Vuto la matenda oopsa ndi kuchuluka kosalekeza komanso kosatha kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi (matenda oopsa), omwe adachitika mwadzidzidzi popanda zizindikilo zam'mbuyomu.
Nthawi zambiri, izi zimachitika limodzi ndi zizindikiro zake, ndipo zimachitika zomwe zimakhudzana ndi kupezeka kwa ma concomitant pathologies ndi matenda. Ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa mwatsatanetsatane chifukwa chake imatha kukhazikika, komanso momwe mungaperekere chithandizo choyamba pamavuto oopsa kwambiri.
Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda oopsa
Mavuto obwera chifukwa cha matenda oopsa, mwatsoka, zimachitika masiku athu ano.
Ndizowopsa kuti angatenge modabwitsa anthu omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino omwe samakayikira kuti ali ndi zovuta zilizonse pakukakamizidwa.
Pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale matenda a pathological.
Onani zifukwa zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri vuto la matenda oopsa.
Hypertension - ndiowopsa kwambiri, chifukwa nthawi zambiri, odwala samamwa mankhwala a antihypertensive, koma ataye nthawi yomweyo akakakamizika kukakamiza. Kumbukirani kuti muyenera kumwa mapiritsi pafupipafupi, apo ayi chiopsezo chotenga zovuta chikukula tsiku lililonse;
Atherosclerosis ndi matenda omwe cholesterol amayikidwa m'mitsempha yamagazi, ndikupanga zolembera. Zidutswa izi zimatulukira mu lumen ya chotengera, pang'onopang'ono zimakula komanso zimasokoneza kayendedwe kamagetsi. Izi zimabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa kupanikizika mu ziwiya zomwe zakhudzidwa. Njira yosakhazikika pamatenda imatha kubweretsa vuto lalikulu;
Matenda a impso - akhoza kukhala pyelonephritis (kutupa kwa impso pelvis), glomerulonephritis (kuwonongeka kwa aimpso glomeruli, nthawi zambiri amakhala wa autoimmune), nephroptosis (kusowa kwa impso);
Matenda a shuga - pakapita nthawi, odwala matenda ashuga amakhala ndi zovuta zingapo, zomwe zimaphatikizapo matenda a shuga - macroangiopathy (kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yayikulu komanso yayikulu). Chifukwa chophwanya magazi abwinobwino, kupanikizika kumakula kwambiri. Komanso, odwala matenda a shuga nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi diabetesic nephropathy (kuwonongeka kwa impso), komwe kumakhudza kwambiri kuthamanga kwa magazi;
Matenda a endocrine system - amatha kuphatikizira pheochromocytoma (chotupa cha adrenal medulla yomwe imatulutsa mahomoni adrenaline ndi norepinephrine mopitilira muyeso; iwo ali ndi vuto lakuchulukitsa, makamaka pamavuto), matenda a Itsenko-Cushing (glucocorticoids - mahormoni acorte amasungidwa kwambiri) adrenal glands), matenda a hyperaldosteronism oyamba kapena matenda a Conn (pamenepa, mahomoni ambiri amapangidwa, omwe amachititsa kagayidwe kamchere wamadzi), n NTRY kusintha (mahomoni kulephera amapezeka), hyperthyroidism (yodziwika ndi mwai katulutsidwe mahomoni chithokomiro, amene ali ndi udindo kugunda kwa mtima, kugunda kwa mtima ndi kuthamanga);
Matenda a Autoimmune - awa ndi monga zokhudza zonse lupus erythematosus, rheumatism, scleroderma, periarteritis nodosa.
Zomwe zimapereka:
- mavuto amanjenje;
- kusintha kwa nyengo;
- uchidakwa;
- kusowa kwa mchere wa pagome (kumasungabe madzi mthupi);
- kulimbitsa thupi mwamphamvu.
Chochititsa china chowonjezera chikhoza kukhala kusowa kwa madzi m'magetsi (makamaka kuphwanya kwa sodium / potaziyamu).
Gulu la mavuto ndi mawonekedwe awo
Kutengera ndi makina a zovuta zamagazi, pali magawo awiri azisokonezo.
Loyamba limatengera kuti ziwalo zomwe zakulondolerani (mtima, impso, mapapu ndi ubongo) zimakhudzidwa.
Gulu lachiwiri limatengera mwachindunji zomwe zikuyambitsa vuto la matenda oopsa. Mtundu uliwonse umatha kuwonekera mosiyanasiyana.
Chifukwa chake, amasiyanitsa:
- Mavuto osavuta ndi kulumpha kofananako kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi, koma komwe ziwalo zomwe sizikuvulazidwa sizinavutike, ndiye kuti: palibe kuphwanya myocardial infarction, stroke, pulmonary edema ndi kulephera kwa aimpso. Ndi mtundu uwu, palibe chifukwa chobweretsera kuchipatala, ndipo nthawi zina chisamaliro chamankhwala chisanachitike chimaletsa;
- Mavuto ovuta - panthawi yomwe akukula, vuto limodzi kapena zingapo pamwambapa zilipo. Pankhaniyi, kugonekedwa kuchipatala mwachangu ndi chithandizo chamankhwala chofunikira ndikofunikira. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mulibe konse zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse kupanikizika!
