Glformin ndi mankhwala a hypoglycemic ogwiritsira ntchito pakamwa, ndi a gulu la Biguanides. Mankhwala amalepheretsa glycogeneis mu chiwindi, amachepetsa mayamwidwe, amachititsa chidwi cha minyewa kupita ku insulin ya mahomoni, komanso amathandizira kugwiritsa ntchito shuga.
Nthawi yomweyo, mankhwalawa sangathe kukopa kupanga insulin, amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa ma triglycerides, lipoprotein otsika kwambiri, komanso amathandizira kudziwa zolemetsa. Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha kuletsa kwa plasminogen inhibitor ndi mtundu wa minofu, mphamvu ya fibrinolytic imachitika.
Pa phukusi limodzi la mankhwalawo mu zokutira filimu, wodwalayo ayenera kupereka ma ruble 300, mapiritsi a Glformin omwe ali ndi gawo logawa amagula pafupifupi ma ruble 150. Ndemanga za mankhwalawa ndizabwino, nthawi zambiri zimapatsa thupi zovuta.
Zotsatira za pharmacological
Mankhwalawa atha kugulidwa mosiyanasiyana: 250, 500, 850 ndi 1000 mg. Chofunikira chachikulu pa mankhwalawa ndi metformin. Kuchita bwino kwa mankhwalawa kumatheka pamene wodwala matenda ashuga apitiliza kupanga yake ya insulin kapena mahomoni ena akaperekedwe.
Othandizira:
- sorbitol;
- wowuma mbatata;
- stearic acid;
- povidone.
Mankhwalawa amatengedwa mwachangu ndi maselo a ziwalo zam'mimba, kupendekeka kwake kwakukulu kumawonedwa patatha maola awiri mutatha mapiritsi. The bioavailability ya metformin hydrochloride idzakhala pafupifupi 50-60%, thunthu silikumana ndi mapuloteni. Kuchokera mthupi, mankhwalawa amachotsedwa momwe adapangidwira.
Ndi matenda a shuga, Glformin amatengedwa pakamwa pokha. Muyenera kudziwa kuti momwe amagwirira ntchito sanaphunzirepo kale. Pambuyo kolowera m'magazi, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwalawa zimatenga nawo mbali motere:
- kukweza kwa kuwonongeka kwa chakudya cham'madzi;
- kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga komwe kumachokera m'matumbo;
- kukakamira kwa kupanga mamolekyulu a shuga m'chiwindi.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kwa odwala matenda ashuga komanso magawo osiyanasiyana a kunenepa kwambiri kumayambitsa kuchepa kwa thupi ndi chidwi cha thupi. Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa akunena kuti chophatikizira cha mankhwala metformin chimathandizira kusungunuka magazi, kumalepheretsa kuphatikizika kwa magazi.
Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito mapiritsi
Zisonyezero zogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda osokoneza bongo a shuga, pamene chakudya chokhwima ndi mankhwala a sulfonylurea alibe. Glyformin imalembedwanso mtundu wa shuga 1 ngati adjunct jakisoni wa insulin.
Panthawi yamankhwala, kugwira ntchito kwa impso kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa, pafupifupi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mupange kusanthula kuti mupeze mkaka wa m'magazi.
Mapiritsi amatha kuledzera pakudya kapena mutatha kudya, mlingo woyenera uyenera kutumikiridwa ndi dokotala, poganizira zotsatira za kuyesedwa kwa magazi:
- kumayambiriro kwa mankhwalawa, mlingo si oposa gramu 1 patsiku;
- pambuyo masiku 15, kuchuluka kwa ndalama kumachulukitsidwa.
Mulingo woyenera wokonza sayenera kupitilira magalamu awiri patsiku, uyenera kugawidwa moyenera pazigawo zingapo. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga okalamba patsiku amalimbikitsidwa kuti azitha kumwa 1 gramu ya mankhwala.
Ngati dokotala amupatsa mankhwala a Glformin a matenda ashuga, wodwalayo ayenera kudziwa kuti mapiritsi amatha kuyambitsa zovuta zina mthupi. Pa gawo la endocrine, hypoglycemia imayamba, mbali ya magazi m'thupi imatha, mbali ya kagayidwe kachakudya matenda. Thupi nthawi zina limagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo:
- urticaria;
- Khungu;
- zotupa.
Kuchokera ziwalo zam'mimba zam'mimba kumakhala kuphwanya kudya, kutsegula m'mimba, kusanza, kukoma kwazitsulo mkamwa.
Ngati pakachitika zovuta zina, akuwonetsa kukana chithandizo ndi Gliformin, kukaonana ndi dokotala.
Mankhwala Glformin (malangizo ake amapezeka momasuka pa intaneti) angagwiritsidwe ntchito moyenera pakulephera kwaimpso, koma pokhapokha pakuwoneka kuwonjezeka kwa lactic acidosis. Pankhaniyi, ntchito ya impso imayang'aniridwa nthawi zonse (kamodzi pa miyezi 3-6), pomwe mawonekedwe a creatinine amatsika mpaka kufika pa 45 ml / min, chithandizo chimayimitsidwa nthawi yomweyo.
Ngati ntchito ya impso yafupika mwa odwala matenda ashuga apamwamba, mulingo wa metformin uyenera kusintha.
Contraindication, kuyanjana kwa mankhwala
Gliformin sayenera kutumikiridwa chifukwa cha ketoacidosis, matenda osatha a chiwindi, chikomokere, mtima, mapapo, kulephera, pakamwa, kuyamwa, myocardial infarction, kumva kwambiri magawo a mankhwala.
