Ntchito ya pocreatic pancreatic ndi chifukwa cha kugwira ntchito kwa ziphuphu. Maselo amtunduwu wogwira ntchito amapanga madzi a pancreatic.
Kuphatikiza pa ntchito ya exocrine, kapambayu amagwira ntchito ya endocrine, yomwe imapangidwa pakupanga mahomoni omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi kayendetsedwe ka kayendedwe ka thupi.
Ma mahomoni akuluakulu opangidwa ndi kapamba ndi insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, vasoactive intestinal peptide ndi pancreatic polypeptide.
Chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito exocrine, thupi limapanga pafupifupi 1.5-2 malita a chakudya chamafuta omwe ali ndi ma enzymes omwe amathandizira kugaya chakudya.
Malinga ndi duct dongosolo, madzi opangidwa pancreatic amachotsedwa mu duodenal lumen.
Zomwe zimapangidwira timinyewa ta m'mimba timene tili ndi:
- Ma michere omwe amaphwanya michere yopanga chakudya;
- madzi
- bicarbonateions, zimathandizira kulumikizika kwa chapamimba madzi kulowa mu duodenum limodzi ndi chakudya chotupa kuchokera m'mimba.
Kubisalira kwa michere kumayendetsedwa ndi mahomoni opangidwa m'matumbo ndi m'mimba.
Zogwira ntchito zomwe zimagwira ntchito zamafuta m'thupi ndi:
- Cholecystokinin.
- Achinsinsi.
- Gastrin.
Izi zonse zofunikira bioactive zimathandizira poletsa pancreatic ntchito.
Kupanga kwa mahomoni kumachitika potsatira zomwe zimachitika potambasulira makoma am'mimba chifukwa chotambasulira makoma am'mimba ndi matumbo mukawadzaza ndi chakudya. Kupanga kwa mahomoni kumalimbikitsidwa ndi madzi a pancreatic, omwe amalowa m'matumbo atatha kudya.
Ntchito za Pancreatic Enzyme
Chimodzi mwazochita zazikulu ndikupanga ma enzymes a pancreatic.
Ma enzyme otero amapereka chimbudzi cha mitundu yonse ya chakudya.
Ma enzyme opangidwa ndi kapamba amakhala m'magulu angapo.
Gulu lalikulu kwambiri la ma enzymes ndi ma protein. Kuchulukitsa kwa gululi la michere ya pancreatic kumachitika chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa mitundu yambiri yama protein.
Ma enzymes a proteinolytic omwe amapukusa mapuloteni ena amaphatikizira izi:
- chymotrypsin;
- elastase;
- trypsin;
- carboxypeptidase.
Kuphatikiza pa izi, chitsulo chimapanga:
- Lipase - phula lomwe limaphwanya mafuta.
- Amylase ndi gawo lomwe limagawika polysaccharides.
- Mitsempha yamagetsi ndi zovuta za ma enzymes omwe amatsimikizira kufalikira kwa ma nucleic acid.
Ngati pali zosokoneza pakupanga zigawo za madzi a pancreatic, zovuta zina zam'mimba zimayang'aniridwa, zomwe zimayambitsa kugaya chakudya chosakwanira komanso zovuta zama metabolic.
Kulephera pakupanga ma enzymes kumayambitsa kukula kwa exocrine pancreatic insufficiency.
Kuphwanya kwa procrine pancreatic ntchito
Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a exocrine pancreatic function is the development of organ organ organ. Nthawi zambiri, izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kufooka kwa minofu mu kapamba kapena pancreatic yayikulu, pomwe njira yotupa imayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa gawo la pancreatic parenchyma.
Ntchito ya procrine imakhala yovuta kwambiri kwa odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi kapamba.
Kukhazikika kwatsimikizika mwasayansi pakati pa kukula kwa kulephera, kusuta ndi chifuwa chachikulu.
Zina zomwe zimayambitsa chitukuko cha matendawa ndi izi:
- Oncological neoplasm mu minyewa ya England.
- Kuchotsa opaleshoni ya gawo la tiziwalo timene timatulutsa.
- Kumachitika kwa blockage wa zikondamoyo.
- Kukula kwa celiac enteropathy.
- Kukula kwa matenda a Crohn.
- Kupita patsogolo kwa autoimmune pancreatitis.
- Matenda a shuga.
- Kukula mthupi la Zollinger-Ellison.
- Zochita pambuyo pa opaleshoni m'mimba.
- Kukula kwa kutaya matenda.
