezeka mu kapamba.
Kuphatikiza pa insulin yopangidwa ndi maselo a beta, maselo a alpha a Langerhans apparatus amapanga glucagon, mahomoni omwe amalimbikitsa glucose wamagazi. Zosokoneza zilizonse pakugwira ntchito ya islet zida za kapamba zimatha kudzetsa kukula kwa shuga.
Mu thupi la munthu, insulin imagwira ntchito yayikulu ya hypoglycemic.
Kuphatikiza apo, mahomoni amatenga mbali pazinthu zambiri za metabolic:
- Zimapatsa kulowa kwa glucose omwe amapezeka ndi chakudya m'maselo a minofu.
- Insulin imathandizira pakupanga glucogen kuchokera ku glucose mu minofu ndi maselo a chiwindi pamaselo a ma cell.
- Zimapereka kudzikundikira ndi kupewa kuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni ndi mafuta. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri dzino lotsekemera, okonda chokoleti ndi mapiki atsopano amadwala kwambiri.
- Insulin imawonjezera ntchito ya ma enzymes omwe amathandizira kutsika kwa glucose, ndipo, nawonso, amaletsa ma enzyme omwe amalimbikitsa kuwonongeka kwa mafuta ndi glycogen.
Insulin ndiye mahomoni okhawo m'thupi la munthu omwe angapereke shuga wa magazi. Amapereka kagayidwe kazakudya.
Nthawi yomweyo, pali mahomoni ambiri m'thupi omwe amalimbikitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga, mwachitsanzo, glucagon, adrenaline, mahomoni okula, mahomoni a "command" ndi zina zotero.
Muyezo wa insulin mwa ana
Mlingo wabwinobwino wa mahomoni mwa ana ndi achinyamata ayenera kukhala m'mitundu 3 mpaka 20 μU / ml. M'mabotolo ena, zikhalidwe zabwino zimatha kusintha pang'ono. Chifukwa chake, pochita phunziroli, izi ziyenera kukumbukiridwa.
Mothandizidwa ndi ma pathologies ena, kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi kumatha kuwonjezeka ndikuchepa. Tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane za milandu yomwe ingachitike.
Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, kuponderezana kwa mahomoni kumachepetsa. Matenda amtunduwu amakula makamaka ubwana. Mwanjira imeneyi, ma cell a pancreatic beta amasiya kutulutsa insulin ndipo akafa. Chomwe chimapangitsa kuti kusowa kwa ntchito kumeneku kugoneke m'mavuto a autoimmune.
Kuti athe kulipirira kusowa kwa mahomoni m'thupi, amayendetsedwa ndi jakisoni. Ndi chitukuko cha matendawa, ana amamva ludzu, nthawi zambiri amapita kuchimbudzi "pang'ono", amachepetsa thupi msanga, ndikudandaula ndi mseru komanso kusanza.
Mu achinyamata, kukula kwa shuga kungabisike. Mwana akhoza kukhala ndi totupa pakhungu, amathanso kumva kupweteka m'mutu komanso kutopa. Mankhwalawa matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba, chithandizo cha insulin ndi chofunikira kwambiri.
Mankhwala a insulin amawonjezeka ndi kukula kwa matenda a shuga a mtundu 2, insulinoma ndi hyperplasia ya ma islets a Langerhans. Mwa ana aang'ono ndi achinyamata, hyperplasia ndi insulinoma ndizosowa kwambiri, koma mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga ndiwofala kwambiri. Ndi matenda amtunduwu, insulin imapangidwa, koma ma cell a cell sawazindikira, glucose samayamwa ndikuwunjikana m'magazi.
Chithandizo cha matenda amtundu wa 2 chimaphatikizira mankhwala a hypoglycemic, zakudya, komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi.
Zomwe zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa insulin
Zotsatira zakuwunika zitha kuwonetsa kuchuluka kwamahomoni. Nthawi zambiri izi zikuwonetsa kukula kapena kupita patsogolo kwa ma pathologies akulu omwe muyenera kuyambitsa nkhondo.
