Ziwerengero zimati nthawi zambiri kufa msanga kumayambitsa atherosulinosis. Matendawa amabweretsa vasoconstriction, chifukwa chomwe pamakhala kugundika kwa magazi, mitsempha ndi mtima zimayamba. Koma kodi cholesterol imagwira ntchito yanji pamenepa?
Monga mukudziwa, mukamadya mafuta a nyama, zotsala zawo sizimangodziunjikira pakhungu. Amasonkhanitsanso m'mitsempha yamagazi, ndikupanga zolembera za atherosulinotic zomwe zimasokoneza kuthamanga kwa magazi. Zotsatira zake, katundu pamtima amawonjezeka ndipo kupanikizika kumakula. Thupi likamakula, vutolo limakulirakulira ndipo ischemia ikukula.
Kukula kwa mapepala kumapangitsa kuti magazi azitsekeka, necrosis komanso mawonekedwe a gangrene. Izi ndi gawo laling'ono chabe lazotsatira za hypercholesterolemia. Izi ndizowopsa makamaka kwa odwala matenda ashuga, anthu omwe samatsata zakudya ndipo amakhala ndi zizolowezi zoyipa. Chifukwa chake, aliyense ayenera kudziwa chomwe chiri cholesterol chowopsa komanso momwe angasinthire kuchuluka kwake.
Kodi cholesterol ndi chiyani?
Cholesterol ndi mafuta acid ester. Amapangidwa ndikuwupanga m'chiwindi. Ndi chakudya, ndi gawo laling'ono chabe la zinthu lomwe limalowa m'thupi.
Mwanjira yolumikizidwa, organic pompopompo imapezeka mu lipoproteins ndi cholesterols. LDL ndi lipoprotein yotsika kwambiri. Amapangitsa cholesterol kukhala yoyipa. Katunduyu amaikidwa pamakoma am'mimba, amachepetsa lumen wawo.
HDL - ndi lipoproteins yapamwamba. Ndizothandiza kwa thupi, chifukwa zimalepheretsa mapangidwe a atherosrance.
Ngakhale kuvulaza kwa LDL, kugwira ntchito bwino kwa thupi popanda sizingatheke. Kutsogolera cholesterol ntchito:
- ndi gawo la maselo;
- amatenga nawo gawo pantchito ya adrenal glands, kupanga mafupa amitsempha;
- imapereka kapangidwe kazakudya zam'mimba ndi michere;
- popanda iwo, lipid metabolism ndi yosatheka;
- ndi gawo la mavitamini osungunuka a mafuta ndi mahomoni;
- imapereka kubereka;
- amasintha kuwala kwa dzuwa kukhala Vitamini D;
- amateteza maselo ofiira m'magazi a hemolytic poizoni;
- ndi gawo limodzi lofunikira la mapangidwe a bile;
- imasintha magwiridwe antchito a serotonin receptors, omwe amayang'anira mawonekedwe a chisangalalo ndi chisangalalo.
Kuti thupi likhale lathanzi, ndikuti dongosolo lake lonse lizigwira ntchito mokwanira, kuyenera pakati pa HDL ndi LDL. Mlingo wa cholesterol m'magazi umatengera zaka, jenda komanso thupi. Chifukwa chake, mwa azimayi panthawi yoyembekezera, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zinthu kumachulukitsidwa pang'ono, komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi kukonzanso kwakumbuyo ya mahomoni.
Muyeso wa cholesterol yathunthu kwa munthu wosakwana zaka 25 ndi 4.6 mmol / l. Chizindikiro chovomerezeka kwa abambo chimachokera ku 2.25 mpaka 4.82 mmol / l, kwa akazi - 1.92-4.51 mmol / l.
Pazaka, zikhalidwe zimatha kusintha, mwachitsanzo, zaka 40-60, mlingo wochokera pa 6.7 mpaka 7.2 mmol / l ndivomerezeka.
Amayambitsa ndi zizindikiro za hypercholesterolemia
Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zimatha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa LDL m'magazi. Cholinga chachikulu ndikugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta omwe amasokoneza mtima wamtima.
Mankhwala a cholesterol amawonjezeka ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi osakwanira. Kusakhalako kwa katundu kumachepetsa njira za metabolic komanso kumathandizira kuti LDL ikhale m'matumba. M'tsogolomu, izi zingayambitse kukula kwa matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2.
Kuopsa kwa hypercholesterolemia kumawonjezeka ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena pafupipafupi. Izi zikuphatikiza ndi steroid, njira zolerera komanso corticosteroids.
Chifukwa china chomwe chimapangitsa mafuta ochulukirapo ndimasamba a bile mu chiwindi. Mchitidwewu umayamba motsutsana ndi komwe kachilombo kamayambitsa matenda osokoneza bongo, uchidakwa komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa.
Zina zomwe zimathandizira kupezeka kwa LDL m'magazi:
- kunenepa
- kuchepa kwa mahomoni opangidwa ndi chithokomiro;
- kutengera kwa chibadwa;
- gout
- matenda oopsa
- mankhwala osokoneza bongo (kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa komanso kusuta);
- kusamba kusanachitike;
- kupsinjika kosalekeza;
- matenda a impso
- megaloblastic anemia.
Matenda osatha a m'mapapo, nyamakazi, kudzikongoletsa kwamadzi am'madzi, khansa ya Prostate, matenda a Werner komanso matenda a mtima amathandizanso kuti mafuta asawonongeke. Ngakhale nyengo imakhudza mulingo wa LDL. Chifukwa chake, mwa anthu akum'mwera akumayiko ambiri kumanzere kwamafuta akuthupi kumadutsa kwambiri kuposa anthu omwe akukhetsa kumpoto.
Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumabweretsa shuga. Ndipo mulingo wa zinthu zovulaza zimatengera zaka komanso jenda. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti abambo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi vuto la hypercholesterolemia, ndipo anthu okalamba amakhala ndi metabolism yocheperako, ndichifukwa chake kupezeka kwamitsempha kwa mtima kumawonjezera ndipo zinthu zovulaza zimalowa mosavuta m'makoma awo.
Mutha kudziwa kukhalapo kwa cholesterol yayikulu m'magazi kunyumba, ngati mumalabadira zizindikiro zingapo. Ndi kudzikundikira kwa chinthu chonga mafuta m'thupi, kupweteka kumachitika m'munsi m'munsi ndi khosi, kufupika, angina pectoris, migraine, ndi matenda oopsa.
Xanthomas amawoneka pakhungu la wodwala. Awa ndi mawanga achikaso kuzungulira maso. Zizindikiro zina za hypercholesterolemia:
- coronary thrombosis;
- kunenepa kwambiri;
- kulephera kwa mtima;
- kulephera mumimba;
- kusowa kwa vitamini;
- kuwonongeka kowoneka ndi kupasuka kwamitsempha yamagazi.
Cholesterol chovulaza thupi
Kodi zochulukirapo za LDL zingaopseze chiyani? Zinthu zokhala ndi cholesterol zikakhala zabwinobwino, atherosulinosis imayamba, zomwe zimawonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi stroke kapena vuto la mtima. Zotsirizira zimawonekera chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ya coronary yomwe imadyetsa myocardium ndi malo atherosclerotic.
Mitsempha yamagazi ikatsekeka, magazi okwanira ndi mpweya sizilowa mumtima. Umu ndi m'mene mtima umakhalira, pomwe wodwala amakhala ndi kufooka, mtima wake umasokonekera, ndipo kugona kumatuluka.
Ngati matendawa sanazindikiridwe munthawi yake, ndiye kuti kupweteka kwambiri mumtima kumachitika ndi mitundu ya IHD. Ischemia ndiowopsa chifukwa imatsogolera kugunda kapena kugunda kwa mtima.
Komanso kuvulaza kwa hypercholesterolemia ndikuti kumapangitsa kuti ma cell a ubongo awoneke. Chifukwa cha kuperewera kwakuthupi kwamunthu, munthu amayamba kuyiwalika, amavutitsidwa ndi mutu, amakhala mumaso nthawi zonse. Ngati atherosulinosis ya ubongo imatsagana ndi matenda oopsa, ndiye kuti matendawa angawonjezeke nthawi 10.
Koma chowopsa chachikulu paumoyo ndikuti zolemba za atherosulinotic nthawi zambiri zimathandizira kuti ziwombe. Ndipo izi ndizovunda ndi imfa, ndipo ndizotheka kuthandiza munthu pazaka 10% zokha.
Ngati mupitilira muyeso ya cholesterol m'mwazi, zovuta zina zingapo zimatha;
- kusokonezeka kwa mahomoni;
- matenda aakulu a chiwindi ndi adrenal glands;
- matenda ashuga nephropathy;
- angina pectoris;
- pulmonary embolism;
- kulephera kwa mtima;
Momwe mungapangire mafuta a cholesterol
Hypercholesterolemia iyenera kuthandizidwa kwambiri. Ngati cholesterol ili yofunikira, kuti muchepetse muyenera kufunsa dokotala yemwe akupatseni mankhwala. Mankhwala odziwika a atherosulinosis ndi ma statins, bile acid sequestrants, ma fibrate, ACE inhibitors, vasodilators ndi omega-3 acid. Alpha lipoic acid amalembanso.
Kuphatikiza pa kumwa mankhwala, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndikuyenda moyera kumathandizanso kuchepetsa cholesterol yoopsa ya LDL. M'pofunikanso kusiya zosokoneza bongo, kupewa kupsinjika ndikuthandizira matenda a impso, chiwindi, mapapo, mtima, kapamba.
Zakudya zoyenera zimathandizanso kuchepetsa cholesterol m'magazi. Ndi hypercholesterolemia, ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse zakudya:
- nyama zamafuta;
- maswiti;
- msuzi wa phwetekere;
- mankhwala omalizidwa;
- zakudya zokazinga;
- kuphika;
- khofi
- maapulo.
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kudya zakudya zomwe zimatha kutsitsa cholesterol. Awa ndi ma hercules, kaloti, chimanga, rye kapena mkate wopanda bulauni. Komanso, odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi atherosulinosis ayenera kuphatikizanso zipatso za zipatso, adyo, mapeyala, nsomba zam'madzi, maapulo ndi nyemba mu zakudya.
Ndemanga ya anthu omwe ali ndi mavuto ndi mtima wamtima, adatsimikiza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwamafuta opaka. Chogulitsachi chili ndi mafuta ambiri, omwe amayang'anira kuchuluka kwa LDL ku HDL. Kupanga cholesterol yotsika, ndikokwanira kudya pafupifupi 50 ml ya mafuta patsiku.
Parsley, yemwe ali ndi zakudya zamafuta oyeretsa matumbo, amathandizira kuthetsa hypercholesterolemia. Ngakhale polimbana ndi cholesterol yoyipa, bowa wa oyisitara amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Bowa ali ndi statin yachilengedwe yomwe imapangitsa matenda a lipid metabolism.
Phindu ndi zovulaza za cholesterol zafotokozedwa mu kanema munkhaniyi.
