Simgal ndi mankhwala omwe ali m'gulu la lipid-kutsitsa, ndiye kuti, kutsitsa cholesterol. Imapezeka mu mawonekedwe a mapiritsi ozungulira a pinkish, onenepa mbali zonse ziwiri, komanso nembanemba wama film. Chofunikira chachikulu cha Simgal ndi simvastatin, pomwe titha kumvetsetsa kuti mankhwalawo ndi a gulu la mankhwala omwe amatchedwa statins. Mlingo wa mankhwalawa ndiwosiyana - 10, 20 ndi 40 mamililita.
Kuphatikiza pa simvastatin, Simgal ilinso ndi zinthu zina monga ascorbic acid (vitamini C), butyl hydroxyanisole, pregelatinized starch, citric acid monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose ndi lactose monohydrate.
Chipolopolocho chimakhala ndi pinki opadra, chomwe, chimakhala ndi mowa wa polyvinyl, titanium dioxide, talc, lecithin, red oxide, oxide wachikasu ndi indigo carmine based aluminium varnish.
Zoyambira za pharmacodynamics Simgala
Pharmacodynamics ndi momwe mankhwalawo amakhudzira thupi la munthu. Simgal, mwa chilengedwe chake, ndi anticholesterolemic - imatsitsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol "yoyipa", yomwe imayikidwa mwachindunji pamakoma amitsempha ndikupanga cholesterol plaques. Monga mukudziwa, atherosulinosis imayamba kupanga unyamata, motero ndikofunikira kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa cholesterol panthawiyi.
Simgal ndi cholepheretsa enzyme yotchedwa HMG-CoA reductase. Ikafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane, imalepheretsa ntchito ya enzyme momwe ndingathere. HMG-CoA reductase imayang'anira kusintha kwa HMG-CoA (hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A) kukhala mevalonate (mevalonic acid). Izi ndi njira yoyamba komanso yofunika kwambiri popanga kolesterol. M'malo mwake, HMG-CoA imasinthidwa kukhala acetyl-CoA (acetyl coenzyme A), yomwe imalowa mu zina, njira zosafunikira kwenikweni m'thupi lathu.
Simgal imapezeka mochita kugwiritsa ntchito bowa wapadera wa Aspergillus (m'Chilatini, dzina lenileni ndi Aspergillusterreus). Aspergillus imapaka mphamvu yapadera yamasamba, chifukwa chake zinthu zomwe zimapangidwa zimapangidwa. Izi zimachokera ku izi zomwe mankhwala amapangidwa kuti apangidwe.
Amadziwika kuti m'thupi la munthu mumapezeka mitundu ingapo ya lipids (mafuta). Ichi ndi cholesterol chokhudzana ndi lipoprotein wotsika kwambiri, wotsika kwambiri komanso wapamwamba, triglycerides ndi chylomicrons. Choopsa kwambiri ndi cholesterol yomwe imakhudzana ndi lipoproteins yotsika, imatchedwa "yoyipa", pomwe imagwirizanitsidwa ndi lipoproteins yapamwamba kwambiri, m'malo mwake, imawerengedwa kuti "yabwino". Simgal imathandizira kuchepa kwa magazi triglycerides, komanso cholesterol yomwe imakhudzana ndi lipoprotein otsika kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, kumawonjezera ndende ya cholesterol yokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa milomo ya lipoprotein.
Zotsatira zoyambirira zimadziwika pakatha milungu iwiri kuyambira Simgal itayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito, mphamvu zambiri zimawonedwa patatha mwezi umodzi.
Kuti mukhale ndi zotsatira zopindulitsa, mankhwalawa amayenera kumwedwa mosalekeza, chifukwa ngati mankhwalawo atathetsedwa, magazi a cholesterol amabwerera manambala oyamba.
Maziko a Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetics ndizosintha zomwe zimachitika mthupi ndimankhwala. Simgal imayamwa kwambiri m'matumbo aang'ono.
Kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa kumawonedwa pambuyo pa ola limodzi ndi theka pambuyo pakugwiritsa ntchito, komabe, pambuyo pa maola 12 kuchokera ku ndende yoyamba, 10% yokha ndiyotsalira.
