KODI WODWALA MATENDA ASHUGA AYENERA KUDZIWA CHIYANI ZA MAPULOTENI? MAPULOTENI NDI NTCHITO ZAWO

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"Moyo ndi mtundu wa kukhalapo kwa matupi a protein" Friedrich Engels

Mwachilengedwe, pali 80 amino acid, 22 ndiofunikira kwambiri kwa anthu. 8 mwaiwo imawerengedwa kuti ndiyofunika, sangasinthidwe kuchokera kwa ena ndikubwera ndi chakudya.

Ndi molekyulu yayikuluyi, yopanga zinthu zaumwini - ma amino acid, omwe amapanga mawonekedwe oyambira a thupi lathu, yomwe imagwira ntchito zambiri zamalamulo ake ndikukonzanso.

Sitingathe kupanga ma amino acid pawokha, okwera ndikutembenuza ena mwa iwo. Chifukwa chake, chakudya chizitipatsa ife.

Mapuloteni - ndi chiyani? Ntchito yama protein.

Amapanga thupi motero. Gawo lake m'thupi ndi 20% mwakulemera. Minofu, khungu (collagen ndi elastin), mafupa ndi cartilage, ziwiya ndi makhoma a ziwalo zamkati zimapangidwa ndi mapuloteni. Pa ma cellular - amatenga nawo mbali pakapangidwe kamatumbo.
Kuongolera njira zonse zamitundu mitundu. Enzymes: kugaya chakudya komanso kuchita nawo masinthidwe azinthu ndi ziwalo. Mahomoni omwe amawongolera magwiridwe antchito, kagayidwe, kakulidwe ka kugonana ndi chikhalidwe. Hemoglobin, popanda yomwe kusinthana kwa gasi ndi zakudya m'thupi lililonse sikutheka.
Chitetezo: chitetezo chokwanira - mapuloteni onse ndi antibodies, immunoglobulins. Kutaya zinthu zapoizoni ndi michere ya chiwindi.
Kutha magazi ndi kuwonongeka kumatengera mapuloteni a fibrinogen, thromboplastin, prothrombin.
Ngakhale kutentha kwathupi lathu mulingo woyenera kupezeka kwa mapuloteni - pamtunda wopitilira madigiri 40, amayamba kupindika, moyo umakhala wosatheka.
Kusunga ulemu wathu - kapangidwe kazakudya zomanga thupi zimatengera mtundu wa chibadwa, sizisintha ndi zaka. Zili ndi mawonekedwe awo kuti zovuta zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuthiridwa magazi, kufalikira kwa ziwalo.

Matenda a shuga - ndipo mapuloteni ali kuti?

Ndi matenda ashuga, mitundu yonse ya kagayidwe imasokonekera: chakudya, mapuloteni, mafuta.

Aliyense amadziwa insulini ngati fungulo lomwe limatsegulira membrane wa cell wa glucose. M'malo mwake, izi sizingokhala ndi katundu wake. Itha kufotokozedwa ngati kuphatikiza ndi mahomoni amasaina. Kuchuluka kwa insulini m'thupi kumabweretsa chiwonjezereka cha anabolism - zomanga, mosiyana ndi catabolism - chiwonongeko.

Ndikusowa kwa mahomoni awa:

mapuloteni amthupi amawonongeka ndikupanga shuga - gluconeogeneis
yafupika kaphatikizidwe ka mapuloteni kuchokera ku ma amino acid omwe akubwera
kutembenuka kwa ma amino acid ena kwa ena m'chiwindi kumachepa
kuchuluka kwamisempha kumachepa pang'onopang'ono. Ichi ndichifukwa chake amatchedwa kuchepa thupi kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2 nthawi zambiri kumawonetsa kufunikira kwa jakisoni wa insulini - maselo awo a pancreatic atatha kale ndipo owonjezera ayikidwa m'malo mwa kusowa kwa magazi.

Kumwa Mapuloteni

Mu shuga, odwala nthawi zambiri amawopa kudya zakudya zama protein, chifukwa amadera nkhawa impso zawo. M'malo mwake, kuwonongeka kwa minyewa ya impso kumachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwa glucose m'magazi kapena kulumikizidwa kwake pafupipafupi komanso kowongoka. Thupi silikhala ndi mapuloteni ena osungika, monga mafuta onunkhira a mafuta kapena chiwindi cha mafuta a glycogen, motero ayenera kukhala patebulo tsiku lililonse.

Pazakudya za odwala, mapuloteni amapezeka kwambiri kuposa anthu ena: 15-20% ya mphamvu ya tsiku ndi tsiku yomwe ikufanana ndi 10-15%. Ngati timafanana ndi kulemera kwa thupi, ndiye kuti pa kilogalamu iliyonse yomwe munthu ayenera kulandira kuchokera ku 1 mpaka 1.2 magalamu a mapuloteni.
Ndi kuchepa kwa mkodzo kapena kuchepa kwa mayankho chifukwa cha kusokonezeka m'matumbo, kuchuluka kwake kumakulitsidwa mpaka 1.5-2 g / kg. Zomwezo ziyenera kukhala m'zakudya panthawi yomwe muli ndi pakati komanso podyetsa, komanso ndikukula kwakukulu: muubwana ndi unyamata.
Pakulephera kwa aimpso, kumwa kumachepetsedwa mpaka 0,7-0.8 g / kg. Ngati wodwala atembenukira ku hemodialysis, kufunika kwa mapuloteni kumawonjezereka.

