Malire apamwamba a glucose ndi magawo 5.5. Pazifukwa zingapo zosagwirizana, shuga amatha kukula mpaka kukhala milingo yayikulu, yomwe iyenera kuchepetsedwa. Chifukwa chake, funso likubwera: chochita ngati shuga m'magazi ndi 14?
Matenda a shuga ndi njira yodziwika bwino yomwe imadziwika ndi kuphwanya kwa shuga m'thupi la munthu. Kuchuluka kwa shuga kwa nthawi yayitali kumapangitsa kuti ziwalo zamkati ndi machitidwe zizigwira ntchito bwino.
Popewa kukula kwamavuto, matendawa amayenera kuwongoleredwa kudzera pakudya chamagulu olimbitsa thupi, zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi, kumwa mankhwala (ngati atchulidwa ndi dokotala), ndi njira zina.
M'pofunika kuganizira momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito, komanso zoyenera kuchita kuti muchepetse shuga mumagazi omwe mukufuna? Kodi shuga imachepetsa bwanji chakudya choyenera komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi? Kodi njira za mankhwala ena zingathandizire?
Chithandizo cha matenda amtundu 1 shuga
Pali mitundu ingapo ya matenda ashuga osawoneka bwino, koma matchulidwe omwe amapezeka kwambiri ndi mtundu 1 ndi mtundu 2 matenda. Matenda a mtundu wachiwiri amapezeka mu 90% ya milandu yazithunzi, ndipo mitundu 1 imapezeka mwa odwala pafupifupi 5-10%.
Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga chimayambira pakubweretsa timadzi mu thupi la munthu, kudya moyenera komanso kuchita zolimbitsa thupi. Ngati wodwalayo ali ndi mapaundi owonjezera, ndiye kuti adokotala angalimbikitsenso mapiritsi. Mwachitsanzo, Siofor.
Komabe, polankhula zambiri, zamankhwala zimawonetsa kuti mapiritsi satenga gawo lofunikira kwambiri, muzochitika zambiri, pamankhwala othandizira, mutha kuchita popanda kupangana.
Chifukwa chake, magawo akuluakulu azithandizo ndi:
- Insulin
- Zakudya
- Masewera
Odwala ali ndi chidwi ndi njira zatsopano komanso zoyesera zomwe zimawapulumutsa ku insulin tsiku lililonse. Kafukufuku akuchitikadi, koma palibe zomwe zikuchitika mpaka pano.
Chifukwa chake, njira yokhayo yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wokhala ndi moyo wonse ndikugwira ntchito moyenera ndi jakisoni wa mahomoni "abwino akale".
Ngati shuga akwera mpaka magawo 14-15, ayenera kuchitanji? Tsoka ilo, insulini yokha ndi yomwe ingathandize kuchepetsa zisonyezo, koma zotsatirazi zikuthandizira kupewa kuwonjezeka kwa glucose obwera mthupi:
- Tiyenera kukhala ndi udindo wonse pakubwera ndi thanzi lathu komanso kutalika kwa moyo wathu, chifukwa matenda a shuga ndi osatha. Ndikofunikira kuphunzira zambiri za matenda osachiritsika, kutsatira malangizo onse a dokotala.
- Kubayidwa insulin yayitali usiku komanso m'mawa. Ndikofunikira kupatsa mahomoni othamangira kudya musanadye. Mlingo wake umaperekedwa ndi adokotala okha.
- Pewani shuga m'magazi kangapo patsiku. Kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu muzakudya.
- Zakudya zanu zimayenera kupangidwa mwanjira yoti glucose sawonjezeka kwambiri mutatha kudya. Izi zimafuna kusiya zakudya zonse zomwe zimapangitsa kuti shuga iwonjezeke.
- Chinsinsi chokhala ndi thanzi lanu ndikuchita zolimbitsa thupi mokhazikika, zomwe zimathandizira chidwi cha maselo kupita ku mahomoni. Kuphatikiza apo, masewera amathandizira kuchepa kwamatenda am'mimba, komanso zimakhudza thanzi lathunthu.
- Kanani mowa, kusuta.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti pochiza matenda ashuga, odwala ambiri amatembenukira ku mankhwala ena kuti akathandizidwe. Tsoka ilo, machitidwe akuwonetsa kuti ndi mtundu wamtunduwu, zamankhwala azamankhwala ochepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi sizothandiza kwambiri.
Cholinga chachikulu cha munthu wodwala matenda ashuga ndi kukwaniritsa kuchuluka kwa shuga mkati mwa mayunitsi 5.5, onse pamimba yopanda kanthu ndikatha kudya.
Ndi ziwerengero izi zomwe zimawoneka ngati chizolowezi kwa munthu wathanzi, ndikuletsa zovuta za matenda.
Type 2 shuga
Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga osagwiritsidwa ntchito masiku ano ndiofala kwambiri poyerekeza ndi mtundu woyamba wa matenda. Ndipo imapezeka pafupifupi 90% ya milandu. Pafupifupi 80% ya odwala ndi onenepa kapena onenepa kwambiri.
