Atherosulinosis obliterans ndi matenda osachiritsika, osakhazikika, osakhwima omwe amakhudza mitsempha yayikulu komanso yayikulu. Amayamba motsutsana ndi maziko a zinthu zambiri, zomwe zazikuluzikulu za mafuta m'thupi.
Kuchulukitsa kwa piritsi kumeneku kumayikidwa mu khoma lamitsempha yamagalasi mwa mawonekedwe a atherosranceotic malo. Matendawa afala, makamaka masiku athu ano.
Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza zomwe zidayambitsa, zizindikiro ndi chithandizo cha matenda.
Zimayambitsa kufooketsa atherosulinosis
Kukula kwa kutha kwa atherosulinosis kumalumikizidwa ndi zifukwa zingapo, kapena m'malo mwake, zinthu zowopsa.
Pali mitundu itatu ya zinthu zotsogola zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiwonetsero cha atherosulinosis chidziwike.
Gulu loyamba limaphatikizira zifukwa zomwe zomwe sizingalepheretse chidwi chawo. Chifukwa chake, amatchedwa osasintha.
Izi zikuphatikiza:
- Kubadwa kapena kubadwa kwa cholowa - pafupifupi zana la zochitika za atherosulinosis, zomwezi zimachitikanso mwa odwala omwe ali obadwa nawo. Chifukwa chomwechi chimagwiranso pamavuto ena a lipid metabolism, mwachitsanzo, cholowa cha hypercholesterolemia, chomwe pambuyo pake chimayambitsa mavuto omwewo omwe amapezeka ndi atherosulinosis.
- M'badwo. Anthu azaka zapakati - makamaka achikulire kuposa zaka 40. Tsoka ilo, chifukwa cha ukalamba, mitsempha yamagazi imatha mphamvu, kunenepa komanso kusakhazikika, komwe kumakhala chipata cha cholesterol.
- Paulo Amayi amakhala ndi zovuta za cholesterol kuposa amuna, ndipo zizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa zimawonedwa zaka khumi zapitazo;
- Kusuta fodya - osuta ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezereka cha khansa yamapapu komanso chifuwa chachikulu, komanso chiwopsezo chachikulu cha atherosulinosis ndi zotsatirapo zonse zotsatirazi.
- Mavuto onenepa kwambiri ndiye chiopsezo chosakhazikika, chifukwa kuchepa thupi kumachitika nthawi zonse, mumangofunikira ndikukhumba.
Gulu lachiwopsezo lomwe limayitanidwa limatchedwa pang'ono, kapena loti lingasinthe.
Izi ndi izi:
- Kuphwanya zomwe zili mthupi kuphatikiza cholesterol yama lipids ena, monga triglycerides ndi chylomicrons;
- Matenda a shuga ndi matenda oopsa m'njira iliyonse. Popita nthawi, imodzi mwazomwe zimakumana ndi zovuta, matenda ashuga- ndi macroangiopathy amakula - kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yaying'ono komanso yayikulu. Mwachilengedwe, iyi ndi gawo labwino pakuphatikizidwa kwa cholesterol plaques. Kuphatikiza apo, odwala matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri amakhalanso onenepa kwambiri (makamaka ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga);
- Mitundu yotsika kwambiri ya lipoproteins yapamwamba - cholesterol yomwe imagwirizanayi imatchedwa "yabwino" ndipo siyowononga thupi, koma imodzi yomwe imalumikizidwa ndi lipoproteins yotsika komanso yotsika kwambiri siyothandiza kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, pakukonzekera chithandizo amayesetsa kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa "zabwino", ndikuchepetsa cholesterol "yoyipa";
- Metabolic syndrome ndi dzina lodziwika bwino la mawonekedwe angapo, omwe amaphatikizapo matenda oopsa (kuthamanga kwa magazi), kutsika kwamafuta amtundu wapakati (kwambiri pamimba), kuchuluka kwa triglycerides, ndi shuga wosakhazikika kwa magazi (kulekerera kwapakati).
Gulu lachitatu la zinthu zomwe limayang'ana mtsogolo limakhala losakhazikika komanso lodalira munthu. Izi makamaka zimakhala moyo wongokhala - zimathandizira kuwonda kwambiri komanso kusakonzekeretsa bwino kwakuthupi kwa anthu komanso momwe zimakhudzira thupi la kupsinjika kosasintha ndikusintha kwa malingaliro;
Gululi limaphatikizaponso zakumwa zoledzeretsa zilizonse zomwe zili ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa.
