Mankhwala othandizira odwala matenda ashuga a mtundu wa 2 ndi mtundu wa thandizo kuchokera ku boma. Matenda a shuga ndi matenda osokoneza bongo, omwe kukula kwake kumayambitsa zovuta zingapo. Izi zitha kukhala vuto, masoka, chiwindi, impso ndi zina.
Zikatero, anthu ena odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kusiya ntchito zawo zaluso. Choyamba, izi zimagwira ntchito yofunafuna chidwi chachikulu, mwachitsanzo, kuyendetsa magalimoto kapena kuwongolera njira zovuta.
Kuphatikiza apo, chithandizo cha matenda ashuga pakadali pano chimafuna kuti wodwala azikhala ndi ndalama zambiri. Mtengo wa mankhwala ambiri ndiwokwera kwambiri, ndipo si aliyense amene angakwanitse. Mwa izi, boma limapereka maubwino - thandizo laumoyo, ndalama zapenshoni ndi mankhwala (kwaulere).
Magulu Ovutika ndi Matenda a shuga
Choyamba, muyenera kudziwa kuti munthu wodwala matenda a shuga ndi uti. Chifukwa cha zotsatira za kafukufukuyu, zimatha kudziwika m'magulu a olumala 1, 2 kapena 3.
Gulu loyamba limakhala ndi odwala omwe awononga kwambiri magwiridwe antchito, zida zam'magazi zakhala zikuchitika, pali mwayi wokhala ndi thrombosis komanso chikomokere pafupipafupi. Odwala otere sangathe kuchita popanda kuyang'aniridwa ndi akunja, ndizovuta kuti adzipulumutse.
Gulu lachiwiri la olumala limayendetsedwa kuti lipangitse kulephera kwa aimpso, kusokonezeka kwamaganizidwe kumbuyo kwa matenda ashuga komanso matenda ashuga. Potere, anthu amakula kwambiri chifukwa cha matendawa, koma amatha kutero popanda kuthandizidwa ndi wina aliyense.
Gulu lachitatu lakonzedwa kwa odwala onse omwe adapezeka ndi matenda amtundu 1 kapena matenda a shuga.
Anthu otere ndi oyenera kulandira mankhwala aulere ndi zolembera anthu olumala. Kuphatikiza apo, ayitani matenda ashuga 1 omwe sangathe kudzipenda okha atha kupatsidwa zinthu zina zofunikira za pakhomo komanso zofunikira.
Mutha kudziwa zambiri zamabwino ena omwe ali pansipa.
Ufulu wa matenda a shuga umapindulitsa
Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi "matenda okoma" ali ndi chidwi ndi funso, kodi mankhwala aulere ndiye chowonadi kapena zabodza? Mosakayikira, izi ndi zowona. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi mtundu uliwonse wamatenda amapatsidwa mankhwala osangalatsa.
Kuphatikiza apo, odwala omwe atsimikizira kulumala amayenera kulandira phukusi lonse lazachipatala. Izi zikutanthauza kuti odwala amapatsidwa ufulu kamodzi zaka zitatu zilizonse kuti akhale ndi kupumula kwaulere mu dispensary.
Mautumiki osiyanasiyana okondera amaperekedwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo, kutengera mtundu wake.
Chifukwa, mwachitsanzo, ndi mtundu wa 1 matenda, odwala akhoza kulandira:
- insulin ndi syringes ya jakisoni;
- kuchipatala kuchipatala chofufuzira (ngati kuli kofunikira);
- chida chodziwira glycemia ndi zida zake (mizere 3 yoyesera patsiku).
Nthawi zambiri, mtundu wodwala wa shuga womwe amadalira insulin umadzetsa kudwala kwa wodwala. Zikatero, amapatsidwa mwayi wopeza mankhwala okwera mtengo omwe samaphatikizidwa mndandanda wamankhwala aulere. Komabe, amaperekedwa mosamalitsa monga momwe dokotala amafotokozera. Dziwani kuti mankhwala omwe amalembedwa kuti "Odziwika" amaperekedwa mkati mwa masiku 10, ndi psychotropic - kwa masabata awiri.
