MATENDA A MATENDA A SHUGA - MAVUTO NDI MATENDA

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Matendawa ndi amodzi mwa matenda oyamba omwe amapangitsa matenda ashuga.

Kusintha kwachilengedwe kumachitika m'mitsempha yamagazi chifukwa cha kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka magazi. Zombo zimayamba kukhala brittle, sclerotic, ndi diabetesic atherosulinosis.

Kodi njira zamatendawa ndi ziti? Kodi mungatani kuti muchepetse kapena muchepetse mawonetsedwe a atherosulinosis mu shuga?

Kodi atherosulinosis imapangidwa bwanji?

Atherosclerosis ndimatenda amitsempha yamagazi, makamaka mitsempha, yomwe imadziwika ndi mawonekedwe a cholesterol plaques (zophuka) pamakoma.

Kodi cholesterol ndi chiyani ndipo chifukwa chiyani maphunziro ake ndioyipa?

Zolemba za cholesterol: ndi chiyani?

Poyamba, zolembedwa zokhala ngati sclerotic zimapangidwa kuchokera ku mafuta omatira, omwe amafanana ndi semolina osasinthika. Pambuyo pake, madongosolo amafuta amakutidwa ndi minofu yolumikizidwa.

Kuchulukana kwachilendo kwa minofu yolumikizana ndi mankhwala kumatchedwa "sclerosis." Chifukwa chake, matendawa amatchedwa mtima wamatumbo.

Mikhalidwe iwiri ndiyofunikira kuti pakhale ma sclerotic amana:

Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'mwazi.
Kukhalapo kwa kusakhazikika kapena kuvulala kwamkati, kutupa kwa mkati mwa chotengera. Izi sizimangoyambitsa mapangidwe a zomatira, komanso zimapangitsa kuti zomwe zikukula zikule. Chowonadi ndi chakuti minofu yolumikizira yamitsempha yamagazi (endothelium) yathanzi imalepheretsa kulowa mwamphamvu kwa cholesterol yamkwiyo. Kuwonongeka kwa endothelium ndikotheka pazifukwa zingapo. Mwachitsanzo, pakuthamanga kwambiri (pamtunda wa 140/90 mm Hg) zombo zimalandira microtraumas ndikupanga ma network a ma microcracks mkati wamkati. Mu zinthu zazing'ono izi, cholesterol yomwe imakhazikika imachedwa. Pakapita nthawi, kuyikiraku kumakula ndikuzama, calcines, kumakhala kolimba. M'malo mwakukula kwamafuta, kusinthika kwa zotengera kumasintha. Khoma la chotengera limapundikanso, limakhala lolimba, limataya mphamvu komanso amatha kuloza. Kukula kwa chindapusa kumatenga zaka zingapo ndipo nthawi yoyambayo sikubweretsa vuto.

Kupanga kwamimba ndi zolemba: bwanji izi sizabwino?

Choyambirira, cholesterol imayika kufupikitsa minyewa yam'mimba ndikusokoneza kayendedwe ka magazi. Kuperewera kwa magazi kumapangitsa kuti pakhale mpweya wanjala wa ziwalo zosiyanasiyana komanso kuperewera kwa poyizoni kwa maselo. Izi zimakhudza kuchepa kwa chitetezo chokwanira mthupi, mphamvu, kutopa, kuchiritsa kwamabala. Pambuyo pakukula kwa zaka zingapo, chindapusa chimalepheretsa chotengera, chimalepheretsa magazi ndi kuyambitsa minofu necrosis.
Kachiwiri, zolemba zina nthawi zina zimatuluka ndipo, limodzi ndi mtsinje wamagazi, zimayamba kuyenda mthupi. Komwe kuwala kwa chotengera sikokwanira, kumatulutsa kwadzidzidzi kumachitika. Magazi amasiya kuyendera minofu ndi ziwalo, necrosis yawo imalowa (necrosis). Umu ndi momwe matenda amtima amapangidwira (ngati magazi adayamba m'mitsempha yamagazi), matenda osokoneza bongo a shuga (ngati zotupa za miyendo zidatsekedwa).

Atherosclerosis imadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwazifo za m'zaka za zana lino.

Kusintha kwa sclerotic mu zombo kumapezeka ndi anthu ambiri padziko lapansi. Komabe, odwala matenda ashuga, amakula mwachangu kwambiri ndipo amayambitsa maphwando zotsatirazi:

matenda a mtima
magazi okwinya miyendo,
njira zotupa zosiyanasiyana.

Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani shuga imathandizira kupangidwa kwa cholesterol m'makoma amitsempha yamagazi?

Zambiri za atherosulinosis mu diabetes

Kodi cholesterol yapamwamba komanso yotsika kwambiri ndi chiyani?

