Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi kumakhala kwakukulu. Kukula kwambiri kwa shuga kungayambitse kuwonongeka, thanzi, komanso kukulitsa zovuta zambiri.
Kukula kwa shuga mu mtundu wa 2 wodwala matenda ashuga kuyenera kuyesetsa kuzindikiritsa "wathanzi", ndiye kuti manambala omwe amapezeka mwa munthu wathanzi labwino. Popeza mankhwalawa amachokera kumagawo a 3.3 mpaka 5.5, ndiye kuti aliyense wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuyesetsa kukhala ndi magawo, motsatana.
Mafuta ochulukirapo amatha chifukwa cha zovuta zina mthupi, kuphatikiza zina zosasinthika. Pachifukwa ichi, odwala matenda ashuga amayenera kuyang'anira matenda awo, kutsatira malangizo onse a dokotala, kutsatira zakudya ndi zakudya zina.
Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuganizira chiyani za shuga zomwe ziyenera kukhala pamimba yopanda kanthu, ndiye kuti, pamimba yopanda kanthu, ndipo mutatha kudya chiyani? Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda? Ndipo kusintha matenda shuga?
Type 2 shuga: shuga wamagazi musanadye
Wodwala akayamba kudwala matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2, shuga wake amayamba kukula. Potengera komwe kuli kuwonongeka, ntchito zamkati ndi machitidwe zimasokonekera, zomwe zimabweretsa zovuta zosiyanasiyana.
Ngati wodwala ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2, ndiye kuti ayenera kuyesetsa kudziwa za shuga zomwe zimapezeka mwa anthu athanzi. Tsoka ilo, pochita, kukwaniritsa ziwerengerozi ndizovuta kwambiri, motero, shuga wololeza wodwala matenda ashuga amatha kukhala okwera pang'ono.
Komabe, izi sizitanthauza kuti kufalikira pakati pamafakitale a shuga kumatha kukhala mayunitsi angapo, kwenikweni, ndizololeka kupitilitsa malire apamwamba a chizolowezi chokhala ndi thanzi laumoyo ndi mayunitsi a 0.3-0.6, koma osatinso.
Zomwe zimayenera kukhala shuga wa magazi mwa odwala omwe akudwala zimatsimikiziridwa payekhapayekha, ndipo chisankhocho chimapangidwa ndi adokotala okha. Mwanjira ina, ndiye kuti wodwala aliyense adzakhala ndi gawo lomwe akufuna.
Posankha momwe muliri, dokotala amakumbukira mfundo zotsatirazi:
- Pathology kulipidwa.
- Kuopsa kwa matendawa.
- Zochitika za matendawa.
- Gulu la odwala.
- Matenda onga.
Amadziwika kuti mitengo yokhazikika kwa munthu wachikulire imakwera pang'ono poyerekeza ndi achinyamata. Chifukwa chake, ngati wodwalayo ali ndi zaka 60 kapena kuposerapo, ndiye kuti msonkho womwe akufuna azingowerengera gulu lake, osati china.
Shuga wokhala ndi matenda a shuga a 2 (pamimba yopanda kanthu), monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, amayenera kukhala ndi ziwonetsero zachilendo za munthu wathanzi, komanso ndizosiyanasiyana kuyambira magawo 3,3 mpaka 5.5. Komabe, zimachitika kawirikawiri kuti ndizovuta kuchepetsa glucose mpaka malire apamwamba, chifukwa chake, wodwala matenda ashuga, shuga m'thupi amavomerezeka mkati mwa magawo 6.1-6.2.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti ndi matenda a mtundu wachiwiri, zizindikiro za shuga musanadye zingakhudzidwe ndi matenda ena am'mimba, chifukwa cha momwe mayamwidwe a shuga amachokera.
Shuga mutatha kudya
Ngati wodwala ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 kapena mtundu wa 2, ndiye kuti shuga yake yofulumira ayenera kulimbikira ndi miyezo yovomerezeka kwa munthu wathanzi. Kusiyana ndi machitidwe amenewo ndi pomwe dokotala payekha amatsimikiza muyezo wa chipatala.
Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikatha kudya kumakhala kwakwera kwambiri kuposa nthawi yomwe munthu asanadye. Kusiyanasiyana kwa Zizindikiro kumatengera kapangidwe kazakudya, kuchuluka kwa chakudya chambiri chomwe umalandira ndi thupi.
Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi la munthu mutatha kudya chakudya kumachitika pakatha theka la ola kapena ola limodzi. Mwachitsanzo, mwa munthu wathanzi, chiwerengerochi chimatha kufikira ma 10,0-12.0, ndipo odwala matenda ashuga amatha kukhala okwanira kangapo.
Mwa munthu wathanzi, mchere wambiri ukatha kudya umachuluka, koma njirayi ndiyachilendo, ndipo kuperewera kwake kumachepa pakokha. Koma mwa odwala matenda ashuga, zonse ndizosiyana, chifukwa chake, amalimbikitsidwa zakudya zapadera.
Popeza kuchuluka kwa glucose m'thupi motsutsana ndi shuga
- Phunziroli limalimbikitsidwa kwa odwala matenda ashuga, komanso anthu omwe ali ndi mwayi wambiri wokhala ndi matenda a shuga. Mwachitsanzo, anthu omwe ali ndi mavuto chifukwa cha chibadwire.
- Chiyesocho chimakupatsani mwayi kuti muwone momwe glucose amamangidwira motsutsana ndi maziko a mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda.
- Zotsatira zoyesazi zimatha kudziwa mtundu wa prediabetes, womwe umathandizira kuyambitsa chithandizo chokwanira mwachangu.
Kuti achite izi, wodwalayo amatenga magazi kuchokera pachala kapena kuchokera mu mtsempha. Pakatha shuga katundu. Mwanjira ina, munthu ayenera kumwa magalamu 75 a shuga, omwe amasungunuka mumadzi ofunda.
Kenako amatenga shuga wina theka la ola pambuyo pake, pambuyo pa mphindi 60, kenako maola 2 atatha kudya (shuga katundu). Kutengera zotsatira, titha kuzindikira zofunikira.
Zomwe zimayenera kukhala ndi shuga mutatha kudya ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga, komanso kuchuluka kwa chiphuphu cha matenda, zitha kuwoneka patebulo pansipa:
- Ngati zisonyezo za m'mimba yopanda kanthu zimasiyana magawo 4,5 mpaka 6.0, mukatha kudya kuchokera ku mayunitsi 7.5 mpaka 8.0, komanso nthawi yogona musanadye, mayunitsi 6.0-7.0, ndiye kuti titha kukambirana za kubwezera zabwino matendawa.
- Momwe zisonyezo pamimba yopanda kanthu zimachokera ku mayunitsi 6.1 mpaka 6.5, mutatha kudya mayunitsi 8.1-9.0, ndipo nthawi yomweyo musanakagone kuyambira magawo 7.1 mpaka 7.5, ndiye kuti titha kukambirana za kubwezeredwa kwapakati pa matenda.
- Muzochitika pomwe zizindikirozo zimakhala pamwamba pa mayunitsi 6.5 pamimba yopanda kanthu (zaka za wodwalayo zilibe kanthu), mutatha maola ochepa mutatha kudya zopitilira 9,0, komanso musanagone pamwamba pa mayunitsi 7.5, izi zikuwonetsa mtundu wa matenda.
Monga momwe machitidwe akuwonetsera, zambiri zowerengeka zamagazi (magazi), matenda a shuga sizikhudza.
Nthawi zina, pamakhalanso kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'thupi.
Zolemba za shuga
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti kuchuluka kwa shuga mthupi la munthu kumatengera msinkhu wake. Mwachitsanzo, ngati wodwala ali ndi zaka zopitilira 60, ndiye kuti ali ndi zaka zake, mitengo yotsika imakhala yocheperako poyerekeza ndi wazaka 30 mpaka 40.
Ana, nawonso, kuchuluka kwa glucose (kwabwinobwino) kumakhala kotsika poyerekeza ndi kwa munthu wamkulu, ndipo izi zimawonedwa mpaka zaka 11-12. Kuyambira ana azaka 11 mpaka 12 zakubadwa, zisonyezo zawo za shuga m'magazi azinthu zimafanana ndi ziwerengero za akulu.
Limodzi mwa malamulo oyendetsera chiphuphu cha matenda opatsirana ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga mthupi la wodwalayo. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti muwone kusintha kwa glucose, kuti muzililamulira pamlingo wofunikira, kuti mupewe kuchuluka kwa zinthuzo.
Monga momwe zamankhwala zimasonyezera, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 komanso a 2 amamva bwino kwambiri m'mawa asanadye. Mwa ena, kukhala bwino kumakulirakudya masana kapena kumadzulo.
Maziko othandizira odwala matenda amtundu wa 2 ndi zakudya zoyenera, zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi komanso mankhwala. Ngati matenda oyamba apezeka, wodwalayo amalangizidwa kuperekanso insulin.
