Klava amatanthauza zida zothandiza kwambiri za penicillin. Ili ndi zochita zambiri. Amapangidwira zochizira zotupa zamkati, komanso matenda a maso.
ATX
Code ya ATX: J01CR02.
Klava amatanthauza othandizirana amphamvu. Amapangidwira zochizira zotupa mthupi.
Kutulutsa mafomu ndi kapangidwe kake
Mankhwalawa amapezeka m'mitundu iwiri yayikulu ya mapiritsi: mapiritsi ndi ufa w kuyimitsidwa. Zinthu zogwira ntchito ndi amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid.
Mapiritsi
Mapiritsiwa ndi mawonekedwe, oyera. Chophimba ndi zokutira zapadera. Piritsi lililonse lili ndi 250 il 500 mg ya amoxicillin ndi 125 mg ya acid. Zowonjezera: wowuma, silicon dioxide, magnesium stearate, selulose ndi talc.
Ufa
The ufa ndi homogeneous, crystalline, oyera. 5 ml ya kuyimitsidwa kotsiriza ili ndi 125 mg ya amoxicillin ndi 31 mg ya clavulanate. Zigawo zothandiza: citric acid, sodium benzoate, chingamu ndi kununkhira kwa timbewu.
Zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mankhwalawa ndi amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid.
Njira yamachitidwe
Ndi mankhwala othandizira owopsa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda osiyanasiyana obwera chifukwa cha mabakiteriya.
Amoxicillin ndi imodzi mwazomwe zimachokera ku penicillin. Clavulanic acid ndi zoletsa zamphamvu kwambiri za beta-lactamase.
Mankhwala amakhudzanso gramu-gramu komanso gram-negative, aerobic ndi anaerobic pathogenic tizilombo tomwe timayang'ana penicillin.
Kuchulukitsa kwa zamankhwala kumakhazikitsidwa chifukwa chakuti zigawo za asidi zimaphatikizana mwachangu ndi beta-lactamases ndikupanga khola lolimba. Zotsatira zake, kukana kwa ma antibayotiki pazovuta zomwe zimapangidwa ndi ma enzyme omwe amapangidwa ndi mabakiteriya a pathogenic ukuwonjezeka. Izi zimabweretsa chakuti chidwi cha mabakiteriya pakuwonongeka kwa amoxicillin pa iwo chimawonjezeka.
Pharmacokinetics
Mankhwalawa amatengeka bwino ndi chakudya. Mafuta amayamba bwino ngati mapiritsi atengedwa musanadye.
Mulingo wambiri wa amoxicillin mu madzi a m'magazi umawonedwa pakatha ola limodzi makonzedwe. Zida zonse zimagawidwa bwino pamitundu yambiri. Amatha kupezeka m'mapapu, ziwalo zoberekera komanso zam'mimba. Hafu ya moyo ili pafupifupi maola awiri. Mankhwalawa amachotsedwa m'thupi momwe amapangira michere yayikulu pogwiritsa ntchito impso.
Zizindikiro zogwiritsidwa ntchito
Zizindikiro zazikulu zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi:
- sinusitis pachimake bakiteriya;
- atitis media;
- kufalikira kwa chifuwa;
- chibayo
- bakiteriya cystitis;
- pyelonephritis ndi zotupa zina mu impso;
- matenda opatsirana a pakhungu ndi minofu yofewa;
- kulumwa nyama;
- matenda akutupa;
- osteomyelitis ndi zotupa zina za musculoskeletal system.
Contraindication
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala pazinthu zotere sikuloledwa:
- tsankho limodzi ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu za mankhwala;
- anaphylactic zochita zamtundu wa beta-lactamase;
- ana ochepera zaka 12;
- mimba ndi mkaka wa m`mawere.
Mosamala, mapiritsi ayenera kumwedwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la Impso ndi kwa chiwindi (onse otupa komanso achilengedwe).
Mosamala, mapiritsi ayenera kumwedwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la chiwindi.
Kutenga?
Mlingo ndi nthawi ya chithandizo zimatsimikiziridwa kwa wodwala aliyense payekhapayekha malinga ndi zaka komanso jenda, kuopsa kwa matenda omwe amapezeka komanso kupezeka kwa aimpso. Koma njira ya mankhwalawa sayenera kupitilira masiku 14.
Akuluakulu ndi ana opitirira zaka 12 amapatsidwa mapiritsi 1 a 325 mg maola 8 aliwonse kapena piritsi limodzi la 625 mg maola 12 aliwonse. Mochulukirapo, 625 mg wa mankhwalawa amatchulidwa maola 8 aliwonse.
Mulingo wovomerezeka tsiku lililonse wa amoxicillin sayenera kupitirira 600 mg.
Ana olemera osakwana 40 makilogalamu amapatsidwa 375 mg wa mankhwalawa maola 8 aliwonse. Ngati zotsatira zoyipa zimatchulidwa kwambiri, mutha kuwonjezera nthawi pakati pakumwa mapiritsi mpaka maola 12.
