Maantibayotiki ndi mankhwala othandizira matenda oyambitsidwa ndi bakiteriya. Madokotala othandizira komanso odwala matenda opatsirana salinso opanda iwo. Bacteria ayamba kugonjetsedwa ndi antibayotiki. Mankhwala ofala kwambiri ndi penicillin ndi cephalosporins, ndipo mabakiteriya amatulutsa ma beta-lactamase kuti athane nawo (penicillins ndi cephalosporins amatchedwanso ma beta-lactam mankhwala). Zikatero, othandizira ena amagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana ndi matendawa, monga clavulanic acid.
Dzinalo Losayenerana
Mu Latin, dzina lantchito yolembedwa limalembedwa ngati acidum clavulanicum.
Maantibayotiki atalephera, amagwiritsa ntchito njira zina zolimbana ndi matendawa, monga clavulanic acid.
Ath
J01C R02.
Kutulutsa mafomu ndi kapangidwe kake
Mapiritsi
Mu mawonekedwe a piritsi, clavulanate amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi ndi amoxicillin. Fomu yokhala ndi mankhwalawa imaperekedwa kwa achikulire mosavuta, popeza kudzipereka kwa wodwala kumakhala kokwanira, kumakhala kosavuta komanso kosavuta kumwa mankhwalawo. Mlingo - 125 mg wa clavulanate osakaniza ndi antiotic.
Mu mawonekedwe a piritsi, clavulanate amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi ndi amoxicillin.
Madontho
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwa ana osakwana chaka chimodzi, popeza mawonekedwewa amatha kuperekedwa kwa mwana popanda kuwopa kuti adzatsamwitsidwa.
Ufa
Amapezeka m'matumba, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonzekera kuyimitsidwa.
Manyuchi
Fomu ya mankhwalawa imagwiritsidwa ntchito makanda ndi ana osakwana chaka chimodzi.
Kuyimitsidwa
Fomu ya mankhwalawa imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ana aang'ono. Kuyimitsidwa kumapezeka m'mbale ndipo ndizokonzeka kugwiritsa ntchito.
Kukonzekera kwa mankhwalawa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito makanda ndi ana mpaka chaka chimodzi.
Njira yamachitidwe
Clavulanate imakhala ndi vuto lofuna kuthana ndi tizilombo tambiri. Ntchito yake yolimbana ndi mabakiteriya osagwirizana ndi mankhwala a beta-lactam maantibayotiki imawonetsedwa bwino (nthawi zambiri imakhala staphylococci, kangapo kangapo - streptococci). Kuphatikiza pa antimicrobial, mankhwalawa amathandizira ma lactamases a bakiteriya, kuwaletsa kukana maantibayotiki osatetezedwa. Chifukwa cha malowa, clavulanate amagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi kuphatikiza ndi antibayotiki wina, womwe umayambitsa zochitika zonse ziwiri.
Pharmacokinetics
The yogwira thunthu zimatengedwa mwachangu kuchokera m'mimba thirakiti. Pazitali kwambiri pazogwira ntchito m'magazi zimachitika mkati mwa ola limodzi pambuyo pa makonzedwe. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito sizikumanga kumapuloteni amwazi, omwe atsalira mu plasma osasinthika. Mankhwala amachotsedwa makamaka ndi impso.
Zizindikiro zogwiritsidwa ntchito
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda oyambitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya monga:
- Bacteria matenda a mphuno.
- Pachimake purulent kutupa kwa pakati khutu.
- Follicular ndi lacunar tonsillitis, yomwe imayendera limodzi ndi kutulutsidwa kwa mafinya ku ma tonne.
- Pachimake komanso matenda purononis.
- Pachimake ndi matenda a m'mapapo.
- Chibayo cha kuthekera kosiyanasiyana, nthumwi ya pneumococci, staphylococci, streptococci.
- Pachimake ndi matenda pyelonephritis.
- Acute cystitis, yomwe imayendera limodzi ndi kuchulukana kwa mafinya.
- Pachimake hemato native osteomyelitis (zofala kwambiri mwa ana kuposa akuluakulu).
- Pachimake peritonitis chifukwa cha kuwonjezeka kwa zotupa kuchokera mkati ziwalo kulowa m'mimba.
- Mikhalidwe ya Septic monga septicemia, septicopyemia.
Contraindication
Palibe zotsutsana kwathunthu pakugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala okhala ndi clavulanate. Sindikulimbikitsidwa kuti uzingotengedwa pokhapokha pakudziwitsa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mankhwala.