Kwambiri, mankhwalawa amakumana ndi mapuloteni a plasma (pafupifupi 95%). Kusintha kwakukulu Simgal ikuchitika m'chiwindi. Pamenepo, imadutsa hydrolysis (yokhala ndi ma molekyulu amadzi), zomwe zimapangitsa kupangika kwa beta-hydroxymetabolites, ndi ena mwa mitundu ina yopanda mawonekedwe. Ndi metabolites yogwira yomwe ili ndi zotsatira zazikulu za Simgal.
Hafu ya moyo wa mankhwala (nthawi yomwe kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa m'magazi amachepetsa ndendende kawiri) ndi pafupifupi maola awiri.
Kutha kwake (i.e. kuchotsedwa) kumachitika ndi ndowe, ndipo gawo laling'ono limachotsedwa ndi impso mu mawonekedwe osagwira.
Zizindikiro ndi contraindication kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa
Simgal iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati dokotala wakupatsani.
Mukugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, malingaliro ndi malangizo a dokotala kuti mugwiritse ntchito ayenera kuwonedwa mosamala.
Nthawi zambiri amalembedwa molingana ndi mayeso a labotale, pochitika kuti cholesterol imaposa yodziwika (2.8 - 5.2 mmol / l).
Simgal ikuwonetsedwa mu milandu yotsatirayi:
- Pankhani ya hypercholesterolemia yoyamba ya mtundu wachiwiri, ngati chakudya chokhala ndi cholesterol yaying'ono pamodzi ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse ndikuchepetsa thupi sizinathandize, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa odwala omwe amatha kupezeka ndi atherosulinosis ya mitsempha ya coronary.
- Ndi hypercholesterolemia yosakanikirana ndi hypertriglyceridemia, yomwe singagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiritsa ndi zakudya komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi.
Mu matenda a mtima (CHD), mankhwalawa adapangidwa kuti aletse kukula kwa myocardial infarction (necrosis ya minofu yamtima); kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kufa mwadzidzidzi; Kuchepetsa kufalikira kwa njira ya atherosulinosis; kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha zovuta nthawi yayikulu pakusinthanso kwa magazi (kuyambiranso kuyenda kwazomwezi m'mitsempha);
Mu matenda a cerebrovascular, mankhwala amathandizidwa kuti apatsidwe stroko kapena kufupika kwa vuto la kufalikira kwa ziwalo zam'mimba.
Zoyipa:
- Biliary pancreatitis ndi zina chiwindi matenda mu pachimake siteji.
- Zowonjezera zazikuluzikulu za kuyesa kwa chiwindi popanda chifukwa chomveka.
- Nthawi ya pakati ndi kuyamwa.
- Ochepa.
- Mbiri yokhudza thupi lawo siligastatin kapena mankhwala ena ake, kapena mankhwala ena a cellacological group of statins (ziwengo zamkati, kuchepa kwa lactase, tsankho kwa HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors).
Mosamala kwambiri, Simgal iyenera kuyikidwa mu milandu yotere:
- mowa kwambiri;
- odwala omwe atulutsidwa kumene ziwalo, chifukwa chomwe amakakamizidwa kutenga ma immunosuppressants kwa nthawi yayitali;
- kutsitsa magazi pafupipafupi (hypotension);
- matenda oopsa, makamaka ovuta;
- kagayidwe kachakudya kagayidwe kazakudya ndi michere;
- kusakhazikika kwa madzi ndi electrolyte bwino;
- ntchito zazikulu zaposachedwa kapena kuvulala koopsa;
- myasthenia gravis - kufooka kwa minofu;
Muyenera kusamala makamaka popereka mankhwala kwa odwala omwe ali ndi khunyu.
Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kuyenera kuyamba pang'onopang'ono potsatira malangizo ake (khumbo). Asanagwiritse ntchito, ndikofunikira kupereka zakudya zokhazikitsidwa payekha kwa wodwala, zomwe zingathandize kuchepetsa "cholesterol" yoyipa kwambiri mwachangu kwambiri. Zakudya izi zimayenera kutsatiridwa munthawi yonse ya mankhwala.