Mtundu wa Neurovegetative - vuto la mtundu uwu limakonda kukhazikika chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa malingaliro. Chifukwa cha mavuto amanjenje, kuchuluka kwa adrenaline kumasulidwa.
Mahomoni omwe amalowa m'magazi am'magazi amatsogolera ku mawonekedwe a kupweteka pamutu, makamaka khosi ndi akachisi, chizungulire, tinnitus, nseru, kusanza kwambiri, kufinya pamaso pa maso, kugunda kwamtima mwachangu komanso kugunda kwakukulu, chimbudzi. thukuta lalikulu, kumverera pakamwa kowuma, manja akunjenjemera, redness ya nkhope ndipo, mwachidziwikire, kuchuluka kwa magazi, makamaka systolic kuposa diastolic. Kuphatikiza apo, odwala satha kupuma, kuda nkhawa, mantha komanso kumva mantha.
Matenda amtunduwu oopsa sangakhale oopsa ndipo amabweretsa zovuta zambiri kawirikawiri. Vutolo likakula, kukodza pafupipafupi nthawi zambiri kumachitika, nthawi zambiri kumatenga osaposa maola asanu.
Mtundu wa edematous (wamchere-wamchere) - umakonda kukhala wachilengedwe mwa akazi opitilira 40, omwe nthawi zambiri amalota kuti athetse mapaundi owonjezera. Ambiri mwa azimayi awa amakhala atayamba kale kusanza, kutsatiridwa ndi kusasimbika kwa mahomoni. Pankhaniyi, dongosolo la renin-angiotensin 2-aldosterone limavutika. Renin ali ndi udindo wowonjezera kuthamanga kwa magazi, angiotensin imalimbikitsa kuphipha kwamitsempha yamagazi, ndipo aldosterone imasungabe madzi mthupi kudzera mu sodium.
Hyperfunction ya dongosololi imabweretsa kukuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono koma mosalekeza. Odwala oterewa ndi osagwira ntchito, amasiya kukhala ndi chidwi ndi moyo, amafuna kugona nthawi zonse, samangokhala malo okhazikika. Khungu lawo limakhala lotuwa nthawi zambiri, nkhope yawo imakhala yotupa, yotupa, ndipo matope ndi zala zimatupa.
Asanafike kuukira, azimayi amatha kudandaula za kufooka kwapafupipafupi, kuchepa kwina ndi kuchepa (chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa impso), kuzindikira kwakusokonekera mu ntchito zamtima (extrasystole - contractions yodabwitsa). Kupanikizika kumakwera chimodzimodzi - onse systolic ndi diastolic. Mitundu yovuta yamavuto sikuti ndiyowopsa komanso yokhala ndi zipatso za neuro, koma nthawi yake imatha kukhala yayitali.
Mtundu wotsutsa mwina ndi wovuta kwambiri komanso wowopsa. Ndi mtundu uwu, zotengera zazing'ono zaubongo zimakhudzidwa kwambiri. Chifukwa chodumphadumpha m'magazi, amalephera kuyendetsa kamvekedwe ka mawu awo, chifukwa magazi amatuluka bwino kupita ku minyewa yaubongo. Zotsatira zake, edema yamatumbo imayamba. Itha kukhala mpaka masiku atatu. Akapanikizika kwambiri, odwala amayamba kukokana, ndipo amasiya kuzindikira.
Pambuyo pogwidwa, mwina sangadzindikire kwathunthu, kapena kusokonezeka kwakumbuyo ndi kuyang'ana kwina kungadziwike. Masomphenya nthawi zambiri amazimiririka. Mtundu wotsutsa wamavuto ndiwowopsa chifukwa cha zovuta zake - kupezeka kwa mawonekedwe a sitiroko, kupuwala pang'ono.
Ngakhale kukomoka ndi kufa ndizotheka.
Thandizo loyamba pamavuto oopsa kwambiri
M'mphindi zoyambirira muyenera kuyimbira ambulansi.
Kuti mupereke, muyenera kudziwa bwino zamagulu a zochita mukamapereka thandizo.
Poyamba, wodwalayo amayenera kuyikidwa m'malo momwe mutu umakwezedwa pang'ono.
Kenako adzafunika kumwa mapiritsi am'magazi a mankhwala monga:
- calcium blockers (Nifedipine ndiyabwino pano);
- angiotensin akatembenuka enzyme zoletsa (mapiritsi 2 a Captopril ayenera kutafuna mkamwa);
- vasodilator mankhwala, kapena antispasmodics (Dibazol, komabe, poyamba imadzutsa kwambiri zovuta, zomwe zimakhala zowopsa, ndipo pokhapokha pang'onopang'ono zimachepetsa, kapena Papaverine);
- beta-blockers (metoprolol ndiolandilidwa).
