Chimodzi mwamagawo ofunikira a maselo ndi minofu ya thupi la munthu ndi cholesterol. Ndi kuphwanya kwa lipid kagayidwe komanso kuwonjezeka kwa cholesterol, nthawi zambiri zimatha kuwona kukula kwa atherosulinosis, yomwe imadziwika ndi mapangidwe a cholesterol plaques. Nthawi zina zimachitika kuti cholesterol ndiyabwinobwino, ndipo pali zolembera - bwanji pali matenda, amatanthauza chiyani ndi momwe angapewere kukula kwa matendawa?
Cholesterol ndi chinthu chonga mafuta chomwe ndichofunikira kuti thupi liyambe kugwira ntchito. Munthu amapanga zinthu zambiri payekha, ndipo amalandira kuchuluka kwake ndi chakudya.
Cholesterol imagwira ntchito zingapo zofunika mthupi la munthu:
- Ntchito zamapangidwe. Cholesterol ndi imodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimapanga ma cell membrane. Amatenga nawo mbali pakapangidwe kake ndikukhala ndi zotanuka, amapereka kutsimikizira kwa khoma. Ndikofunikira kuti muubwana ndi unyamata, komanso kuvulala, munthu amalandira kuchuluka kokwanira;
- Ntchito ya mahormoni. Lipoprotein imakhudzidwa ndi kapangidwe ka mahomoni ogonana, mahomoni a adrenal. Ndi zofunika kwa ana nthawi yakutha msinkhu. Kuperewera kwake kungapangitse kukula kwa kusabereka;
- Ntchito yogaya. Oposa theka la cholesterol amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi thupi kupanga bile acid, yomwe imaphwanya mafuta pazakudya.
- Amatenga nawo mbali popanga vitamini D.
90% ya lipoproteins ili mu minofu yathu ndipo ndi 10% yokha yomwe ili m'magazi.
Kuphatikiza pazopindulitsa, kuchulukitsa kapena kuchepa kwa chinthuchi kumatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa mthupi la munthu. Izi ndichifukwa choti zitha kukhala m'maiko angapo.
HDL - lipoproteins yapamwamba kapena cholesterol "yabwino". Ndi tinthu ting'onoting'ono kwambiri timene timalowa mosavuta m'makoma amitsempha yamagazi. Amathandizira kuthetsa cholesterol "yoyipa" ndikuyiyendetsa ku chiwindi, komwe imawonongeka;
LDL - lipoproteins otsika kapena cholesterol "yoyipa" yochepa. Zidutswa zake ndizazikulu kwambiri kuposa HDL. Amathanso kulowa zombo, komabe, chifukwa cha kukula kwake, amaziwononga ndikudziunjikira khoma lamkati. Zotsatira zake ndi kupangidwa kwa cholesterol plaques, omwe pambuyo pake amadziunjikira calcium ndikutseka chotengera.
Kumbukirani kuti zimatha kuchotsedwa calcium isanalowe mwa iwo, ndiko kuti, kuyamba kwa njira yowerengera. Panthawi yomwe phata la atherosselotic limatulukira, kuwonjezeka kwa magazi kumawonedwa nthawi zambiri, kenako kumakhala kwabwinobwino.
Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimayambitsa mafuta a cholesterol. Amalumikizidwa ndi kuphwanya mafuta kagayidwe ndipo amatha kuyambitsa:
- Kuwonjezeka kwa cholesterol yathunthu m'magazi;
- Kuchulukitsa kwa LDL ndi triglyceride;
- Anachepetsa ndende ya HDL.
Pathologies amafuta kagayidwe ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimatsogolera pakukula kwa matenda a mtima, makamaka, atherosclerosis. Kuti lipoprotein izitha kuyikidwa pazitseko zamitsempha yamagazi, sikuti milingo yake yokwezeka m'magazi sikokwanira. Makina oyambitsa njirayi ndiowonongeka kwa mafupa amtundu wa endothelial.
Zinthu zosiyanasiyana zimayambitsa izi, izi:
- Kusuta fodya ndi kumwa mowa kwambiri;
- Kusungabe moyo wokhala ndi moyo wosakhazikika;
- Kukhala ndi mavuto onenepa kwambiri;
- Mitundu yonse yamatenda a endocrine dongosolo;
- Matenda a mtima komanso matenda am'magazi.