Tengani mosamala mankhwala a matenda a etiology opatsirana, musanafike pochita opaleshoni yayikulu.
Mphamvu ya mankhwala ingathe kuchepa limodzi ndi chithandizo:
- glucocorticosteroid mankhwala;
- mahomoni a chithokomiro;
- okodzetsa;
- nicotinic acid;
- mukamamwa mankhwala oletsa kubereka.
Ngati metformin imagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi insulin, zotumphukira za sulfonylurea, mankhwala osapweteka a antiidal, komanso a beta-blockers, pali mwayi wowonjezeranso zotsatira zake.
Kutalika kwa Glformin
Nthawi zina, wodwala matenda a shuga amawonetsedwa kwa nthawi yayitali ngati Glformin - Glformin Amatengedwa pakamwa, kutsukidwa ndi madzi okwanira. Chidachi chitha kuthandizira paokha kapena kukhala gawo la mankhwala ophatikiza.
Ngati munthu wodwala matenda ashuga sanalandire metformin, amalimbikitsidwa pa 750 mg kamodzi patsiku. Pambuyo pa masabata awiri, dokotala amasintha mlingo (imwani mapiritsi 2 a 750 mg), kutengera zotsatira za kuyesedwa kwa shuga. Ndi kuchuluka pang'onopang'ono mu kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa, kumachepa zovuta zomwe zimachitika m'magazi, makamaka, matenda am'mimba amatsika.
Mlingo wovomerezeka usalole kuti zithetse matenda a glycemia, ndikofunikira kutenga mlingo waukulu - mapiritsi atatu a 750 mg Kutalika kamodzi patsiku.
Anthu omwe amadwala matenda ashuga omwe amatenga metformin amakhala ngati wothandizira pakamasulidwa nthawi zonse:
- kumwa Kutalika chimodzimodzi mlingo;
- ngati atha kupitirira 2000 mg, kusintha kwa mankhwala kwa nthawi yayitali sikumadziwika.
Kuti tikwaniritse kuyang'anira kwambiri glycemic, metformin ndi insulin ya mahomoni imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala osakaniza. Choyamba, imwani mankhwalawa muyezo wa mankhwalawa (piritsi 750 mg) pakudya, ndipo kuchuluka kwa insulin kuyenera kusankhidwa payekha, kutengera shuga la magazi.
Kuchuluka kwa tsiku, ndizovomerezeka kumwa osaposa 2250 mg ya mankhwala, kuwunika kwa madokotala kumawonetsa kuti, ngati mkhalidwe wa thupi umayendetsedwa moyenera, ndikotheka kusintha kuti mumwe mankhwalawa ndikutulutsidwa kwa metformin pa mlingo wa 3000 mg.
Zimachitika kuti wodwalayo adaphonya kumwa mankhwalawo, pomwe amamuwonetsa kumwa piritsi lotsatira nthawi yokhazikika. Simungatenge mlingo wawiri wa metformin, izi zimapangitsa kukula kwa zosasangalatsa zammbali, kukulitsa zizindikiro za matenda ashuga, zomwe siziyenera kuloledwa.
Kukula kwa Glyformin kuyenera kutengedwa tsiku lililonse, kupewa yopuma.
Wodwalayo ayenera kudziwitsa adokotala za kutha kwa chithandizo, kudziwa malingaliro ake.
Analogs, ndemanga za madokotala
Chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa ma contraindication, mankhwalawa sioyenera odwala ambiri, chifukwa ngati pakufunika kusankha ma analogues a mankhwalawo, amakhalanso ndi zinthu zingapo zogwira ntchito (250, 500, 850, 1000). Glformin akhoza kukhala pamtundu wina ndi mankhwala:
- Glucoran;
- Metformin Teva;
- Mdyerekezi
Anthu odwala matenda ashuga omwe amamwa mankhwala a Glformin akuwonetsa kuti ali ndi vuto lochulukirapo. Nthawi zambiri, izi zimachitika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito molakwika mankhwalawa.
Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amatha kuyambitsa matenda a lactic acidosis. Mawonetseredwe ake akuluakulu: kupweteka kwa minofu, kusanza, nseru, kusokonezeka kwa chikumbumtima. Zizindikiro zotere zikawoneka, ndikofunikira kuti musamwe mankhwalawo.
Madotolo akuti mankhwala a Glformin amatha kuthana ndi matenda a shuga moyenera, malinga ngati mankhwalawo amawonetsedwa mosamalitsa. Kuphatikizanso kwina kwa mankhwalawo ndi mtengo wovomerezeka komanso kupezeka kwa mankhwala.
Endocrinologists amachenjeza kuti munthawi yonse ya chithandizo chamankhwala amafunika kuyesa mwadongosolo mayeso a misinkhu ya serum creatinine. Glyformin wa mankhwala osokoneza bongo sayenera kumwedwa:
- ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa;
- mankhwala omwe amakhala ndi ethanol.
Tsoka ilo, matenda ashuga asanduka matenda wamba, komanso pakati pa achinyamata. Mankhwala, ndikofunikira kupereka mankhwala omwe amathandizira kuchepetsa matenda a glycemia, imodzi mwa mankhwalawa inali Glyformin. Ngati malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito akatsatidwa ndendende, momwe mankhwalawo amathandizira pakapita kanthawi kochepa.
Zambiri zokhudzana ndi kuchepetsa shuga zimaperekedwa mu kanema munkhaniyi.