Zowonetsera zamankhwala amtsutsa matenda opatsirana
Atherosulinosis obliterans amatha kutengera mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Izi zimatha kukhala mitsempha ya coronary (coronary), aorta, chotupa cham'mimba, mesenteric (mesenteric) mitsempha, ziwongo, mafupa am'munsi miyendo. Zida zam'mtima ndi zotsika kwambiri zimakhudzidwa nthawi zambiri, komanso zimakhala ndi zizindikiro zotchulidwa kwambiri.
Mitsempha yama coronary ndiyo yoyamba kuvutika ndi cholesterol yowonjezereka m'thupi. Zikhotakhota zomwe zimawoneka mkati mwake zimakulira pang'onopang'ono, zikulowerera ndikuwonjezereka mu chimbudzi cha chotengera. Popita nthawi, odwala amadandaula kwambiri ndikamayaka mwadzidzidzi, kuwawa ndikumva kupweteka kumbuyo kwa sternum. Nthawi zambiri zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi magawo osiyanasiyana olimbitsa thupi, koma poyendetsa, amatha kuchitika ndikupumula. Izi zimatchedwa angina pectoris.
Angina pectoris ndiye chiwonetsero chochititsa chidwi kwambiri cha matenda a mtima (CHD). Amatchedwa ischemic, chifukwa chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ya coronary ndi atherosulinosis kapena chifukwa cha stenosis (kupendekera), minofu yamtima imadwala ischemia, ndiko kuti, chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mpweya. Chifukwa cha izi, mtima pawokha sungagwire ntchito mokwanira, ndipo izi zimapangitsa kulephera kwazungulira. Maphunziro oopsa a matenda a mtima apamtima amatha kubweretsa kulowetsedwa kwa mtima nthawi iliyonse.
Ndi atherosulinosis ya msempha, Zizindikiro zake zimatha kukhala zonenepa pang'ono. Odwala nthawi zambiri amadandaula za chizungulire, kuchepa kwa chikumbumtima, kupweteka pachifuwa.
Kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ya ubongo (ubongo) kumaonekera kwambiri mu okalamba komanso osakhalitsa. Mwinanso, ambiri adawona momwe anthu achikulire amatha kudziwa momwe mwana wawo ndi unyamata wawo adayendera, koma sangathe kukumbukira zomwe zidachitika dzulo ndi zomwe adadya m'mawa. Mawonetsedwe awa amatchedwa chizindikiro cha Ribot. Kuphatikiza apo, kusintha kwamomwe mumakhala, mantha, misozi, kukhudza mutu, komanso mutu. Vuto lowopsa kwambiri la matenda a chithokomiro cha ubongo ndi sitiroko.
Ma mesenteric, kapena mesenteric, mitsempha imakhudzidwa pafupipafupi. Amawonetsedwa ndi zovuta zingapo zam'mimba, kuyaka m'mimba, nthawi zina kusanza, komanso ngakhale matumbo. Komabe, mawonetseredwe oterewa amathanso kuonedwa ndi matenda ena angapo am'magazi, motero ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti azindikiritse matenda osiyanasiyana.
Atherosulinosis ya mitsempha ya impso imadzimva yokha. Kwa odwala, kupanikizika kumakula kwambiri, ndipo ndizosatheka kuti mutsike. Awa ndi otchedwa sekondale, kapena chisonyezo, impso. Komabe, amatha kudandaula za kupweteka kwakumbuyo kwamphamvu yosiyanasiyana.
Kuthana ndi atherosulinosis ya m'munsi yam'munsi kumachitika pafupipafupi, ndipo pathogenesis yake imakhala yovuta kwambiri. Tiyeni tikambirane zambiri mwatsatanetsatane.
Kuletsa atherosulinosis ya m'munsi malekezero
Matenda amtunduwu amadetsa nkhawa anthu ambiri. Odwala amadandaula za kupsinjika kwakapakati kwa phazi, kuchepa kwawo, kuphwanya kwamiyendo ("tsekwe zam'mapapo") zamiyendo, kutsekeka kwa khungu lam'munsi, kuchepa kwa tsitsi pamiyendo, kukula kwa misomali, komanso ngakhale zilonda zam'mimba zazitali komanso zilonda zam'mimba.