Ndi matenda a shuga a 2, odwala ali ndi ufulu kulandira:
- Mankhwala a Hypoglycemic (Mlingo wofotokozedwawu umawonetsedwa ndi dokotala, zotsatira zake zimatenga mwezi 1).
- Glucometer ndi chingwe choyesera (mpaka atatu zidutswa) patsiku odwala omwe akufuna insulin.
- Mikwingwirima yoyesa yokha (odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2 omwe safuna jakisoni wa insulin, kupatula odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lowona).
Amayi pa nthawi yoyembekezera komanso ana (mpaka azaka 18) ali ndi ufulu wogula osati mankhwala ndi jakisoni, komanso zida zaulere zoyezera shuga ndi zolembera.
Kuphatikiza apo, ana amatha kupumula kwaulere mu sanatorium, ulendowo womwewo udzalipiridwa ndi boma.
Mndandanda wa mankhwala aulere a hypoglycemic
Kwa odwala matenda a shuga, mndandanda waukulu wa mankhwala aulere a 2017 amaperekedwa. Tiyeneranso kukumbukiranso kuti mutha kuwapeza pa pharmacy pokhapokha mutapatsidwa mankhwala ndi endocrinologist.
Ngati dokotala wakupatsani mankhwala a shuga, muyenera kudziwa ngati ali pamndandanda wamankhwala okondera. Mungafunike kufunsa dokotala kuti akupatseni mankhwala ena.
Ngati akukana kupereka mankhwala, wodwala ayenera kudandaula kwa wamkulu wa dipatimenti kapena dokotala wamkulu wa chipatalacho.
Nanga ndi mankhwala ati omwe angapatsidwe kwaulere? Mndandandandawu umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala a hypoglycemic:
- Acarbose (pamapiritsi);
- Glibenclamide;
- Glycidone;
- Glucophage
- Glibenclamide + Metformin;
- Glimepiride;
- Mapiritsi a Glyclazide (chosinthika);
- Glipizide;
- Metformin;
- Rosiglitazone;
- Repaglinide.
Odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu woyamba komanso nthawi zina wachiwiri wa shuga amapatsidwa mankhwala okhala ndi insulin. Chololedwa cha insulini yaulere:
- Mwanjira ya yankho la subcutaneous makonzedwe - glargine, detemir ndi biphasic munthu.
- Ma ampoules a jakisoni - lispro, aspart, soluble munthu.
- Mwanjira yoyimitsa jakisoni, aspart ndi biphasic komanso isofran.
Kuphatikiza pazopindulitsa izi za mankhwala othandizira odwala matenda ashuga, 100g ya ethanol ndi syringes ndi singano ingaperekedwenso. Komabe, simungathe kulandira mankhwala aulere kuchokera kwa endocrinologist popanda zolemba zotsatirazi:
- kufunsa phindu;
- mapasipoti
- kuchuluka kwa inshuwaransi yaakaunti yaumwini (SNILS);
- satifiketi ku Pension Fund;
Kuphatikiza apo, inshuwaransi ya chipatala iyenera kuperekedwa.
Mndandanda wamankhwala ena okondera
Mankhwala opatsirana amaperekedwa osati kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa shuga, komanso matenda ena okhudzana ndi matenda a shuga.
Ndi ma pathologies a chiwindi, wolandila ali ndi ufulu kulandira phospholipids ndi glycyrrhizic acid m'mapiritsi, komanso lyophilisate mwanjira yankho la jakisoni mu mtsempha.
Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amatha kupeza mankhwala omwe amathandizira kukonza chimbudzi, makamaka enzymatic. Ichi ndiye pancreatin m'mapiritsi ndi mapiritsi.
