Matenda a shuga ndi vuto lalikulu la matenda ashuga. Ma cell a mitsempha yakumapeto omwe ali mu ubongo ndi operewera, njira zomwe zimapangidwa ndi mitengo yayikulu ya minyewa zimakhudzidwanso.
Neuropathy mu shuga amakhala ndi zizindikiro zingapo. Zimatengera gawo losokonekera lamanjenje. Kuti mudziwe matenda a diabetes a neuropathy, muyenera kuphunzira zomwe zimayambitsa, zizindikiro ndi pathogenesis ya matenda ashuga a mtima.
Matendawa ali ndi gulu lomveka bwino. Malangizo a neuropathy amatengera mtundu wa matenda.
Zizindikiro ndi mitundu ya matenda a shuga
Mawonekedwe a matendawa ndi ochulukirapo.
Poyamba, zizindikiro za matenda ashuga a shuga zimachepa, koma pakapita kanthawi, mavutowa amakula.
Matenda a diabetes a neuropathy ali ndi izi:
- kufooka kwa minofu
- kutsika kwakukulu kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi,
- chizungulire
- kukokana kochepa
- dzanzi ndi kubinya kwa miyendo,
- mavuto akumeza chakudya,
- yafupika libido
- Mavuto am'mimba, kupezeka kwamatumbo pafupipafupi,
- kuphwanya kwamaso
- kupweteka kwa minofu
- fecal ndi kwamikodzo kusala,
- thukuta lalikulu kapena kusowa kwake,
- kutsika kwa kutentha, kupweteka komanso kumva tactile,
- kusokoneza kayendedwe ka kayendedwe.
Matenda a diabetes a neuropathy amakhudza minyewa ya mitsempha, koma kuchuluka kwa zovuta kumatha kusintha. Mtundu wamatenda umatengera zomwe ulusi umakhudzidwa kwambiri. Zikafika ku mitsempha yaubongo, gulu limatchula kuphwanya kwapakati pa neuropathy. Ngati zotupa zina ndi mitsempha zimakhudzidwa, izi ndizosokoneza bongo kapena matenda a shuga.
Mitsempha yamagalimoto ikasokonekera, munthu sangathe kudya, kuyenda ndi kuyankhula, ndi mitsempha yam'mutu, chidwi chimatha. Ndi kuwonongeka kwa ulusi wamanjenje, autonomic neuropathy imachitika. Panthawi imeneyi, chizindikiritso ndichoperewera kwa ziwalo zingapo nthawi imodzi, kuphatikiza mtima.
Autonomic Neuropathy Syndrome:
- kupuma
- urogenital
- zamtima
- m'mimba,
- injini zam'madzi.
Zodziwika bwino:
- malingaliro
- wotsogola
- wodziyimira pawokha
- chachikulu neuropathy.
Ndi ma neuropathy apakati ali ndi chikhalidwe:
- migraines wolimba ndi chizungulire,
- kukumbukira, kusamala, kusamalira.
Munthu nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi vuto la kukomoka, komanso amakokanso pafupipafupi.
Ndi sensorimotor neuropathy, kumva kumachepa, minofu yaumunthu imafooka, ndipo mgwirizano umakhala wopanda mphamvu. Monga lamulo, kusokonezeka kwa mikono kapena miyendo kumakhala koyipa kwambiri madzulo. Pa gawo lotsogola, munthu samamvanso mkhalidwe wonyentchera wopindika kapena wowonongeka wina.
Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga a m'mimba zimaphatikizanso kuchepa kwamphamvu kwakanthawi. Chifukwa chake, zilonda ndi zofooka zazala ndi miyendo zimachitika.
Autonomous diabetesic neuropathy imawonekera chifukwa cha kusachita bwino kwa dongosolo la Autonomic. Mpweya wa oxygen umakhala wochepetsedwa, michere siyidyeredwe mokwanira, zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonekera kwa ntchito:
- matumbo
- chikhodzodzo
- mtima ndi ziwalo zina.
Nthawi zambiri pamakhala mavuto ndi chilakolako chogonana komanso kuchuluka kwa thukuta lomwe limatulutsidwa. Ndi genitourinary neuropathy, munthu amasokonezeka ndi kumva kwamkodzo wokhala mu chikhodzodzo. Nthawi zina, mkodzo umayenda pambuyo pake pokonzekera kukokoloka, kusathandizanso kumawonedwa.
Kusokonezeka kwa urodynamic kumawululidwa - kuchepetsedwa kwa kuchuluka kwa kayendedwe ka mkodzo. Nthawi yokodza imachulukirachulukira ndipo chotengera cha Reflex kukodza chimakwera. Chikhodzodzo cha mkodzo ndikuwonetsa kufunika kokodza. Zonsezi zimasokoneza moyo wathu.
Proximal neuropathy imawoneka ngati ululu m'matako ndi m'chiuno, ndipo mafupa a m'chiuno amakhudzidwanso. Munthu amayamba kuwona kuti minofu yake siyimvera, ndipo zimatha pakapita nthawi.