Zilonda za trophic ndi gangrene, monga zotulukapo za njirayi, zimawonedwa kwambiri mwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo. Poyamba, miyendo imasunthika, nthawi zina pamatha kukhala mtundu wamtambo. Kenako, pakapita nthawi, khungu limakhala lofiira, phazi limatupa, zilonda zam'mimba sizimachira, komanso kuwonongeka konse kwa mapazi, kaya ndi abrasions yaying'ono, chimanga, msomali wokhala ndi bala kapena chilonda chitha kubweretsa mofulumira.
Ndi gangrene, kudula gawo lina la miyendo ndikuwonetsedwa, kutengera kufalikira kwa necrosis. Monga mukudziwira, kudula mutu kumabweretsa mavuto. Ndi chifukwa cha zovuta zoyipa zomwe zimachitika kwa odwala matenda ashuga omwe madokotala amapereka malingaliro oyenera othandizira odwala phazi: ayenera kukhala otentha nthawi zonse, kupewa chilichonse, ngakhale kuwonongeka pang'ono pakhungu, komanso kuvala nsapato zosamasuka.
Chizindikiro chodziwika bwino cha kufalikira kwa ma atherosclerosis a m'munsi malekezero ndikulankhula kwina. Pankhaniyi, wodwalayo, akamayenda pamtunda wosiyanasiyana, amakakamizidwa kuima kwakanthawi, chifukwa amakhudzidwa ndikuwotcha m'miyendo, kuziziritsa, kugona, komanso kumva ngati "goosebumps." Chifukwa chake, chiwonetserochi chikuwonetsa magawo anayi a kusinthasintha kwa atherosulinosis:
- Woyamba - munthu amatha kuyenda mtunda wopitilira kilomita imodzi, ndipo amamva kuwawa kokha ndi kulimba thupi.
- Lachiwiri (a) - wodwalayo amatha kuyenda momasuka pokhapokha pa mtunda wamamita 250 mpaka kilomita imodzi.
- Yachiwiri (b) - kuyenda mwaulere ndikotheka pamtunda wa 50 mpaka 250 metres.
- Chachitatu - pakadali pano ischemia yovuta kwambiri, wodwalayo sangathe kuyenda mopitilira 50m. Ululu umatheka ngakhale pakupuma komanso usiku.
- Chachinayi - mawonekedwe a zilonda zam'mimba, ndipo pambuyo pake pang'onopang'ono.
Atherosulinosis ya m'munsi malekezero angachitike kwambiri, subacute komanso aakulu. The pachimake maphunziro amadziwika ndi msanga chitukuko cha trophic matenda osokoneza bongo, chifukwa odwala ayenera yomweyo kuchipatala ndi kuduladula. Pankhani ya subacute maphunziro a matendawa, atherosulinosis imayenderana mwachilengedwe, kutanthauza kuti, kutulutsa mphamvu kumachotsedwedwa ndi nthawi ya thanzi.
Munthawi yayitali, Zizindikiro zimawoneka pang'onopang'ono ndikukula pang'onopang'ono.
Njira zodziwira matendawa
Onaninso odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la arteriosulinosis obliterans ayenera kusamala makamaka. Poyamba, nthawi zonse amakhala ndi chidwi ndi madandaulo a odwala: kutopa msanga kwa miyendo poyenda, kusokonekera mwamphamvu, kutsekeka kwina, kuchepa kwa tsitsi, mawonekedwe a zilonda zam'mimba komanso kusintha kwa khungu lakumapeto. Komanso, kukoka kwa zotumphukira kwamitsempha kumatsimikizika nthawi zonse - kumimba kwa phazi, tibia, popliteal and femoral. Cheke chimachitika ndendende kuyambira pansi mpaka m'munsi, chifukwa miyendo ya m'munsi (m'munsi) imayamba kuvutika, ndipo poyamba kukoka kwa mitsempha ya distal kumafooketsa kapena kusowa. njirayi ndiyofunika kwa odwala matenda ashuga chifukwa chowopsa chokhala ndi matenda ashuga- komanso macroangiopathies.
Kukhazikitsidwa kofunikira kwa ma labotale ndi njira zofufuzira. Kuchokera njira zasayansi, odwala amatumizidwa ku mbiri ya lipid - kuwunika komwe kumawonetsa kuchuluka kwa mitundu yonse ya lipids m'magazi (cholesterol yonse, yotsika, yotsika kwambiri, yapakati komanso yapamwamba ya lipoproteins, triglycerides ndi chylomicrons).