Nyama kapena soya?

Mapuloteni amapezeka onse muzakudya zomwe zinachokera ku nyama, komanso masamba. Kuti muwonetsetse zonse zofunikira m'zakudya muyenera kuphatikiza yoyamba ndi yachiwiri, makamaka ndi kuchuluka kwa nyama.

Mapuloteni azomera amatengedwa ngati osakwanira chifukwa chosowa zina zofunika za amino acid ndi mayamwa awo osakwanira m'matumbo - 60% ya zomwe zilipo. Mwa oimira maluwa, mapuloteni ambiri mu nyemba: soya, nyemba, nandolo, ambiri mwa mtedza. Maphala ena ali ndi zambiri mu izo - oats, buckwheat, tirigu. Koma ndikaphatikizidwa pazakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku, ndikofunikira kulingalira kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe chimapezeka mwa iwo.

Zanyama muli mapuloteni 20%, okhala ndi mitundu yonse yofunikira ya amino acid, ndipo 90% yaiwo amamwa. Mapuloteni abwino kwambiri ndi mkaka ndi nsomba, kuchokera ku nkhuku ndi nyama ya kalulu. Ng'ombe, nkhumba ndi mwanawankhosa zimakhala ndi mafuta onunkhira, choncho amazikumba moyipa.

Momwe mungawerengere kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni ofunikira patsiku?

Kuti muwerenge kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni ofunikira patsiku, ndikokwanira kudziwa kulemera kwanu.

Mwachitsanzo, pafupifupi 70 kg munthu amafunika magalamu 70 a mapuloteni.

Zinthu zopangidwa ndi nyama zimakhala ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu a iwo. Chifukwa chake, 70 times 5, timalandira 350 g patsiku.
20 magalamu a zakudya zamasamba zimakhala ndi magalamu 80 a lens, 90 magalamu a soya, magalamu 100 a mtedza, magalamu 190 a oatmeal
Pazakudya zamafuta ochepa, mapuloteniwo amakhala apamwamba, koma kugawana ndi mafuta kumapangitsa kuyamwa kwawo.

Mukamakonzekera zakudya, muyenera kudziwa malamulo osinthira mitundu:
100 g nyama = 120 g nsomba = 130 g kanyumba tchizi = 70 g tchizi (70-mafuta) = 3 mazira

Zakudya zamapuloteni za anthu odwala matenda ashuga - sankhani zabwino koposa

Cottage tchizi ndi tchizi, batala Ayenera kukhala wodwala tsiku ndi tsiku, zakudya zina mkaka - pokhapokha ngati dokotala walola
1.5 mazira patsiku: 2 protein ndi 1 yolk
Nsomba: Chosinthidwa chotsimikizika cha zamafuta ndi mafuta ochepa
Nyama yopangidwa ndi nyumba mbalame ndi masewera
Mtedza - ma almond, ma hazelnuts, ma cashews, walnuts
Soya ndi zinthu kuchokera pamenepo - mkaka, tofu. Msuzi wa soya si njira yabwino kwambiri yopangira mapuloteni.
Ziphuphu: nandolo, nyemba, mtedza ndi ena. Nandolo zobiriwira komanso nyemba zobiriwira nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi CHIKWANGWANI, chomwe chimapangitsa kuti chimbudzi chikhale bwino.
Onetsetsani kuti muphatikizanso odwala matenda ashuga pamenyu sipinachi ndi zonse mitundu ya kabichi: utoto, Brussels, kohlrabi, mutu. Zomwe mapuloteni mkati mwawo ali mpaka 5%.

Protein balance yakwiya - chikuwopseza chiyani?

Kudya kosakwanira kwa amino acid ndi chakudya:

Kutopa, kufooka kwa minofu kumayamba.
Khungu lowuma, misomali ya brittle, kuchepa kwa tsitsi
Kuchepetsa kwa hemoglobin
Kusokonezeka Maganizo
Kupanga kwa mahomoni kumachepa, kusintha kwa kagayidwe kamakulitsidwa kwambiri

Zakudya Zaprotein Zambiri:

Kusungidwa kwa mapuloteni m'matumbo kumayambitsa kuzola ndi kutulutsa. Zoopsa mu chiwindi sizitenga mbali iliyonse, motero kuvutika ndi matenda ashuga.
Kuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni kumaphatikizidwa ndikupanga matupi a ketone, mawonekedwe a acetone mu mkodzo, kuphwanya kwa acid-base balance, kusintha kwake kupita kumbali ya asidi
Kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa uric acid ndi mchere wake (urates) m'magazi ndipo zimakhala zimatha kubweretsa gout, miyala ya impso
Ndi shuga osakwanira komanso kudya mapuloteni ambiri, kulephera kwa impso kumathamanga

Mapuloteni a anthu odwala matenda ashuga ndi gawo lofunikira la zakudya.

Chachikulu ndikuwaphatikiza molondola ndi fiber, masamba, zakudya zovuta. Kupuma kwakanthawi pakati pa chakudya sikuvomerezeka, koma chakudya chambiri sichikupatsani mwayi kuti shuga igonjetse magazi. Kwa ambiri, muyeso wokhazikika wa shuga ndi glucometer payekha umakhala yankho - chisangalalo pakuwona manambala abwinowo pachidacho amakhala othandizira okwanira.

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