Mankhwala Liraglutid adagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu 2009, amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu pochizira kunenepa kwa mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga. Wothandizira hypoglycemic uyu akabayidwa, amavomerezedwa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito m'maiko ambiri padziko lapansi, kuphatikizapo Russia. Poyamba, jakisoni adapangidwa pansi pa dzina la malonda a Viktoza, kuyambira 2015, mankhwala atha kugulidwa pansi pa dzina la Saksenda.
M'mawu osavuta, chinthu chomwecho chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magulu osiyanasiyana ogulitsa chimagwira ntchito moyenera, chimathandizira kuchiza matenda amtundu wa 2 komanso chifukwa chake chachikulu - kunenepa kwambiri kosiyanasiyana.
Liraglutide ndi analogue yopanga ya glucagon-peptide, imafanana ndi prototype yawo pafupifupi 97%. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, thupi silimasiyanitsa pakati pa ma peptides enieni omwe amapangidwa m'thupi ndi ena ochita kupanga. Mankhwalawa amamangirira ma receptor ofunikira, amathandizira kupanga glucagon, insulin. Pakapita kanthawi, njira zachilengedwe za insulin katulutsidwe zimasinthidwa, potero zimakwaniritsa shuga.
Kulowa m'magazi ndi jakisoni, Lyraglutide (Viktoza) amachulukitsa ma peptides, kubwezeretsa kapamba, komanso kufalitsa matenda a glycemia. Chifukwa cha zamankhwala, kutsimikizira kwathunthu pazinthu zonse zofunikira kuchokera kuzakudya kumadziwika, wodwalayo amachotsa:
- Zizindikiro zopweteka za shuga;
- kunenepa kwambiri.
Mtengo wapakati wa mankhwalawa umachokera ku ruble 9 mpaka 14,000.
Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa
Liraglutide pochiza matenda a shuga 2 komanso kunenepa kwambiri ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu mtundu wa Saksenda, ungagulidwe ngati cholembera. Magawikawa amakonzera syringe, amathandizira kudziwa kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawo ndikuwongolera kayendetsedwe kake. Masewera omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito amachokera ku 0,6 mpaka 3 mg, gawo ndi 0,6 mg.
Tsiku la wamkulu wokhala ndi kunenepa kwambiri motsutsana ndi matenda a shuga limafuna 3 mg ya mankhwalawa, pomwe nthawi ya tsiku, kudya zakudya ndi mankhwala ena sikuchita mbali yapadera. Mu sabata yoyamba yamankhwala, tsiku lililonse ndikofunikira jakisoni wa 0,6 mg, sabata iliyonse yotsatira mugwiritse ntchito kuchuluka kwa 0,6 mg. Kale sabata lachisanu la chithandizo ndipo kumapeto kwa maphunzirowa, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mupeze jakisoni wambiri kuposa 3 mg patsiku.
Mankhwalawa amayenera kuperekedwa kamodzi patsiku, chifukwa ichi mapewa, m'mimba kapena ntchafu ndizoyenera. Wodwalayo amatha kusintha nthawi ya makonzedwe a mankhwala, koma izi siziyenera kuwonetsedwa mu mlingo. Kuchepetsa thupi, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kokha chifukwa cha endocrinologist.
Nthawi zambiri, mankhwala a Viktoza ndiofunika kwa omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga a 2 omwe sangachepetse thupi ndikusintha momwe alili poyerekeza ndi maziko a:
- zakudya mankhwala;
- kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa shuga.
Ndikofunikanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kubwezeretsa glycemia kwa odwala omwe akuvutika ndi kusintha kwa glucose.
Kuphwanya kwakukulu
Mankhwala sangathe kufotokozedwa pamaso pa munthu tsankho kwa zigawo zikuluzikulu, matenda a mtundu 1 matenda a shuga, kuwonongeka kwambiri kwa chiwindi, impso, kulephera kwa mtima 3 ndi 4 digiri.
Contraindication kuti agwiritse ntchito adzakhala matumbo a matumbo, chosaopsa ndi neoplasms yolakwika mu chithokomiro, kutenga pakati ndi kuyamwitsa, ma endocrine neoplasia syndrome ambiri.
Madokotala samalimbikitsa Liraglutide molumikizananso ndi insulin yovomerezeka kwa odwala azaka zopitilira 75, ndi kutsimikizika kwa kutupa kwa kapamba, pancreatitis, munthawi yamankhwala othandizira a GLP-1 receptor antagonists.
Mosamala kwambiri, njira yothetsera kunenepa imalembedwa kuti ilembe odwala matenda ashuga II omwe ali ndi mtima wamitsempha yamagazi. Masiku ano sizinakhazikitsidwe momwe majakisoni azikhalira akamagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi mankhwala ena kuti thupi lanu lipangidwe.