Kuphatikiza apo, kwa odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu woyamba wa 2 ndi "matenda okoma," madokotala amalembedwa kwaulere:
- Chiwerengero chachikulu cha mavitamini, komanso maofesi awo: alfacalcidol, retinol, calcitriol, colecalciferol, ascorbic acid, pyridoxine, thiamine, calcium gluconate, potaziyamu ndi magnesium asparaginate. Komanso mavitamini a Doppelherz a odwala matenda ashuga.
- Mankhwala ambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazovuta zosiyanasiyana za metabolic, kuphatikizapo kukonzekera kwa enzyme ndi ma amino acid: ademetionint, agalsidase alpha, agalsidase beta, velaglucerase alpha, idursulfase, ngaphezululucerase, miglustat, nitizinone, thioctic acid ndi nitizinone.
- Chiwerengero chachikulu cha mankhwala a antithrombotic: warfarin, enoxaparin sodium, heparin sodium, clopidogrel, alteplase, prourokinase, mapuloteni obwerezabwereza, rivaroxaban ndi dabigatran etexilate.
Kwa odwala matenda a shuga, mankhwala amaperekedwa pofuna kuchiza matenda a mtima. Mwachitsanzo, digoxin imapakidwa jakisoni mu mtsempha ndi mapiritsi. Analoleza kuperekedwa kwaulere kwa anti-rheumatic mankhwala monga procainamide ndi lappaconitine hydrobromide.
Gulu la vasolidators zochizira matenda amtima limaphatikizapo isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide mononitrate ndi nitroglycerin.
Ndi ufulu kugula mankhwalawa kuti akapanikizike: methyldopa, clonidine, moxonidine, urapidil, bosentan, komanso okodzetsa, kuphatikizapo hydrochlorothiazide, indapamide, hydrochlorothiazide, furosemide ndi spironolactone.
Kulandila mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndikukana mawu okondera
Mutha kupeza mankhwala a shuga pamayendedwe abwino mu chipatala chapadera cha boma. Wogulitsa mankhwalawa ayenera kupereka mankhwalawa muyezo zomwe zawonetsedwa ndi katswiri wopezekapo.
Nthawi zambiri, komwe akupikiridwayo amapangidwira maphunziro a mwezi umodzi, nthawi zina ochulukirapo. Akamaliza maphunzirowa, wodwalayo ayenera kufunsa dokotala yemwe adzayese kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa. Pankhaniyi, atha kukulemberani za mayeso ndikupatsanso mankhwalawo.
Munthu wodwala matenda a shuga angathe kutuluka mokwanira. Izi zikutanthauza kukana tikiti kupita ku disensary. Pankhaniyi, amalipiridwa ndalama. Koma silingafanane ndi mtengo wa chilolezo, chifukwa chake siyoyenera. Muyenera kungoganiza kuti kukhala milungu iwiri mu sanatorium ndi ma ruble 15,000, koma kubwezeretsedwa ndalama ndizochepa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi chiwerengerochi. Nthawi zambiri imasiyidwa pokhapokha ngati sizotheka kupita kutchuthi.
Komabe, ngakhale atakana phukusi locheza ndi anthu, opindula nawo ali ndi ufulu kulandira mankhwala, zida zoyezera shuga ndi syringe yaulere.
Matenda a shuga amadziwika kuti ndiye "mliri" wazaka zam'ma 2000. Chiwerengero cha odwala matenda ashuga chikuwonjezeka chaka chilichonse. Matendawa amatha kuchitika msanga, kupatsa chidwi anthu omwe azolowera moyo wabwino. Ubwino wa mwana wolumala yemwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1 amaperekedwanso.
Boma, lake, limathandiza odwala omwe ali ndi vutoli. Amapereka mankhwala, penshioni yodwala komanso thandizo laulere kwaulere. Popeza chithandizo cha matenda a shuga ndichokwera mtengo kwambiri, simuyenera kukana thandizo lotere.
Kanemayo munkhaniyi akukamba za zabwino za mtundu uliwonse za matenda ashuga.