Panthawi ya kuphwanya kwaimpso kapena kwa chiwindi, mankhwalawa sagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Momwe mungatengere clavulanic acid
Kukonzekera komwe kumakhala ndi clavulanate kuyenera kutengedwa kuchokera masiku 7 mpaka 14, kutengera ndi zizindikiro za matendawa. Gwiritsani ntchito masiku osakwana 7 osavomerezeka, chifukwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda titha kupulumuka ndikukula kukana kwa chinthu chomwe chikugwira. Mlingo wa akuluakulu - 125 mg wa potaziyamu clavulanate ndi 875 mg wa amoxicillin trihydrate (mu gawo limodzi). Ndi matenda osakhazikika, mlingo ndi 500 mg wa amoxicillin ndi 125 mg wa clavulanate.
Mlingo wa ana ndi 30 mg ya amoxicillin ndi 15 mg ya clavulanate pa 1 kg ya kulemera kwa thupi patsiku. Piritsi imatengedwa bwino ndi chakudya, chifukwa mayamwidwe ndi bioavailability wa mankhwalawo adzakhala apamwamba.
Mlingo wa ana ndi 30 mg ya amoxicillin ndi 15 mg ya clavulanate pa 1 kg ya kulemera kwa thupi patsiku.
Kumwa mankhwala a shuga
Matenda a shuga angayambike ndi matenda ashuga, chifukwa chake matenda a impso amalephera. Popeza mankhwalawa amachotsedwa makamaka ndi impso, izi zimayenera kuthandizidwa pochiza odwala matenda a shuga.
Zotsatira zoyipa za clavulanic acid
Zotsatira zoyipa zimagawidwa malinga ndi momwe thupi limagwirira ntchito.
Matumbo
Clavulanate imatha kuyambitsa mitundu yonse yosasangalatsa ya dyspeptic. Izi zimachulukitsidwa kwambiri peristalsis, yomwe imatha kuwonetsedwa ndi matenda am'mimba. Mkhalidwewu uyenera kusiyanitsidwa ndi matenda otsegula m'mimba opatsirana ndi maantibayotiki, omwe amapezeka chifukwa cha kufa kwa microflora ndi kuchuluka kwa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono m'matumbo.
Clavulanate imatha kuyambitsa mitundu yonse yosasangalatsa ya dyspeptic.
Pa mankhwala ndi mankhwalawa, cholestatic jaundice imatha kuchitika, yomwe imawonetsedwa ndi chikaso cha khungu komanso kupweteka mu hypochondrium yoyenera. Kuphatikiza apo, pali chiopsezo cha hepatitis yochititsidwa ndi mankhwala, omwe amapezeka kwambiri kwa amuna achikulire ndipo amayamba chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kwa nthawi yayitali.
Hematopoietic ziwalo
Mankhwalawa amakhudza kuphukira koyera kwa mafuta m'mafupa ofiira, ndikupangitsa kusinthika (mulingowo umabwezeretseka pambuyo poyimitsa mankhwalawo) kuchepa kwa mulingo wa leukocytes, neutrophils. Pamodzi ndi leukocytes, mapulateleti amachepetsa panthawi ya makonzedwe, omwe amatha kufooketsa magazi.
Pakati mantha dongosolo
Chizungulire kapena kupweteka kwa mutu kumatha kuwoneka nthawi ya clavulanate. Nthawi zina, kukomoka kwa ma genesis apakati kumatheka. Khunyu imalumikizidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa mankhwalawa kuchokera mthupi kapena kugwiritsa ntchito Mlingo waukulu.
Chizungulire kapena kupweteka kwa mutu kumatha kuwoneka nthawi ya clavulanate.
Matupi omaliza
Mankhwalawa clavulanate, mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokhudza thupi imatha kuchitika, monga urticaria, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, atopic dermatitis. Amachitika kawirikawiri chifukwa cha kusalolera kwa mankhwalawo. Pofuna kupewa zoterezi, kuyezetsa chidwi cha mankhwalawa kuyenera kuchitidwa.
Zokhudza mphamvu pakuwongolera njira
Zotsatira zoyipa zimaphatikizapo chizungulire, zomwe zimatha kukhudzana ndi kuzindikira. Chifukwa chake, munthawi ya chithandizo ndi mankhwalawa, ndikofunikira kupewa kuyendetsa galimoto kapena njira zomwe zimafunikira kuti anthu azikhala ndi chidwi.