Matenda a shuga angatchulidwenso chifukwa cha zinthu zomwe zimawonetseratu vuto lakukula kwa mtima.
Kuphatikiza apo, ndikuwonongeka kwakukulu pamitsempha ya mtima, atherosulinosis imatha kukhala ndi yolephera mafuta m'thupi. Izi zikufotokozera chifukwa chake lipoprotein ndiyabwinobwino, ndipo pali zisindikizo nthawi zina. Mulingo wabwinobwino wa panganoli siwotsimikizira 100% kuti atherosulinosis
Maselo a cholesterol ndi njira yodzikundikira ya chinthu chonga mafuta, calcium, zotayira zotsekemera pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi, zomwe zimawoneka ngati chifukwa chophwanya kagayidwe ka lipid. Amatsogolera kuti kuchuluka kwa mitsempha yamagazi kumachepa ndipo pali kuwonjezeka kwa kukana kuthamanga kwa magazi.
Chombo chodzaza ndi zolembera sichingakhale chofalikira ndipo sichitha kupatsa ziwalo mphamvu yofunikira ya oxygen, yomwe imatsogolera ku matenda a mtima.
Mapangidwe a zisindikizo za atherosulinotic samachitika nthawi yomweyo. Iyi ndi nthawi yowononga ndondomeko.
Gawo loyambirira la zochitika limadziwika ndi mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe omwe amapezeka m'malo owonongeka ndi khoma lamitsempha yama cell ofitho. Ndi ma macrophages okhala ndi lipoprotein otsika. Maselo oterowo amakhala makamaka m'malo omwe amakhala chipwirikiti chachikulu (m'dera lawo) m'njira zamikwingwirima ndi mawanga;
Popita nthawi, malowa amadzazidwa ndi minofu yolumikizana, chifukwa cha momwe mapangidwe a zolembera zam'mimba amachitika. Ili ndi gawo lachiwiri lachitukuko cha atherosulinosis;
Kwa nthawi yayitali iwo amakula, kudzikundikira magulu ankhaninkhani okha. Nthawi zina, matayala amatuluka, ndipo amalowa m'magazi. Nthawiyi ndiowopsa kwambiri pankhani ya thrombosis;
Pambuyo pake, mchere wamchere umayamba kuyikidwamo. Njira imeneyi imatchedwa atherocalcinosis ndipo ndi gawo lomaliza la matendawa. Izi zimabweretsa kuti makoma azotengera azikhala owirira kwambiri, ndipo, nthawi yomweyo, amakhala osalimba komanso opanda pake. Izi zimawonjezera kuwonongeka kapena kuwononga.
Kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa cholesterol, ndikofunikira kuyesedwa, komwe magazi amatengedwa kuchokera m'mitsempha pamimba yopanda kanthu.
Chofunikira ndikofunikira kuti musale kudya kwa maola 12, pomwe chakudya chamadzulo chisamakhale chakudya.
Mukadutsa kusanthula kwa sayansi yamankhwala am'magazi, ndikofunikira kufotokozera mtundu wa lipoprotein womwe muyenera kudziwa:
- Chizindikiro cha cholesterol yathunthu, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala yofanana ndi ochepera 4.5 mmol / l (kapena ochepera 175 mg / dl);
- Kuchuluka kwa lipoproteins otsika kapena beta lipoproteins, zomwe zili pansi pa 2,5 mmol / l (kapena 100 mg / dl);
- Mlingo wapamwamba wa lipoprotein kapena milingo ya alpha lipoprotein. Zomwe zimachitika kwa abambo ndizoposa 1 mmol / l (kapena 40 mg / dl), kwa akazi - oposa 1.2 mmol / l (kapena 45 mg / dl);
- Kusanthula kwathunthu kwa mawonekedwe a magazi a lipid (lipid mbiri).
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuwerengera coefflication ya atherogenic, pambuyo pake imatha kunenedwa ngati pali chizolowezi cha atherosulinosis, nchifukwa chiyani mawonekedwe a zolembera, popeza ndi cholesterol yachilendo mumatha kukhala ndi ziwiya zotsekeka, ndipo mutha kuyenda ndi matenda a shuga ndi cholesterol 10, komanso opanda ma cell pathologies.