Pankhaniyi, odwala matenda a shuga sayenera kuyesa ndikugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yonse ya zamankhwala kuti athetse kunenepa kwambiri. Kugwiritsa ntchito Liraglutide kwa odwala matenda ashuga osaposa zaka 18, kuyenera kwa chithandizo chotere kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa pambuyo:
- kuzindikira kwathunthu kwa thupi;
- mayeso odutsa.
Pokhapokha ngati izi zakwaniritsidwa, wodwalayo sangadzivulaze.
Zotsatira zoyipa
Liraglutide yochizira kunenepa nthawi zina imayambitsa kusokonekera kwamatumbo, pafupifupi 40% ya milandu imakhala kusanza komanso kusanza. Munthu aliyense wachisanu wodwala matenda ashuga omwe amamwa mankhwala amakhala ndi matenda otsekula m'mimba kapena kudzimbidwa.
Pafupifupi 8% ya odwala omwe amamwa mankhwalawo polimbana ndi kunenepa kwambiri amadandaula kuti watopa kwambiri komanso watopa. Wodwala aliyense wachitatu yemwe amagwiritsa ntchito jakisoni kwa nthawi yayitali amakhala ndi hypoglycemia, motere, shuga m'magazi amatsika kwambiri.
Zotsatira zoyipa za thupi pambuyo poti atenga mtundu uliwonse wa Victoza ndi izi: kupweteka mutu, chifuwa, kupumira matenda, kuthamanga kwa mtima, kugonthetsa, kutsegula m'mimba.
Zotsatira zilizonse zosafunikira zomwe zimachitika tsiku loyamba kapena lachiwiri la mankhwalawa, ndiye kuti pafupipafupi zovuta zake zimatha. Popeza liraglutide imadzetsa mavuto ndi matumbo a matumbo, izi zimakhudza kutha kwa mankhwala ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Komabe, kuphwanya kotereku sikuli kwakukulu kwambiri, momwe zinthu zilili zingathe kuwongolera mwa kusintha mlingo wa mankhwala. Mankhwala amaloledwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi mankhwala, omwe amaphatikizapo zinthu:
- metformin;
- kachikachiyama.
Ndi kuphatikiza kotere, chithandizo chimachitika popanda zovuta.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Kuchepetsa Thupi
Mankhwala ozikidwa pa yogwira liraglutide amathandiza odwala matenda ashuga kuchepetsa thupi makamaka poletsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya, ndipo chifukwa chake, munthu amadya pang'ono, samakhala ndi mafuta m'thupi.
Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa mankhwalawa kumakhala kochulukirapo ngati kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kuwonjezera kwa zakudya zopatsa mphamvu zochepa. Jekeseni sangathe kubayidwa ngati njira yayikulu yothetsera kunenepa kwambiri, mankhwalawa satha kugwira ntchito bwino.
Amawonetsedwa kusiya zizolowezi zilizonse, kukulitsa mphamvu ndi nthawi yayitali yolimbitsa thupi. Izi zimathandiza kuchepetsa thupi mpaka theka la anthu odwala matenda ashuga 2 atenga Victoza.
Pafupifupi, pafupifupi 80% ya odwala amatha kudalira mphamvu zabwino za matenda ashuga.
Malinga ndi ndemanga, zotsatira zofananazo zitha kupezeka ngati pafupifupi njira yonse ya mankhwalawa yalowa jakisoni pamankhwala osakwana 3 mg.
Mtengo, analogi ya mankhwala
Mtengo wa jakisoni umatsimikiziridwa ndi kuchuluka kwa chinthu chomwe chimagwira. Woponderezedwa subcutaneous makonzedwe a 6 mg / ml - kuchokera 10 000 rubles; makatoni okhala ndi cholembera 6 mg / ml - kuchokera ku 9,5 zikwi, Viktoza 18 mg / 3 ml - kuchokera ku ruble 9,000; Saksenda ya subcutaneous makonzedwe a 6 mg / ml - 27 zikwi.
Mankhwala Liraglutide ali ndi mitundu ingapo panthawi yomweyo yomwe imakhudzanso thupi la munthu: Novonorm (wogwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda osokoneza bongo, glycemia amachepetsa bwino), Baeta (amatanthauza amidopeptides, inhibits gastric emptying, lowers hamu).
Kwa odwala ena, analogi ya Lixumia ndiyabwino, imasintha matendawa mosasamala kanthu za kudya. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito Forsig, ndikofunikira kupewa shuga, kuti muchepetse mayendedwe ake mutatha kudya.
Kodi chithandizo cha kunenepa kwambiri mu shuga ndi Lyraglutide, ndi dokotala wokhayo amene ayenera kudziwa. Ndi mankhwala omwe mumadzipangira nokha, kusintha kosafunikira kwa thupi pafupifupi kumakula; sizotheka kukwaniritsa zochizira.
Zoopsa komanso njira zochizira kunenepa kwambiri mu shuga zidzajambulidwa mu kanema munkhaniyi.