Mitundu yodziwika yotenga Simgal ndi kamodzi patsiku pogona, chifukwa ndi usiku kuti mafuta ambiri a cholesterol amapangidwa, ndipo mankhwalawa panthawiyi amakhala othandiza kwambiri. Ndi bwino kuudya musanadye kapena mutamaliza kudya, koma osagwiritsa ntchito nthawiyo, chifukwa izi zimalepheretsa kagayidwe ka mankhwala.
Mankhwala omwe amathandizira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa hypercholesterolemia, Sigmal ikulimbikitsidwa kuti imwedwa pa mlingo wa 10 mg mpaka 80 mg kamodzi madzulo madzulo asanagone. Yambani mwachilengedwe ndi 10 mg. Mulingo wovomerezeka tsiku lililonse ndi 80 mg. Ndikofunika kusintha pamankhwala oyambira milungu inayi kuyambira chiyambi cha chithandizo. Ambiri mwa odwala ayenera kumwa mpaka 20 mg.
Ndi matenda ngati homozygous cholowa hypercholesterolemia, ndizomveka kwambiri kupereka mankhwala pa 40 mg tsiku patsiku kapena 80 mg ogaŵikana katatu - 20 mg m'mawa ndi masana, ndi 40 mg usiku.
Kwa odwala omwe akudwala matenda a mtima kapena omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chotenga matendawa, mlingo wa 20 mpaka 40 mg patsiku umakhala wabwino kwambiri.
Ngati odwala alandila nthawi yomweyo Verapamil kapena Amiodarone (mankhwalawa a kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi arrhythmias), ndiye kuti muyezo wa Simgal tsiku lililonse sayenera kupitilira 20 mg.
Zotsatira zoyipa za Simgal
Kugwiritsa ntchito Simgal kumatha kupangitsa kuti muziwoneka kuti muli ndi zovuta zingapo mthupi.
Zotsatira zoyipa zilizonse chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa zimafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane ndi malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala.
Zotsatira zotsatirazi zamankhwala zomwe zimapezeka m'magulu osiyanasiyana zimadziwika:
- Matumbo a pakhungu: kupweteka pamimba, kumva kupweteka mseru, kusanza, kuchepa kwa magazi kapamba ndi chiwindi, kupangika kwambiri kwa mpweya, kuchuluka kwa mayesero a chiwindi, creatine phosphokinase ndi phosphatase;
- Kati ndi zotumphukira mantha dongosolo: asthenia, mutu, kugona tulo, chizungulire, tactile sensitivity sensitivity, mitsempha ya m'mitsempha, kuchepa kwa masomphenya, kukoma kopotoza;
- Musculoskeletal system: pathologies a minofu system, kukokana, kupweteka kwa minofu, kumva kufooka, kusungunuka kwa minofu ulusi (rhabdomyolysis);
- Kwamikodzo dongosolo: pachimake aimpso kulephera;
- Mitsempha yamagazi: kuchepa kwa maselo a magazi, maselo ofiira a m'magazi ndi hemoglobin;
- Mawonetseredwe A ziwonetsero: kutentha thupi, kuchuluka kwa maselo ofiira am'magazi, ma eosinophils, urticaria, redness la pakhungu, kutupa, kusokonezeka kwa mitsempha;
- Khungu zimakhudza: hypersensitivity kuwala, zotupa pakhungu, kuyabwa, khola lozungulira, dermatomyositis;
- Ena: kupumira mwachangu ndi kugunda kwa mtima, kunachepetsa libido.
Mankhwala angagulidwe ku mankhwala aliwonse popanda mankhwala a dokotala. Mtengo wotsika kwambiri kuchokera kwa opanga zapakhomo siopitilira ma ruble 200. Mutha kuyitanitsanso mankhwalawa pa intaneti ndikupereka ku pharmacy yomwe mukufuna kapena kunyumba. Pali ma analoge angapo (oloweza) a Simgal: Lovastatin, Rosuvastatin, Torvakard, Akorta. Ndemanga za Odwala zokhudza Simgal ndizabwino.
Akatswiri amalankhula za ma statins mu kanema munkhaniyi.