Manambala azachipatala akuwonetsa kuti kulemera kwa odwala kumapitilira muyeso 20 peresenti yoyenera. Komanso kunenepa kwambiri "ndikwapadera." Monga lamulo, imadziwika ndi kufalikira kwa mafuta pamimba ndi thupi lakumwamba. Mwanjira ina, kapangidwe ka munthu amatenga mawonekedwe a apulo.
Ngati matenda oyamba a matenda ofunika amafuna kuti pakhale insulin yoyambirira, popeza momwe matendawa amachitikira, ndiye kuti ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda, adokotala amayesetsa kuti athane ndi njira zosagwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa.
Chifukwa chake, matenda a shuga amathandizidwa ndi njira zotsatirazi:
- Zakudya zoyenera, zomwe zimaphatikizapo zakudya zopanda mafuta ambiri, ndipo musachulukitse kuchuluka kwa glucose mukatha kudya.
- Zochita zolimbitsa thupi zokwanira.
Zochita zamankhwala zimawonetsa kuti kusewera masewera (kuthamanga pang'onopang'ono, kuyenda mwachangu ndi ena) kumathandizira kuchepetsa zomwe zili ndi shuga mthupi ndikukhazikika pamlingo wofunikira kuphatikiza ndi zakudya.
Nthawi zina, dokotala angalimbikitse mapiritsi omwe amathandizira kuchepetsa magazi. Komabe, samayikidwa mwachangu, pokhapokha atalephera kukwaniritsa zochiritsika ndi njira zomwe tafotokozazi.
Wodwala aliyense yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ali ndi gawo lake la shuga, lomwe amalimbikitsidwa kuti azichita.
Zoyenera - ngati wodwalayo amachepetsa chizindikirocho kukhala magawo 5.5, osati oyipa - ngati mpaka 6,1 mayunitsi.
Shuga 14, mutani?
Moona, ngakhale kufala kwamatenda ambiri, zambiri zambiri komanso zina, palibe njira zabwino zochizira zomwe zingapulumutse wodwalayo mavuto.
Matenda a shuga amayenera kuthandizidwa kuyambira pomwe amapezeka, mpaka kumapeto kwa moyo. Ngati m'mawu ena, ndiye atakhazikitsa matenda, wodwalayo ayenera kuzindikira kuti moyo wake wasintha kwambiri.
Kutsata malamulo onse ndi malingaliro pokhapokha kumakupatsani mwayi wokhala ndi moyo wabwino, ndipo sizingalole zovuta. Kupatuka kulikonse kuzakudya, ndi zina zambiri. imapangitsa shuga kuwuka kwambiri, mpaka magulu 14 kapena kupitirira.
Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amapanga zolakwika zambiri zomwe zimakhudza nthawi yomweyo kuchuluka kwa shuga mthupi. Ganizirani kwambiri za izi:
- Njala. Simungakhale wanjala ndikudziyimitsa chakudya, njira zotere sizikubweretsa zabwino. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti ndidye zopatsa thanzi komanso zosiyanasiyana, koma okhawo omwe amaphatikizidwa pamndandanda wololedwa.
- Simungadye kwambiri, ngakhale zakudya zomwe zili ndi zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi chakudya chambiri. Ndikofunikira kumaliza chakudyacho nthawi yomweyo, monga momwe wodwalayo akumvera.
- Osakhudzidwa ndi momwe kumavutikira njala, koma kulibe "chakudya choyenera" pamenepa. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kukonzekera tsiku lanu m'mawa, kunyamula zokhwasula-khwasula.
- Osachepera shuga. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuyeza zizindikiro za glucose mpaka 7 pa tsiku, mutatha kudya, kutsitsa, ndi zina zambiri.
- Ngati chithandizo cha insulin chikufunika, sizoyenera kuimikiridwa. Hormayo imathandizira kukulitsa chiyembekezo cha moyo, imasintha bwino kwambiri mtundu wake.
Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amalangizidwa kuti azisunga zolemba pomwe azalemba zonse zokhudza tsiku lawo.
Mutha kujambula zambiri pazowonetsa shuga momwemo, kaya panali nkhawa, zochita zolimbitsa thupi, zomwe zinachitika pa nkhomaliro, kadzutsa, chakudya chamadzulo, momwe mumamverera komanso zinthu zina.
Chakudya chochepetsa shuga
Zakudya za odwala matenda ashuga zilizonse ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa ndi zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi chakudya chochepa muzipangidwe, zamafuta ochepa, zopatsa mphamvu zochepa. Ndikwabwino kuti muzikonda masamba ndi zipatso, zomwe zimakhala ndi mavitamini komanso michere yambiri.
Sizopweteka kudya zakudya zambiri za chimanga, chifukwa zimathandizira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga mthupi, kupewa kupezeka kwa cholesterol yoyipa, amakupatsani mwayi wokwanira komanso osamva njala.
Pamodzi ndi zakudya zoyenera, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kukumbukira mokwanira. Kuchiza matenda ashuga ndi njira yovuta kwambiri, ndipo zimangothandiza kuchepetsa zovuta.