Chifukwa china chopitilira kuchepa kwa kapamba ndi kuchepa kwa thupi la wodwalayo la cystic fibrosis kapena cystic fibrosis, njira yotsimikizika mwanjira yomwe kupangika kwa chimbudzi kwamkati ndi kwa bronchioles kumawonedwa m'malo opukusa ndi kupuma.
Chizindikiro chachikulu cha kusayenda bwino mthupi ndi chimbudzi ndi maonekedwe a vuto la dyspeptic.
Izi zimadziwika ndi maonekedwe a zizindikiro zazikulu zotsatirazi:
- ma polyfecals;
- zopumira pafupipafupi ndi zotayirira;
- kuwoneka kwa mafuta mu ndowe;
- zimachitika pafupipafupi kutulutsa;
- kuwonda.
Pankhani ya kukula kwa endocrine kuchepa, wodwalayo amakula shuga. Mtunduwu wa shuga ndi wosavuta kuposa mtundu 1 shuga. Izi ndichifukwa choti si maselo onse a zisumbu za Langerhans.
Nthawi zambiri, odwala oterowo pakapita kanthawi kochepa amafunika kukhazikitsa milingo yowonjezera ya insulin.
Nthawi zina, zimakhala kuti magazi amasintha magazi pogwiritsa ntchito zakudya zapadera komanso mankhwala a hypoglycemic.
Zizindikiro ndi kuzindikira kwa exocrine kulephera
Mkhalidwe wakusakwanira ndizovuta kuzindikira. Izi ndichifukwa choti zonse zomwe zimadziwika ndi matenda am'chiberekero izi ndi zofanana ndi matenda ena, mwa omwe mumakhala matenda monga mkwiyo wamatumbo, zilonda zam'mimba, cholelithiasis, njira yotupa m'matumbo ndi ena ambiri.
Kuwonetsera kofala kwambiri kwa kulephera kwa procrine gland ndi kupezeka kwa matenda otsekula m'mimba komanso kuwonda.
Chizindikiro china cha matenda a m'matumbo chimatha kukhala kukhazikika kwa hypovitaminosis, yowonetsedwa misomali yochepa ndi tsitsi.
Vuto lodziwitsa matenda amtundu wa m'magazi limakhala loti silimawoneka mpaka limba litayika mpaka 90% ya mphamvu yake yogwira. Munthawi yonseyi, wodwalayo samawonetsa zizindikilo ndipo kupusa kumakhala kwacibadwa.
Kutsimikizira kapena kutsutsa kuti matendawa alipo, mayeso angapo a labotale amachitika, kuphatikiza:
- Kusanthula kwamaganizidwe.
- Kuyesedwa kwa magazi ndi shuga ndi katundu.
- Kuyesa kwa magazi kwamavitamini ndi mafuta acids.
- Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa shuga.
Kuphatikiza apo, tomography yowerengera imachitidwa, yomwe imakulolani kuti muzindikire zomwe zimayambitsa kuwoneka kwa vuto la pathological mu kugwira ntchito kwa chiwalo.
Chithandizo ndi kupewa matenda
Chithandizo cha matenda a pathological amafunika kuti ayambe kutha posachedwa atazindikira matendawa.
Njira yayikulu yothandizira ndi kulandira mankhwala ndi ma pancreatic enzymes.
Pakukonzanso mankhwala, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mankhwalawa amakhala ndi michere yayikulu ya pancreatic ndipo, nthawi zina, zowonjezera zogwira ntchito.
Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ali ndi ntchito ya lipolytic, amylolytic ndi proteinolytic.
Mankhwalawa ndi monga:
- Pancreatin
- Mezim;
- Panzinorm;
- Chikondwerero;
- Chiboni
- Pangrol ndi ena.
Kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala olowa mmalo kumakupatsani mwayi kuti mutulutse ziphuphu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ayambenso. Kuthandizira pazinthu zokhazokha sikubwezeretsanso kugwira ntchito kwa chiwalo, koma kumakupatsani mwayi wothandizira thupi kwa nthawi yayitali.
Ntchito yayikulu pakuthandizira matenda a matenda ammimba imachitika ndi kukumbukiridwa kwa zakudya zoyenera komanso moyo wathanzi.
Nthawi zambiri, dokotala yemwe amalandila amalimbikitsa kupewa kupsinjika, kusiya kusuta, kumwa mowa, komanso kusintha zakudya zina zabwino.
Kuphatikiza apo, tikulimbikitsidwa kusamala chakudya komanso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zakudya zamafuta ndikutenga zowonjezera za vitamini, makamaka mavitamini A, D, E ndi K.
Kapangidwe ndi kagwiridwe kake kofotokozedwera kanema mu nkhaniyi.