Zinthu monga kukhathamiritsa thupi kwambiri, kusakhazikika maganizo ndi kupsinjika, njira yodziyimira payekha ya matenda ashuga, acromegaly - mahomoni okula ochulukirapo, ma ocycystic ovomerezeka mwa amayi, onenepa kwambiri, Itsenko syndrome - atha kukhala zina mwa zomwe zimapangitsa kuti insulin ikhale yolimba mwa ana ndi akulu. Cushing, insulin kukana, dystrophic myotonia - neuromuscular matenda, insulinoma, zotupa mu kapamba ndi khansa, kuphwanya gland ntchito.
Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga omwe amamwa mankhwala omwe ali ndi insulin ayenera kutsatira mlingo woyenera. Ndi kuyambitsa voliyumu yayikulu kuposa momwe ikufunikira, hypoglycemia imachitika - mkhalidwe womwe kuchuluka kwa glucose kumatsika kwambiri, ndipo zomwe zili ndi insulin, m'malo mwake, zimayamba. Pankhaniyi, munthu wawonjezera thukuta, kusokonezeka kwa chikumbumtima, tachycardia, nseru, kukomoka.
Ngati zizindikirazi zikapezeka, kugonekedwa kuchipatala ndikofunikira. Dokotala amayambitsa njira yothetsera shuga kwa wodwalayo, ndipo wodwalayo akabwereranso mwakale, amapatsidwa chakudya chokhala ndi shuga komanso chakudya chochuluka.
Zifukwa zochepetsera kuchuluka kwa insulin
Mankhwala ochepa a insulin samalola glucose kulowa m'maselo a thupi. Zotsatira zake, zimadziunjikira m'magazi. Njira ngati imeneyi imayambitsa matenda amishuga mwa munthu - ludzu, kukodza pafupipafupi, njala yayikulu, kusakwiya komanso kutopa.
Komabe, kuti muwone motsimikiza chifukwa chomwe zizindikirazi zimachitikira, muyenera kudutsanso kusanthula kwa kuchuluka kwa insulin. Pachifukwa ichi, magazi amatengedwa kuchokera kumitsempha ya ulnar kupita m'mimba yopanda kanthu. Masiku angapo asanafike mayeso, simungathe kumwa mankhwala, kumwa mopitirira muyeso. Muyeneranso kupewa kuchuluka kwa maswiti ndikupewa kupsinjika kwamphamvu kwamalingaliro. Kulephera kutsatira malangizowa kungasokeretse zotsatira za mayeso.
Kuti mupeze yankho lodalirika, ndikwabwino kuwunika kawiri nthawi imodzi. Loyamba ndi kuyezetsa magazi, ndipo chachiwiri - patatha maola awiri mutamwa njira ya shuga. Kutengera ndi zotsatira zake, adotolo amawonetsetsa kuti ali ndi matendawa mwa mwana kapena wamkulu ndipo akupanga njira yothandizira.
Mulingo wambiri wa insulin ukakhala wochepa kwambiri, izi zitha kuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa imodzi mwazotsatira za zovuta kapena zovuta mwa mwana:
- mtundu 1 matenda a shuga;
- kukhalabe ndi moyo wokhala chete;
- matenda a shuga;
- zovuta zamanjenje;
- kusowa kwanyimbo;
- kumwa kosalekeza chakudya cham'mimba;
- matenda opatsirana ndi ma virus;
- kuchita zolimbitsa thupi kwambiri, makamaka pamimba yopanda kanthu.
Pofuna kupewa kuchuluka kwa insulin yayikulu kapena yotsika, mwana kapena wachinyamata ayenera kukhala ndi zakudya zoyenera. Makolo ayenera kuthandiza pankhaniyi. M'malo mwa bun, chakudya chofulumira ndi maswiti, muyenera kudya masamba ndi zipatso zambiri, zakudya zopatsa thanzi ndi zakudya zamafuta ambiri. Banja liyenera kuchita maphunziro akuthupi.
Izi zitha kukhala chilichonse - kuyendera dziwe, masewera, kuyenda paki, yoga, kulimbitsa thupi ndi zina zambiri. Chachikulu ndichakuti mukhale ndi moyo wogwira ntchito komanso muzikhala ndi zakudya zoyenera. Amathandizira kuwonjezeka kwa kulemera kwa thupi, ndiye kuti kunenepa kwambiri, womwe ndi mnzake wa "matenda a shuga".
Kodi insulini ndi chiyani, ndizochuluka motani komanso kupatuka, pa zonse zomwe zili mu vidiyoyi.
