Pafupifupi munthu aliyense amakhulupirira kuti cholesterol yamagazi ndiyabwino. Ambiri amva za ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction chifukwa cha atherosulinosis yamitsempha yamagazi. Koma chinthucho sichimawoneka ngati cholakwika. Ndi mowa wamafuta, wofunikira pakugwira bwino ntchito kwa chamoyo chilichonse.
Kuperewera kwa kholesterol kumabweretsa kukula kwa matenda ovutika maganizo, mpaka kudzipha, kusokoneza kupanga kwa bile ndi zinthu zina zamafuta, zimakhala ndi zovuta zina. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti ndendezo ndizabwino kwambiri - kupatuka kumbali ina kapena ina kukuwopseza moyo.
Kodi cholesterol imachokera kuti? Ena amachokera ku chakudya. Koma thupi laumunthu limatha kudzipangira payokha zinthu izi. Makamaka, kupanga kumachitika m'chiwindi, impso, gren adrenal, gland komanso matumbo.
Talingalirani, chifukwa chiyani cholesterol yamagazi imakwera? Ndikupezanso njira ziti zomwe zimathandizira kusintha chisonyezo cha matenda ashuga?
Cholesterol ndi ntchito zake mthupi
Cholesterol (dzina lina ndi cholesterol) ndi mafuta achilengedwe omwe amapezeka m'maselo a chamoyo. Mosiyana ndi mafuta ena achilengedwe, lilibe mphamvu yosungunuka m'madzi. M'magazi a anthu mumapezeka mitundu ya mankhwala osokoneza bongo - lipoproteins.
Thupi limagwira ntchito yayikulu pakugwira ntchito kokhazikika kwa thupi lonse komanso machitidwe ake, ziwalo. Zinthu zokhala ngati mafuta zimatchedwa kuti zabwino kapena zoyipa. Kulekanitsidwa kumeneku ndikotsutsana, chifukwa chinthucho sichingakhale chabwino kapena choyipa.
Ili ndi kapangidwe kamodzi kapangidwe kake. Zotsatira zake zimatsimikiziridwa ndiomwe amaphatikiza cholesterol iti. Mwanjira ina, chiwopsezo chimawonedwa mu zochitika ngati gawo likakhala lolumikizidwa m'malo momasuka.
Pali magulu angapo a mapuloteni omwe amapereka cholesterol ku ziwalo zosiyanasiyana ndi minofu:
- Gulu lalikulu la kulemera kwa maselo (HDL). Mulinso lipoproteins yapamwamba kwambiri, yomwe ili ndi dzina losiyana - "lothandiza" cholesterol;
- Gulu lolemera kwambiri (LDL). Mulinso lipoproteins yotsika kwambiri, yomwe imakhudzana ndi cholesterol yoyipa.
- Mapuloteni ochepa kwambiri amalemera ochepetsedwa amayimiriridwa ndi subclass ya ochulukitsa kwambiri lipoprotein;
- Chylomicron ndi gulu la mapuloteni omwe amapangidwa m'matumbo.
Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kokwanira m'magazi, mahomoni a steroid, ma acids a bile amapangidwa. Vutoli limagwira mwachangu mu chitetezo chamthupi komanso chitetezo cha mthupi, ndipo limathandizira pakupanga vitamini D.
Kodi cholesterol imachokera kuti?
Ndiye, tiyeni tiwone komwe cholesterol yamagazi imachokera? Ndikulakwitsa kukhulupirira kuti zinthuzo zimachokera ku chakudya chokha. Pafupifupi 25% ya cholesterol imabwera ndi zinthu zomwe zili ndi chinthu ichi. Maperesenti otsalawo amapangika m'thupi la munthu.
Kuphatikizikako kumakhudza chiwindi, matumbo ang'ono, impso, ma adrenal gland, glands komanso khungu. Thupi laumunthu limakhala ndi 80% ya cholesterol mwaulere ndi 20% momangidwa.
Njira yopangira njirayi ndi iyi: mafuta ochokera ku nyama amalowa m'mimba ndi chakudya. Amaswa mothandizidwa ndi bile, pambuyo pake amawatengera kumatumbo ochepa. Mafuta okhathamira amayamwa kuchokera mmakoma, kenako amalowa m'chiwindi mothandizidwa ndi njira yoyendayenda.
Chotsalacho chimalowa m'matumbo akulu, momwe chimalowanso m'chiwindi. Thupi lomwe silikumizidwa pazifukwa zilizonse limachoka m'thupi mwachilengedwe - limodzi ndi ndowe.
Kuchokera ku cholesterol yomwe ikubwera, chiwindi chimapanga ma asidi a bile, omwe amadziwika kuti ndi zigawo za steroid. Nthawi zambiri, njirayi imatenga pafupifupi 80-85% yazinthu zomwe zikubwera. Komanso, lipoprotein amapangidwa kuchokera ku iyo kuphatikiza ndi mapuloteni. Izi zimapereka mayendedwe ku minofu ndi ziwalo.
Zokhudza lipoproteins:
- Ma LDL ndi akulu, amakhala ndi mawonekedwe otayirira, chifukwa amakhala ndi lipids zochuluka. Amamatira mkati mwa mitsempha yamagazi, yomwe imapanga chikhazikitso cha atherosrance.
- HDL ili ndi gawo laling'ono, lolemera, chifukwa lili ndi mapuloteni ambiri olemera. Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake, mamolekyu amatha kusungira lipids yowonjezera pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi ndikuwatumiza ku chiwindi kuti akonzedwe.