Cholesterol m'thupi laumunthu ndichinthu chofunikira pomanga. Amakhala ndi ma membrane am'm cell ndi ulusi wamitsempha. Kuphatikiza apo, cholesterol lipids

kutenga nawo mbali popanga mahomoni ndi bile,
polumikiza corticosteroids,
thandizirani kuyamwa kwa vitamini D.

Mafuta omwe amalowa mthupi amathandizidwa ndi chiwindi ndipo amatengedwa kudzera m'magazi ndi ma lipoprotein okwera. Njirayi imapereka ntchito zolembedwa zomanga ma membala ndi mavitamini ofunikira.

Ngati mafuta ochulukirapo alowa m'thupi la munthu, alibe nthawi yokhala ndi oxid ndi kulowa m'magazi pamodzi ndi lipoproteins yotsika. Ndi mtundu uwu wamafuta womwe umayikidwa pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi ndi mafupa.

Kodi insulin ndi glucose zimagwira ntchito yanji mu metabolism yamafuta?

Glucose omwe amalowa m'magazi ndi ofunikira ndi maselo a ziwalo zosiyanasiyana kuti athandizidwe.

Glucose owonjezera amasungidwa mu chiwindi monga glycogen. Pamene kuchuluka kwa shuga m'chiwindi kumafika pa 6% ya kuchuluka kwake, mapangidwe a glycogen amayima. Mashuga ochulukirapo amakonzedwa kukhala mafuta acids ndikuwanyamula ndi mtsinje wamagazi kupita kumalo osungira (Umu ndi momwe ma deposits amafuta amapangira).

Mafuta nawonso ndi mtundu wa nkhokwe yosungira mphamvu, ndiye kuti zochuluka zimasungidwa mu minofu ya adipose.

Insulin imathandizira kaphatikizidwe ka mafuta, kusintha kwawo kukhala mawonekedwe am'mimba (high density lipoproteins).

Chifukwa chake, kusowa kwa insulin kumangowonjezera shuga m'magazi, komanso kumapangitsa kuyamwa kwa mafuta. Mu thupi laumunthu, mafuta omwe amaphatikiza makupidwe amtundu mu chiwindi amalowetsedwa ndikusungidwa, amatchedwa mkulu osachulukitsa lipoprotein.

Ndikusowa kwa insulin, mafuta ochepa osalimba (lipoproteins) amalowa m'magazi, omwe amapanga cholesterol pama khoma amitsempha yamagazi. Ndi chifukwa chake ndi matenda ashuga, atherosulinosis imayamba kudumphadumpha ndi malire ndipo imapanga matenda osiyanasiyana a mtima.

Asymptomatic shuga ischemia

Chizindikiro cha atherosulinosis mu matenda ashuga ndi pafupipafupi njira ya asymptomatic ya zovuta.

Mwachitsanzo, matenda a mtima (coronary mtima matenda) ndi zovuta za atherosulinosis, momwe ziwongo zomwe zimasokonekera zimalephera kukulitsa ndi kupitilira magazi ochulukitsa kupita ku minofu yamtima pakulimbitsa thupi. Minofu yamtima (myocardium) imakumana ndi njala ya oxygen. Ndi kuphunzira kwa nthawi yayitali kwa matenda a shuga komanso kuchepa kwa mpweya m'thupi, malo a necrosis amapangidwa mu minofu yopanda mphamvu.

Chifukwa chake, odwala matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi nthenda yamtima yopanda zizindikiro zilizonse zopweteka, mpaka mtima wosapweteka.

Njira zochizira komanso kupewa matenda a atherosulinosis

Kuchiza ndi kupewa zovuta za atherosulinosis mu matenda ashuga zizikhala zikuchitika. Kodi adotolo amakupatsani mankhwala ati?

Kutsitsa cholesterol (fibrate, statins).
Kulimbikitsa kambiri: mavitamini.
Anti-kutupa (ngati akuwonetsa).

Kupewa kwa atherosulinosis kumachepetsa kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi ndipo kumatengera njira zotsatirazi:

Zakudya zochepa za carb.
Magazi amawongolera.
Pressure control (kuti musalole kuwonjezeka kwake kupitilira pa 130/80 mm RT. Art.).
Mphamvu ya cholesterol yamagazi (osapitirira 5 mol / l).
Masewera olimbitsa thupi.
Kupenda tsiku ndi tsiku miyendo ndi khungu.

Ndikofunikira kuti odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga adziwe zovuta zomwe zingayambitse matenda awo. Kusinthanitsa mawonekedwe awo ndikuwonjezera nthawi ya moyo wake wonse.

Osateteza thanzi lanu mpaka pambuyo pake! Kusankha kwaulere ndi kuonana ndi dokotala:

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