Mwa njira zogwiritsira ntchito, kuyesedwa kwa ultrasound m'mitsempha yamagazi, angiography osiyanitsa ndi maginito a resonance mankhwala (MRI) ndi omwe amapatsidwa. Angiography yogwiritsa ntchito zosiyana zimapangitsa kudziwa momwe mitsempha imayendera, kuchuluka kwake, kupendekera kwa magazi ndi malo a cholesterol. MRI ndi njira yachikhalidwe yophunzirira kapangidwe ka mitsempha yamagazi ndi kupezeka kwa zotupa. Siziwapweteka kuyeza kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kufunsa uphungu wa dokotala wa opaleshoni yamitsempha, chifukwa ndizotheka kuti opaleshoni ikhale yofunikira (monga kununkha - kukhazikitsidwa kwa balloon yachitsulo komwe kumakulitsa kuunikira kwa chotengera ndiku "kuwononga" malo a cholesterol. njira zabwino kwambiri zopewera kubwereza kwa atherosulinosis).
Kuzindikiritsa kosiyanitsa kwa atherosulinosis ndi matenda monga matenda a Raynaud, kuwononga endarteritis ndi thromboangiitis, sciatic neuritis ndi matenda a Monkeberg ndikofunikira. Ndi sciatic nerve neuritis, kumverera kwa kupweteka, dzanzi ndi kumva kulumala kumawonedwa m'chigawo chakunja ndi gawo lakunja la mwendo wapansi, pomwe atherosclerosis zizindikirozi zimayamba kuwonekera kuchokera kumunsi kwamapazi. Matenda a Monkeberg amatengera kwa majini, ndipo munthawi imodzimodzi, ziwalo za mitsempha yonse yayikulu zimayatsidwa.
Pankhaniyi, palibe kuphwanya kwa lipid metabolism komwe kumawonedwa, monga momwe mulibe zofunikira pakukula kwa atherosulinosis.
Kuchiza ndi kupewa kufalikira kwa matenda a atherosclerosis
Kukhazikitsa njira zakuchiritsira ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa pochiza matendawa kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi adokotala.
Chithandizo cha atherosclerosis obliterans a m'munsi malekezero adzaphatikizanso magawo ambiri.
Njira zochizira - zimaphatikizira kugwiritsa ntchito magulu apadera amankhwala, monga ma statins, ma fibrate, sequenti ya anion ndi kukonzekera kwa nicotinic acid. Zoyipa zotsutsana ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwawo ndizovuta za chiwindi. Ma antispasmodics amagwiritsidwa ntchito omwe amatha kuthetsa kuphipha kwamitsempha yamagazi (Papaverine, No-shpa).
Chofunika ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa ma anticoagulants ndi ma antiplatelet othandizira - mankhwalawa amatithandizanso kupanga magazi.
Zakudya ndizimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri polimbana ndi cholesterol. Ndikofunikira kuchepetsa kapena ngakhale kupatula zakudya zopezeka ndi cholesterol yayikulu pachakudya, idyani mafuta ochepa, okazinga, osuta komanso amchere.
M'malo mwake, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tithandizire kumwa zamasamba atsopano ndi zipatso, zipatso, zitsamba, kabichi, kaloti, mtedza, mafuta a masamba, nyemba, mitundu ya nyama ndi nsomba, komanso nsomba zam'nyanja. Muyeneranso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zotsekemera, tiyi wakuda ndi khofi.
Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndizovomerezeka - makamaka masewera olimbitsa thupi (masewera olimbitsa thupi), kuyenda tsiku lililonse kwa theka la ola, chifukwa zonsezi zimathandiza kulimbikitsa magazi mu miyendo ndikuchotsa mapaundi owonjezera.
M'zaka zaposachedwa, ndemanga zowonjezereka zokhudzana ndi chithandizo cha homeopathy komanso biologically yogwira zina (BAA).
Pofunsidwa ndi odwala, ndizotheka kuchitira mankhwala azitsamba, mwachitsanzo, infusions ndi mankhwala azitsamba, omwe amatha kukonzekera mosavuta kunyumba;
Woopsa, njira zapamwamba zochizira (stenting, shunting) zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kupewa kuthana ndi matenda a atherosulinosis ndi njira yosavuta kwambiri. Mukungofunika kusiya zizolowezi zoyipa, kudya moyenera, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi, kuwunika kuchuluka kwa mafuta ndi cholesterol, komanso kuthana ndi mavuto ena onse azaumoyo omwe angayambitse matenda a atherosulinosis.
Katswiri mu kanema munkhaniyi akamba za kuthana ndi vuto la atherosulinosis.