Focal neuropathy nthawi zambiri imawoneka mwadzidzidzi ndipo imakhudza mitsempha payokha ya thunthu, miyendo kapena mutu. Munthu amakhala ndi mawonekedwe owonera kawiri, kupweteka kwapakhosi pathupi kumawonekera, kupuwala kwa theka la nkhope kumatha kuchitika. Matenda a diabetes a neuropathy ndi matenda osadziwika, matchulidwe ake omwe nthawi zambiri sadziwika.
Diabetesic optic neuropathy ndi matenda omwe angayambitse kutaya kwamaso kwakanthawi kapena kwamuyaya. Neuropathy yam'munsi yayikulu ndizovuta zingapo zamatenda, zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kukhalapo kwa mavuto amitsempha yamapazi yamiyendo.
Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga a shuga
Pathology imawoneka pang'onopang'ono, motsutsana ndi komwe kunatenga nthawi yayitali mtundu 1 kapena matenda ashuga a 2. Madokotala ati matendawa amatha kuonekera patatha zaka 15-20 atazindikira kuti ali ndi matenda ashuga.
Monga lamulo, izi zimachitika ndi chithandizo chokwanira cha matendawa komanso osagwirizana ndi zomwe dokotalayu walimbikitsa kuti akhale ndi moyo wathanzi. Chifukwa chachikulu chakuwonekera kwa matenda ndi kudumphadumpha kokhazikika kwa glucose m'magazi m'mene zinthu zimazimiririka, zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa ziwalo zamkati, komanso dongosolo lamanjenje.
Mitsempha yama minyewa imadzaza mtsempha wamagazi, ndipo mothandizidwa ndi shuga, zakudya zimasokonekera ndipo njala ikayamba. Chifukwa chake, zizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawo zimachitika.
Ngati zakudya za munthu wodwala matenda ashuga zimakhutira ndi zinthu zina zamafuta ndi mavitamini, ndiye chifukwa cha zovuta zamachitidwe a metabolic, mafupa amitsempha amathanso kupeza zinthu izi moyo wawo wonse.
Ndi chithandizo chanthawi yovomerezeka ya matenda a shuga, pali mwayi woletsa matenda ndi kupewa zovuta zingapo zowopsa. Koma ndi dokotala yekha amene amadziwa njira yochizira matenda. Kudzichita nokha nkoletsedwa.
Ngati chithandizo sichichitika mokwanira, ndipo ngati palibe njira zoletsa, ndiye kuti matendawo angabwerenso modetsa nkhawa.
Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa:
- kutalika kwa matenda ashuga
- shuga wambiri nthawi zonse
- kuchuluka kwa lipid
- kutupa kwamitsempha
- zizolowezi zoipa.
Algorithm yodziwika bwino yamatendawa: shuga wambiri amayamba kuwononga ziwiya zazing'ono zomwe zimadyetsa mitsempha. Ma capillaries amataya patency, ndipo mitsempha imayamba "kukwana" chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa oksijeni, chifukwa chomwe mitsempha imataya ntchito.
Nthawi yomweyo, shuga amawononga mapuloteni ndipo amayamba kugwira ntchito yawo molakwika, amawonongeka pakapita nthawi ndipo zinyalala zimakhala chiphe m'thupi.
Zizindikiro
Matendawa ali ndi mitundu yambiri yokhala ndi zizindikiro zapadera. Pakumuwunika, dokotala amawunika mapazi, mafupa ndi manja, kusintha komwe kumawonetsa neuropathy. Zimadziwika ngati pali kuuma, redness, kapena zizindikiro zina zamatenda pakhungu.
Kuunika kwa munthu kumavumbula kutopa, komanso mawonetsedwe ena ofunikira a matendawa. Matenda a shuga a shuga ndi matenda oopsa kwambiri, pomwe munthu akusowa mafuta am'mimbamo ndipo amatayika m'mimba.
Pambuyo pofufuza miyendo yam'munsi komanso yam'mwamba, kafukufuku wazolimbitsa thupi amachitika pogwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera. Phunziroli liyenera kuchitika katatu.
Kuti mudziwe mtundu wa matenda, ndikuwona momwe mankhwalawo amathandizira, njira zina zodziwira matenda zimafunikira zomwe zimatha kudziwa matenda. Chisoni chikuwululidwa:
- zopweteka
- kutentha
- wamanyazi.
Kuphatikiza apo, zovuta zowunikira zimaphatikizapo kuwunika kwa kuchuluka kwa mawonekedwe a Reflex.
Njira yosiyanasiyana imadziwika ndi neuropathy, kotero nthawi zambiri chisankho chimapangidwa kuti chidziwitse njira zosiyanasiyana zowunikira.
Matendawa amatha kuchiritsidwa pakapita nthawi ndikusankha mankhwala moyenera.
Palinso kusiyanasiyana kwamankhwala a mtundu woyamba kapena wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga.
Zochizira
Matenda a shuga, matenda a m'mimba omwe amadziwika, amafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala.