Mitundu ya cholesterol ndi triglycerides kwa odwala ena omwe ali m'gulu lomwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a mtima ndi ochepa. Izi ndichifukwa choti m'gulu lino la odwala, ngakhale okhala ndi lipoprotein yodziwika kuzowonetsera zina zonse, funso loti lipatsidwe mankhwala ochepetsa mafuta m'thupi limathetsedwa. Izi zimathandizira kuchepetsa kupita patsogolo ndi chitukuko cha matenda.
Malinga ndi kafukufuku waposachedwa komanso malingaliro a akatswiri padziko lonse lapansi, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yathunthu mwa odwala onse omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 2, komwe ndikofunikira kuti ayambe kulandira chithandizo, akufanana ndi 3.5 mmol / l.
Ngati mukukayikira kukhalapo kwa cholesterol plaques, wodwalayo ayenera kuthandizidwa ndi akatswiri monga dokotala wamatsenga, mtima, dokotala wa opaleshoni, nephrologist, ndi opaleshoni ya mtima.
Pakakhala mawonekedwe azachipatala komanso cholesterol yokwanira 5 mmol pa lita imodzi, chithandizo chimayamba ndikusintha kwa moyo wamunthu. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kukana kumwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa ndi zopangira fodya. Kuphatikiza apo, mfundo yofunika ndikutsatira kwambiri zakudya za anticholesterol komanso kupezeka kwa zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi tsiku lililonse.
Monga lamulo, odwala onse omwe ali ndi zizindikiro za kuwonongeka kwa mtima amalimbikitsidwa kuti achepetse kupita patsogolo kwa zinthu za atherosulinosis zomwe zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yoyipa m'madzi a m'magazi. Izi zimaphatikizapo zipatso zatsopano, masamba, mtedza, ndi mbewu zina. Zinapezeka kuti ndi kuchepa kwa cholesterol yamagazi ndi 50%, mayamwidwe pang'ono a zisindikizo za cholesterol amachitika, chifukwa chotsika ndi 10%.
Ndikofunikira kuphatikiza pazogulitsa zomwe zimakhudza kuwonjezeka kwa HDL. Mafuta a Omega-3 ali ndi izi. Amapezeka mu nsomba zamchere, mtedza, ndi mbewu za fulakesi.
Zikakhala kuti chithandizo chotere sichimapereka zotsatira zabwino, akatswiri amapanga chithandizo chowonjezereka ndi mankhwala.
Mankhwala amakono, kukonzekera cholesterol plaque m'mitsempha yamagazi kumakhala ndi zotsutsana zosiyanasiyana:
- Zotsatira zamafuta a asidi zimathandizira kuchepetsa kuyamwa kwa cholesterol kuchokera mu chakudya kulowa m'magazi. Kuchokera m'matumbo, amatulutsa ma asidi a bile, ndikupangitsa chiwindi kuti chiziwonetsa chatsopano kuchokera ku cholesterol yomwe ilipo;
- Ma protein ndi ma fiber amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa LDL m'magazi. Amachepetsa ndikuletsa mapangidwe a cholesterol m'thupi lokha kapena imathandizira kupukusa kwake ndi bile;
- Mankhwala ena amalimbikitsa kuchuluka kwa HDL m'magazi.
Mukamasankha mankhwala othandizira zolembera, ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi katswiri yemwe amasankha njira yabwino kwambiri kwa wodwala aliyense, kutengera umboni wa kafukufuku ndi machitidwe a munthu.
Chithandizo cha cholesterol plaque ndi njira zina ziyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi mankhwala achikhalidwe cha atherosulinosis ndipo ziyenera kuchitidwa kokha mwa chilolezo cha adokotala ndipo akuwongolera.
Chifukwa chake, yankho ku funso loti ngati pali atherosulinosis yokhala ndi cholesterol yokhazikika ndizotsimikizira. Pokhala matenda owopsa komanso ovuta, atherosulinosis imafunikira chithandizo mosamalitsa komanso chovuta. Kukula kwa matendawa kumakhudzidwa ndi zinthu zambiri, chifukwa chake amalimbikitsidwa kuyendera madokotala pafupipafupi komanso kukayezetsa, komanso kusiya zizolowezi zoyipa ndikukhala ndi moyo wathanzi komanso wokangalika.
Momwe mungachotsere cholesterol malo omwe akufotokozedwa muvidiyoyi.