Kuteteza shuga m'magazi, tikulimbikitsidwa kulabadira izi:
- Zakudya zamagulu. Mutha kudya ng'ombe, nkhuku, nyama yamwana wamchere. Ndikofunika kusankha kuphika kapena kuphika. Mutha kudya nsomba zotsamira.
- Zakudya ziyenera kukhala m'zakudya tsiku lililonse. Amakhala ndi mavitamini ambiri, mapuloteni, michere m'machitidwe awo, zimakhudza kwambiri kuchuluka kwa shuga mthupi la munthu.
- Mutha kudya zipatso zomwe zimaphatikizapo shuga pang'ono. Ndipo tikulimbikitsidwa kuzigwiritsa ntchito mukatha kudya.
- Zinthu zamkaka wowawasa ndizabwino thupi, koma siziyenera kuzunzidwa.
- Mitengo yatsopano, yophika, yophika ndiye maziko azakudya. Ndi zoletsedwa mwachangu.
- Ndizololedwa kudya zinthu zopangidwa ndi ufa, koma zopangidwa zokha zomwe zimapatsa mphamvu pang'ono.
Pamodzi ndi zinthu zathanzi, zomwe ndizabwino sizikulimbikitsidwa. Izi zimaphatikizapo zakumwa zozizilitsa kukhosi, zakumwa zoledzeretsa, zotsekemera, zophika, zakudya zotsekemera, kuphatikizapo zipatso zotsekemera.
Kuchita kumawonetsa kuti kudya kwa milungu iwiri, malinga ndi malingaliro omwe alembedwa pamwambapa, amakupatsani mwayi wochepetsera shuga mpaka pakufunika, ndikuwukhazikika.
Kuchepetsa shuga kudzera mu wowerengeka azitsamba
Kuyambira kalekale, anthu anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe adawathandiza kulimbana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Mpaka pano, pali maphikidwe ambiri malinga ndi mankhwala azitsamba ndi zina zomwe zimathandizira kuchepetsa shuga.
Bay kulowetsedwa tsamba mwachangu kumachepetsa shuga. Ngati shuga yasiya pafupifupi 14, ndiye kuti mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira iyi: tengani masamba khumi owuma a 250 ml ya madzi.
Muwoteni mumadzi, kutseka chidebe ndi chivindikiro, kusiya kwa maola 24 kuti mukalimbikire. Tengani 50 ml mpaka 4 pa tsiku musanadye. Kutalika kwa mankhwalawa ndi masiku 15. Zochita zikuwonetsa kuti tsamba louma lomwe limakhudza bwino mapangidwe a kapamba.
Kugwiritsa ntchito maphikidwe othandiza kuchepetsa shuga:
- Sunthani pang'ono turmeric mu 250 ml ya madzi ofunda. Imwani kapu m'mawa ndi madzulo. Amachepetsa shuga, amateteza kugaya chakudya.
- Kumenya dzira laiwisi, onjezerani madzi a mandimu amodzi kwa iye. Tengani supuni imodzi katatu pa tsiku pamimba yopanda kanthu. Maphunzirowa amatenga masiku atatu.
Masamba ophika masamba komanso mabulosi amathandizira kuti muchepetse shuga, koma okhawo mwatsopano. Mwachitsanzo, apulo, mbatata, karoti, phwetekere ndi msuzi wa peyala.
Ngati wodwala atembenukira kwa wowerengeka azitsamba, ndiye kuti ayenera kuganizira chithandizo chake chachikulu. Chifukwa chake, ndikulimbikitsidwa kukaonana ndi dokotala.
Mkulu shuga, nditani?
Njira zonse zikayesedwa, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kudya mokwanira sizithandiza kulimbana ndi shuga, ndipo idakali pamlingo wambiri, ndiye kuti dokotala akuganiza zoyamba kumwa mankhwala.
Mapiritsi amalimbikitsidwa payekhapayekha, monganso momwe amakhala pafupipafupi pakukhazikitsa. Dotolo amatipatsa mlingo woyenera, amayang'ana mphamvu za shuga, ndipo kudzera munjira imeneyi, amapeza mlingo woyenera.
Mapiritsi agawidwa m'magulu awiri. Gulu loyamba limaphatikiza ndi sulfonylurea zotumphukira (glycoside), zomwe zimadziwika ndi kuchepa kosavuta kwa shuga m'magazi. Biguanides amatumizidwa ku gulu lachiwiri.
Amakhulupirira kuti gulu lachiwiri ndilothandiza kwambiri, popeza limakhala ndi mphamvu yayitali yochepetsa shuga, silikhudzanso magwiridwe antchito a kapamba (Metformin, Glucofage, Siofor).
Kuti mupeze chiphuphu chabwino kwa odwala matenda a shuga, sikofunikira kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi la odwala matenda ashuga, komanso kukhazikika pakulinga. Izi zokha zimakuthandizani kuti mukhale ndi moyo wonse, komanso kuti mupewe zovuta za mtundu 1 ndi matenda ashuga a 2.
Katswiri muvidiyoyi munkhaniyi ayankhula za momwe angachepetse magazi.