Chithandizo cha matenda a diabetesic neuropathy chimadalira magawo atatu. Ndikofunikira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, kuchepetsa mkhalidwe waumunthu, kuchepetsa ululu ndikubwezeretsa ulusi wamitsempha wolakwika.
Ngati munthu ali ndi matenda a shuga, ndiye kuti chithandizo chimayamba ndi kukonza shuga m'magazi. Ntchito yayikulu ndikuyiphatikiza ndi shuga ndikukhazikika m'malo oyenera. Muzochitika izi, mankhwalawa omwe amathandizira kuchepetsa shuga m'thupi la munthu amalimbikitsidwa.
Mapiritsi ochepetsa magazi a shuga amabwera m'magulu angapo. Gulu loyamba limaphatikizapo ndalama zomwe zimakulitsa kupanga insulin mthupi.
Gulu lachiwiri limaphatikizapo mankhwala omwe amachititsa chidwi cha minofu yofewa - Metformin 500. Gulu lachitatu, mapiritsi omwe amatsekera pang'ono kuyamwa kwa chakudya chamafuta m'mimba, tikulankhula za Miglitol.
Ndi genesis iyi, adokotala amasankha mankhwala mosiyanasiyana. Mlingo komanso pafupipafupi njira zoperekera mankhwala a matenda amtundu wa 1 amatha kusiyanasiyana.
Ngati kuli kotheka kukhazikika kwa mulingo wamagazi m'magazi a wodwalayo, pakhoza kukhalabe kuchuluka kwa neuropathy. Zizindikiro zimayenera kuchotsedwa ndi ma pinkiller. Mawonekedwe akuwonetsa kuti zosinthazi ndizosintha. Matenda a diabetesic neuropathy, omwe amathandizidwa panthawi yake, amatha kuchiritsidwa ndikutsitsanso minyewa yamitsempha.
Mankhwala osiyanasiyana amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kukonza ntchito ya mitsempha ndi analgesia. Choyamba, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti Tiolept amawongolera njira zama metabolic, kuteteza maselo amitsempha ku zochitika zaulere zamagetsi komanso zinthu zakupha.
Cocarnit ndi zovuta za mavitamini ndi zinthu zomwe zimakhudza kagayidwe ka munthu. Zinthu zomwe zimapangidwa zimathandizira ululu ndikuwonetsa mphamvu ya neurometabolic. Mankhwala kutumikiridwa angapo ma patsiku intramuscularly. Kutalika kwa chithandizo kumatengera mtundu wa matenda.
Nimesulide imathandizira kutupa kwa mitsempha, komanso amachepetsa ululu. Maloiletine amatseka njira za sodium, kotero kufalikira kwa zopweteka kumasokonekera ndipo kugunda kwa mtima kumasintha.
Ndi diabetesic neuropathy, mankhwala amafunikira kuti akwaniritse zofunika pochiritsa. Njira yopweteka ya matenda ashuga omwe amachititsa kuti odwala azigwiritsa ntchito analgesics, anticonvulsants amagwiritsidwanso ntchito palimodzi.
Ndikofunikira kuchiza matenda am'munsi a minyewa ya mankhwalawa pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo:
- Pentoxifylline
- Instenon
- Nicotinic acid
- Maluwa.
Ma antioxidants otsatirawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito:
- Vitamini E
- Mexicoidol
- Oktolipen
- Cytochrome S.
Zodziteteza
Ngati neuropathy ilipo kale, ndikofunikira kumwa mankhwala mwadongosolo. Koma kuti izi zisachitike, njira za prophylactic ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Choyamba, muyenera kuthana ndi kukakamizidwa, chifukwa matenda oopsa amatha kubowoleza ma capillaries, omwe amathandizanso kufa ndi njala.
Ndi zowonjezera, muyenera kutsatira zakudya kuti muchepetse kunenepa. Kunenepa kwambiri kumakhudza mkhalidwe wa mathero amsempha. Ndikofunikira kusiya zizolowezi zoyipa, chifukwa mowa ndi chikonga zimawononga mathero a mitsempha.
Ndikofunikira kutsogolera masewera olimbitsa thupi ndikukhala ndi moyo wakhama, izi zimapangitsa kuti kagayidwe kachakudya kazigwidwa ndikuwonjezera chitetezo chokwanira. Ndi matenda a shuga, simuyenera kuchita kuyenda opanda nsapato kuti mupewe kuwonongeka pakhungu. Mwendo wowonongeka uyenera kuthandizidwa mwachangu ndi mankhwala apadera, amatha mafuta kapena zonona.
Ndi matenda a shuga a 2, madokotala amakulangizani kuti muzichita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi. Ndikofunikira kuti magazi azithamanga m'miyendo komanso kupewa ma atherosulinosis. Muyenera kusankha nsapato zoyenera komanso zapamwamba zopangidwa ndi chikopa chenicheni. Dokotala wanu amathanso kukupatsani mankhwala azitsamba a matenda ashuga.
Zambiri za neuropathy zimaperekedwa mu kanema munkhaniyi.