Muyenera kuyeza shuga m'magazi pafupipafupi. Monga lamulo, njirayi imagwira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mita ya shuga m'magazi komanso motere:
- Atangogona tulo.
- Asanadye chakudya choyamba.
- Maola asanu aliwonse pambuyo pokhazikitsa mahomoni.
- Nthawi iliyonse musanadye.
- Pambuyo maola awiri mutadya.
- Pambuyo zolimbitsa thupi.
- Usiku.
Kuti muthane ndi matenda awo bwinobwino, odwala matenda ashuga amtundu uliwonse ayenera kuyeza shuga wawo kangapo patsiku. Kuphatikiza apo, zotsatira zonse zomwe zapezedwa ndizofunikira kuti ziwonetsedwe muzolemba. Kusunga nthawi komanso kusamala kwambiri kwa shuga m'magazi kudzakuthandizani kuti muwone momwe matendawa amayendera.
Kuphatikiza apo, tsikuli likuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa zochita zolimbitsa thupi, kuchuluka kwa chakudya, menyu, mankhwala ndi zina.
Momwe mungasinthire shuga?
Zochita zikuwonetsa kuti kudzera mukuwongolera mayendedwe anu, mutha kulipirira matendawa, ndipo munthu atha kukhala moyo wathunthu. Nthawi zambiri, dokotalayo amalimbikitsa kaye kudya komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kuti muchepetse shuga.
Ngati njirazi kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi (kapena zaka) sizinapereke chithandizo chofunikira, ndiye kuti mankhwalawa amayikidwa kuti athandizire kukula kwa glucose pamlingo womwe mukufuna.
Mapiritsi amayikidwa ndi dokotala yekha, yemwe amadalira zotsatira za mayeso, kutalika kwa matendawo, kusintha komwe kwachitika mthupi la odwala matenda ashuga ndi mfundo zina.
Chakudya chili ndi mawonekedwe ake:
- Ngakhale kumwa kwa chakudya chamafuta tsiku lonse.
- Kudya zakudya zopanda mafuta ochepa.
- Kuwongolera kalori.
- Kukana kwa zinthu zoyipa (mowa, khofi, confectionery ndi zina).
Mukamatsatira malangizo a zopatsa thanzi, mutha kuwongolera shuga yanu, ndipo idzakhalabe m'malire oyenera kwa nthawi yayitali.
Tisaiwale za zolimbitsa thupi. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi othandizira odwala matenda ashuga kumathandizira kuti glucose akhazikike, ndipo imakonzedwa ndikukhala gawo la mphamvu.
Mtundu woyamba ndi wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga: kusiyana
Matenda "okoma" sikuti amangokhala njira yokhayo yomwe imayambitsa zovuta zambiri, komanso matenda omwe amaopseza ndi zovuta zina, omwe amachititsa kuti thanzi lathu lisadzaoneke.
Pali mitundu yambiri ya matenda a shuga, koma nthawi zambiri mitundu yoyamba ndi yachiwiri ya matenda amapezeka, ndipo mitundu yake yapadera sapezeka.
Mtundu woyamba wa shuga umadalira insulin, ndipo umadziwika ndi kuwonongeka kwa maselo a pancreatic. Njira ya viral kapena autoimmune, yomwe imakhazikika pakusokonekera kwa machitidwe a chitetezo cha mthupi, imatha kubweretsa njira yosasintha mu thupi.
Zolemba za mtundu woyamba wamatenda:
- Nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa ana aang'ono, achinyamata komanso achinyamata.
- Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga umaphatikizana ndi kayendetsedwe ka mahomoni mwadongosolo.
- Zitha kuphatikizidwa ndi concomitant autoimmune pathologies.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti asayansi atsimikizira tsogolo lamtunduwu wa matenda ashuga. Ngati kholo limodzi kapena onse ali ndi matenda, ndiye kuti mwana wawo angakulireni.
Mtundu wachiwiri wamatenda sudalira ma insulin. Mu mawonekedwe awa, timadzi timene timapangidwa ndi kapamba, ndipo amatha kukhala m'thupi mambiri, komabe, minyewa yofewa imalephera kuigwira. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka wazaka 40 zakubadwa.
Mosasamala mtundu wa shuga mellitus, kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino, odwala ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa shuga wawo mthupi pamlingo wazofunikira. Kanemayo munkhaniyi akufotokozerani momwe mungachepetse shuga kuti akhale wabwinobwino.