Zakudya zoyipa, kumwa mafuta ambiri amthupi kumadzetsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi m'magazi. Cholesterol imatha kuwonjezera nyama yamafuta, mafuta ophikira amphaka, mbatata yokazinga mu mafuta a masamba, shrimp, ufa ndi zinthu zotsekemera, mayonesi, etc. Zimakhudza LDL ndi mazira a nkhuku, makamaka, yolk. Ili ndi cholesterol yambiri. Koma pali zinthu zina zomwe zimapangidwa m'mafuta zomwe zimaletsa mowa wamafuta, motero zimaloledwa kuzigwiritsa ntchito patsiku.
Kodi cholesterol m'thupi imachokera kuti ngati munthuyu ndi wazomera? Popeza chinthucho chimabwera osati ndi zinthu zokha, komanso chimapangidwa mkati mwa thupi, motsutsana ndi zomwe zimapangitsa, chizindikirocho chimakweza kuposa zabwinobwino.
Mulingo woyenera wa cholesterol yokwanira mpaka magawo 5.2, zomwe zili zovomerezeka ndizosiyana kuchoka pa 5.2 mpaka 6.2 mmol / l.
Pa mulingo woposa magawo 6.2, miyeso yotsitsa chizindikiro imatengedwa.
Zimayambitsa High Cholesterol
Mbiri ya cholesterol imadalira zinthu zambiri. Mlingo wa LDL samangokulira nthawi zonse ngati thupi la munthu limalandira mafuta ambiri a cholesterol. Kukhazikika kwa mapangidwe a atherosclerotic amayamba mothandizidwa ndi zinthu zingapo.
Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yoipa ndi chizindikiro chakuti thupi lili ndi mavuto akulu, matenda a pathologies, komanso njira zina za pathological zomwe zimalepheretsa kupanga mafuta ambiri, zomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa matenda amtima.
Kuchulukaku nthawi zambiri kumadalira mtundu wakubadwa. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka ndi mabanja ndi polygenic hypercholesterolemia.
Matenda omwe amabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa LDL m'magazi:
- Aimpso ntchito - ndi nephroptosis, aimpso kulephera;
- Hypertension (kuthamanga kwa magazi);
- Matenda a chiwindi, mwachitsanzo, hepatitis yacute kapena yodwala;
- Matenda a kapamba - chotupa neoplasms, pachimake ndi mawonekedwe a kapamba;
- Type 2 shuga
- Kusokonekera kugaya kwa shuga;
- Hypothyroidism;
- Kuchepa kwa kukula kwa mahomoni.
Kuwonjezeka kwa cholesterol yoyipa sikuli konse chifukwa cha matenda. Zomwe zimaperekedwa zimaphatikizapo nthawi yokhala ndi mwana, kumwa kwambiri mowa, kusokonezeka kwa metabolic, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena (okodzetsa, mankhwala a steroid, ndi njira zothandizira pakamwa).
Momwe mungathanirane ndi cholesterol yayikulu?
Chowonadi ndi kupangidwa kwa cholesterol plaques, izi ndizowopseza osati thanzi, komanso moyo wa odwala matenda ashuga. Chifukwa cha zovuta zoyipa, chiopsezo cha thrombosis chimachulukitsa kangapo, chomwe chimawonjezera mwayi wamatenda a mtima, hemorrhagic kapena ischemic stroke, pulmonary embolism, ndi zovuta zina.
Ndikofunikira kuthana ndi cholesterol yayikulu kwathunthu. Choyamba, madokotala amalimbikitsa kuyambiranso moyo wawo komanso kusamalira zakudya. Zakudya zimaphatikizapo kuchepetsa zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi cholesterol.
Ndikofunika kuti wodwala wodwala matenda ashuga osaposa 300 mg wa mafuta ngati mowa patsiku. Pali zakudya zomwe zimakulitsa LDL, koma pali zakudya zomwe zimakhala zotsika:
- Biringanya, sipinachi, broccoli, udzu winawake, beets ndi zukini.
- Zogulitsa za Nut zimathandiza kutsika LDL. Ali ndi mavitamini ambiri omwe amakhudza momwe mtima ndi mitsempha ya magazi imakhudzira.
- Nsomba, nsomba, trout ndi nsomba zina zimathandizira kuti mapangidwe a atheroscrotic. Amadyedwa mumphika wophika, wophika kapena wamchere.
- Zipatso - mapeyala, currants, makangaza. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amalangizidwa kuti asankhe mitundu yopanda mtundu.
- Uchi wachilengedwe
- Zakudya zam'nyanja.
- Tiyi yobiriwira.
- Chokoleti chakuda.
Masewera amathandizira kuchotsa cholesterol. Kuchita zolimbitsa thupi moyenera kumachotsa lipids zowonjezera zomwe zimalowa m'thupi ndi chakudya. Pamene lipoprotein yoyipa sikhala m'thupi kwa nthawi yayitali, alibe nthawi yokumamatira khoma la chotengera. Zatsimikiziridwa mwasayansi kuti anthu omwe amathamanga pafupipafupi sangakhale ndi mapangidwe a atherosulinotic, ali ndi shuga wabwinobwino wamwazi. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndizothandiza kwambiri kwa okalamba, popeza patatha zaka 50, kuchuluka kwa LDL kumawonjezeka pafupifupi, komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi moyo.
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti musiye kusuta - chinthu chomwe chimadetsa thanzi. Ndudu za fodya zimakhudza ziwalo zonse, kupatula, zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha mitsempha ya magazi. Ndikofunikira kuchepetsa kumwa kwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa 50 g zakumwa zamphamvu ndi 200 ml ya mowa wochepa (mowa, ale).
Kumwa timadziti takufinya kumene ndi njira yabwino yochizira komanso kupewa hypercholesterolemia. Tiyenera kumwa madzi a kaloti, udzu winawake, maapulo, beets, nkhaka, kabichi ndi malalanje.
Akatswiri omwe ali mu vidiyoyi azikamba za cholesterol.