Malangizo apadera
Kuphatikiza pa kuyesedwa koyenera kwa chidwi cha munthu pomvera mankhwalawa, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti wodwalayo sanakhudzidwe ndi mankhwalawa a penicillin, cephalosporins kapena mankhwala ena a beta-lactam.
Ngati mukusowa ndi amoxicillin (gulu la ma penicillin opangidwa ndi theka), ceftazidime (kapena mankhwala enanso ochokera ku gulu la cephalosporins), ticarcillin kapena penicillin, mankhwalawa sagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mbiri. Zikatero, ndikofunikira kulingalira za mankhwalawa omwe angapangidwe ndi macrolides (mwachitsanzo, azithromycin), omwe sangayambitse ziwengo.
Mankhwalawa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala kwa anthu omwe akudwala matenda opatsirana a mononucleosis, chifukwa odwala, akamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, zotupa zofanana ndi chikuku zimatha.
Mankhwalawa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala kwa anthu omwe akudwala matenda opatsirana a mononucleosis, chifukwa odwala, akamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, zotupa zofanana ndi chikuku zimatha.
Ngati wodwalayo alephera kusintha kwaimpso ndi creatinine chilolezo chotsika 30 mg pamphindi, ndiye kuti mankhwalawa sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, popeza zingakhale zovuta kumveketsa mankhwala ndi impso komanso kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa minofu ndi ziwalo. Potengera pomwe chilolezo cha endo nativein chimakhala chokwera kuposa 30 mg pamphindi, palibe chifukwa chosinthira kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa.
Ngati wodwala akuphwanya magwiridwe antchito a chiwindi (mwachitsanzo, ndi hepatitis kapena cholestatic jaundice), clavulanate imayikidwa mosamala, kuwunika zoopsa ndi zotsatira zabwino.
Kukonzekera kokhala ndi mankhwala a Clavulanate kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda titha kukana mankhwala osatetezeka. Ngati zikuwoneka kuti ma virus omwe samapanga zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maantibayotiki asatetezedwe, ndiye kuti mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe ali ndi clavulanate ayenera kusankhidwa.
Clavulanate imatha kuyambitsa kusapanga bwino kwa immunoglobulin G ndi albumin pamafupa a erythrocyte, omwe angapereke zotsatira zabodza mu labotore ya Coombs. Izi ziyenera kuganiziridwa pakumwa mankhwala ndi mankhwalawa.
Gwiritsani ntchito pa nthawi yoyembekezera komanso mkaka wa m`mawere
Palibe deta yokwanira yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa amayi apakati, ndipo ndizosatheka kuyankhula za chitetezo chokwanira cha thanzi la mayi ndi mwana wosabadwayo. Ngati kuli kofunika kutenga clavulanate, adotolo ayenera kuyerekeza zoopsa zomwe zingachitike ndi zotsatila zamankhwala ndipo pokhapokha apange lingaliro pazolinga za mankhwalawa.
Palibe deta yokwanira yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa amayi apakati, ndipo ndizosatheka kuyankhula za chitetezo chokwanira cha thanzi la mayi ndi mwana wosabadwayo.
Kupangira ana a clavulanic acid
Ana amatha kupatsidwa mankhwala okhala ndi clavulanate kuyambira masiku oyamba amoyo. Kwa ana akhanda ndi ana aang'ono, mitundu ya mankhwala mu mawonekedwe a kuyimitsidwa kapena madzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito, chifukwa ndiosavuta kumwa komanso yosavuta kupereka kwa ana.
Gwiritsani ntchito mu ukalamba
Mukakalamba, clavulanate amalembedwa mosamala pokhapokha ngati aimpso kapena kwa hepatic matenda. Pakakhala kuphwanya machitidwe awa, mankhwalawa safunikira kukhala ochepa pakugwiritsa ntchito.
Mukakalamba, clavulanate amalembedwa mosamala pokhapokha ngati aimpso kapena kwa hepatic matenda.
Clavulanic acid bongo
Kumwa mlingo waukulu wa mankhwala limodzi ndi kuwonjezeka kwa zotsatira zoyipa kuchokera m'mimba. Amatha kukhala nseru kwambiri, kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba. Palinso kuphwanya kwamiyeso yamagetsi yamagetsi, yomwe iyenera kuwongoleredwa poyambirira ndi mayankho amchere amchere. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amadziwika ndi euphoria, kusowa tulo, chizungulire, kupweteka (nthawi zina ndimisokonezo yamagetsi yamagetsi).