Kuphatikiza pa njira zamankhwala, wodwalayo amafunika kuyika kutentha kumapazi ake kuti akweze ziwiya za spasmodic komanso kusintha magazi monse. Itha kukhala phukusi lotenthetsera kapena thaulo lotentha. Kenako, mumasule wodwalayo zovala zomwe zingamulepheretse kupuma kwathunthu (kumasula kolala ya malaya, kumasula taye). Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti ndi mapiritsi ati omwe munthu amamwa mopanikizika, pa mlingo wanji, komanso ngati amupatsa mankhwala onse. Chifukwa nthawi zambiri pamachitika mavuto obwera chifukwa cha hypotensive omwe amapezeka mwa odwala omwe safuna chithandizo. Ndikofunikira kudziwa ngati wodwalayo akutenga diuretics, mwachitsanzo, furosemide. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pamavuto amchere wamchere wamadzi, chifukwa ma diuretics (okodzetsa) athandizira kuchotsa madzi ochulukirapo m'thupi. Mutha kubaya madontho ochepa a corvalol, tincture wa valerian kapena mamawort, kuti muchepetse munthu pang'ono.
Nthawi zambiri, mavuto oopsa amakhala limodzi ndi kuwawa kwa kupweteka kwambiri kumbuyo kwa kumbuyo. Izi ndi mawonekedwe a angina pectoris. Ndi zovuta zotere, mapiritsi amodzi kapena awiri a nitroglycerin amaperekedwa nthawi zonse pansi pa lilime. Koma ngati kupanikizika kwambiri, ndiye kuti kumatha kugwa kwambiri, kenako mutu umalimba. Izi zimalepheretsedwa ndi Validol, chifukwa chake, ndi vuto la angina pectoris palimodzi ndi zovuta, ndibwino kuti muchepetse kupanikizika kwa Nitroglycerin ndi Validol pansi pa lilime.
Gulu la ambulansi litafika, amayamba kupereka chithandizo chamankhwala mwadzidzidzi malinga ndi ndondomeko za boma pazovuta zazikulu. Ali ndi magome ndi njira zowerengera kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa. Nthawi zambiri amapereka jakisoni, yomwe imaphatikizapo antispasmodics, painkillers, beta-blockers, kapena angiotensin kutembenuza enzyme inhibitors. Kungaphatikizeponso magnesia, mankhwala oletsa kuperewera.
Kubwezeretsa pambuyo pakuwukira ndi kupewa kubwereza
Ngati zidachitika kuti mavutowa adakula, musataye mtima.
Muyenera kuyesa kupezanso mphamvu ndikuonetsetsa kuti mupumula kwathunthu.
Kukonzanso sikungokhala kwakanthawi ngati mumvera mosamala ndikutsatira malingaliro onse a dokotala.
Mndandanda woyenera wa zinthu zomwe zingakuthandizeni kuchira msanga pambuyo pamavuto oopsa kwambiri komanso kupewa yatsopano ndi motere:
- muyenera kudzilimbitsa mu masiku oyamba zikatha, kupanikizika kwambiri kulibe ntchito;
- zolimbitsa thupi mtsogolomo zidzachepetsedwa kuti zisasokoneze mtima;
- zofunika zakudya, muyenera woyamba kuchepetsa, kenako kupatula mchere wa patebulo m'zakudya, chifukwa ndi gwero la sodium ndipo umasungabe madzi m'thupi;
- patsani zakudya zokhala ndi index yotsika ya glycemic;
- antihypertensive mankhwala omwe adalembedwa kuchipatala, muyenera kumwa pafupipafupi ndipo palibe amene sangasiyidwe, mwanjira ina m'tsogolo sizingatheke kuthana ndi zovuta;
- ngati choyambitsa mavutowo sichinali matenda oopsa, koma matenda ena, ndiye kuti chithandizo chake chikuyenera kuthana nawo nthawi yomweyo;
- Ndikofunika kupewa kupsinjika ndikukhazikika pamtima;
- ndudu ndi mowa zidzayenera kusiyidwa;
- Ulendo wopita ku sanatorium sichikhala chopanda tanthauzo - izi zisanachitike, werengani zolemba zowunikira ndi malingaliro okhudza madera osiyanasiyana azaumoyo kuti musankhe zoyenera kwambiri;
- zidzakhala zothandiza kwambiri kukhala ngati ma kholingo pachiberekero;
- khofi ndi tiyi zimakhala ndi caffeine, yomwe imakweza kupsinjika, chifukwa chake amakhala osiyidwa kwa hypotensives.
Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuti mumayesedwe ndi dokotala wanu pafupipafupi.
Zambiri pa vuto la matenda oopsa zimaperekedwa mu kanema munkhaniyi.