Kuchita ndi mankhwala ena
Popeza clavulanate imakhudzanso kapangidwe ka microflora yamatumbo (makamaka kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali), imatha kuchepetsa mayamwidwe a estrogens ndipo potero imachepetsa mphamvu yoletsa kulera kwapakati pa njira yolerera ya pakamwa yophatikizira mahomoni.
Zotsatira za microflora zimadziwonetseranso pakuwonjezeka kwa ntchito ya anticoagulants, chifukwa mabakiteriya am'matumbo ocheperako ndi omwe amachititsa kuti vitamini K (chimodzi mwazinthu zopangika, chandamale cha anticoagulants) komanso mayamwidwe a vitamini E (antioxidant system).
Chimodzi mwazinthu zoyipa ndi zovuta kwambiri za mankhwalawa ndi kupumula kwanyumba, chifukwa chake, kumachitika kwa m'mimba. Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kophatikizana kwa clavulanate ndi mankhwala ofewetsa thukuta kumayambitsa matenda otsegula m'mimba. Kuphatikiza koteroko kwa othandizira kuyenera kupewedwa, chifukwa izi zimakulitsa chisokonezo chamagetsi am'madzi ndikuwonjezera chiopsezo cha kugwidwa. Mankhwala othandizira othandizira amachepetsa kuyamwa kwa mankhwalawa, potero amachepetsa ntchito yake yotsutsana.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zoyipa ndi zovuta kwambiri za mankhwalawa ndi kupumula kwanyumba, chifukwa chake, kumachitika kwa m'mimba.
Ascorbic acid imatha kuwonjezera mayamwidwe a mankhwalawa, potero imakulitsa mphamvu yake yotsatsira.
Mankhwala, ndikofunikira kuti nthawi ndi nthawi muzifufuza ntchito ya impso ndi mayeso a labotale.
Kuyenderana ndi mowa
Palibe kusintha komwe machitidwe amachokera komwe mowa ndi clavulanate zimasemphana, kotero sitingathe kuyankhula za kusagwirizana kwawo. Koma panthawi ya chithandizo, muyenera kupewa kumwa mowa kuti muchepetse chiwindi.
Pa chithandizo, muyenera kupewa kumwa mowa kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa chiwindi.
Analogi
Ma fanizo otsatirawa amaperekedwa pamsika - Panclave, Ecoclave, Augmentin, Amoxiclav, Flemoxin Solutab.
Kupita kwina mankhwala
Kodi ndingagule popanda kulandira mankhwala?
Mankhwalawa amatha kugulidwa popanda mankhwala, koma musanagwiritse ntchito, muyenera kufunsa dokotala ndikuwamwa malinga ndi malangizo.
Mtengo wa clavulanic acid
Mtengo umasiyanasiyana kuchokera ku ma ruble 150 mpaka 300, kutengera wopanga.
Zosungidwa zamankhwala
Sungani mankhwalawo pachiwonetsero chake choyambirira kutentha kwa firiji. Pewani kufikira ana.
Tsiku lotha ntchito
Zaka 3 kuyambira tsiku lopangira, lomwe limawonetsedwa pamakatoni.
Wopanga
Sandoz (Poland).
Ndemanga za Clavulanic acid
Madokotala
Inna, wazaka 36, wodwala matenda opatsirana: "Ndimamupangira clavulanate wa lacunar ndi follicular tonsillitis. Amapereka zotsatira zabwino chifukwa cha kukana kwa bacteria ku penicillin. Akalandira chithandizo chochepa, odwala amakhala ndi matenda otsegula m'mimba."
Sergey, wazaka 52, yemwe ndi dokotala wambiri: "Ndimagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa pochiza odwala omwe ali ndi chibayo chochepa komanso chochepa. Amatha kulimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a chibayo, makamaka tikamapereka mankhwala mobwerezabwereza. - amathandizidwa mosavuta ndi Loperamide. "
Odwala
Andrey, wazaka 23: "Ndinaitenga kwa milungu iwiri ndikadwala chibayo. Mphamvu ya mankhwalawa idayamba kale patsiku lachitatu, kutentha kunachepa ndipo ululuwo umachepa. Ndinadwala pang'ono panthawi yomwe ndimamwa, koma izi sizinathe. chithandizo. "
Eugenia, wazaka 19: "Katswiri wodziwika bwino adapereka Augmentin pochiza matenda a zilonda zapakhosi. Tonthoni anakhalabe owawa kwa nthawi yayitali komanso mapulagi a purulent, koma amabwerera mwachizolowezi atatha kulandira chithandizo. Chofunikira kwambiri ndikupanga chidwi cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo musanalandire chithandizo ndikutsimikiza za mankhwalawa."