Pa chithandizo, kumwa madzi ambiri kumalimbikitsidwa. Kuti muthane bwino, ndikofunika kumwa mapiritsi musanadye kaye.
Zotsatira zoyipa
Mukamamwa maantibayotiki, timakumana ndi zovuta zosiyanasiyana. Onsewa ayenera kudutsa palokha, popanda kuwonjezera chithandizo chamankhwala atangosiya mankhwala.
Kuchokera mmimba
Odwala amakhala ndi mseru wamphamvu komanso kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba. Nthawi zina, pseudomembranous colitis amakula. Ana, nthawi zina mutha kuwona kusintha kwa mtundu wa mano enamel.
Thupi lawo siligwirizana
Nthawi zina odwala amadandaula za mawonekedwe a zotupa pakhungu, kuyabwa ndi kutentha m'malo omwe akhudzidwa. Nthawi zambiri, ming'oma, dermatitis, pustulosis, candidiasis pakhungu ndi mucous nembanemba. Milandu yayikulu, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, Lyell amakula, edema ya Quincke kapenanso kuwopsa kwa anaphylactic amatha kudziwonetsa. Chiwopsezo chokhala ndi exanthema chikuwonjezeka.
Kuchokera ku dongosolo lamanjenje lamkati
Chizungulire chachikulu ndi kupweteka kwa mutu, kuchepa kwa magazi kopanda tanthauzo. Kuwoneka kwa matenda opatsirana kumatheka, koma kumachitika pokhapokha ngati pali mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena pamaso pa mbiri ya nephropathy.
Kuchokera impso ndi kwamikodzo
Nthawi zambiri pamakhala crystalluria. Odwala ambiri, njira zotupa mu impso zimawonetsedwanso, koma mwa chikhalidwe chosatengera.
Kuchokera pa hematopoietic dongosolo
Pakuwunika kwa magazi, pali kuchepa kwamitundu ya neutrophils ndi leukocytes, thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia. Nthawi zambiri, mankhwala amakhudza kuchuluka kwa magazi.
Kuchokera ku chiwindi
Maonekedwe a cholestatic jaundice amadziwika. Nthawi zina zotupa zimachitika m'chiwindi. Hepatitis nthawi zambiri imayamba motsutsana ndi maziko a chiwindi chomwe chidakhalapo kwanthawi yayitali.
Ngati mayesero amtundu wa chiwindi amakhala osavomerezeka chifukwa chamankhwala, ndipo zizindikiro za jaundice zimachulukirachulukira, ndibwino kusintha antibacterial.
Malangizo apadera
Ndi kusamala kwambiri, mankhwala amathandizidwa ndi odwala omwe amatha kupewa chifuwa. Chenjezo liyeneranso kuchitidwa ngati hypersensitivity kwa cephalosporins.
Kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la chiwindi ndi impso, kuwunikira pafupipafupi ziwalo zamtunduwu ndikofunikira, ndipo kusintha kwa mankhwalawa sikothandiza kwenikweni ngati kuwonongeka konse pazotsatira zaumoyo komanso zoyesa.
Panthawi yamankhwala, ndibwino kusiya kusiya kuyendetsa galimoto.
Kumwa mankhwalawa nthawi zina kumatha kusokoneza, kukhudza kuthamanga kwa zochitika zama psychomotor ndi ndende, zomwe ndizofunikira panthawi yadzidzidzi. Chifukwa chake, panthawi yamankhwala, ndibwino kusiya kusiya kuyendetsa galimoto.
Gwiritsani ntchito pa nthawi yoyembekezera komanso mkaka wa m`mawere
Osamamwa mapiritsi nthawi ya bere. Zinthu zodutsa zimalowa bwino kudzera mu zotchinga za placenta ndipo zimatha kukhala ndi vuto losafunikira la mwana wosabadwayo. Ngati ndi kotheka, makonzedwe a Klavama amalembedwa pokhapokha magawo a mtsogolo, mapangidwe a mwana wosabadwayo atha. Koma pankhaniyi, kumwa mankhwalawa kungasokoneze thanzi la mwana.
Zinthu zogwira ntchito zimapezekanso mkaka wa m'mawere. Chifukwa chake, kwa nthawi yamankhwala, ndibwino kusiya kuyamwitsa.
Klavama yoika ana
Mankhwala omwe amapezeka pa mapiritsi samalamulira konse kwa ana osakwana zaka 12.
Bongo
Ngati mwalandira mwangozi mlingo waukulu wa mankhwalawo, zizindikiro za kuledzera zimawonekera. Nthawi zambiri izi zimakhala zovuta kwa dyspeptic. Zowonjezera zazikulu zoyipa zimawonedwa.
Mlandu wa bongo wambiri, kupuma kwam'mimba kumachitika ndipo chithandizo chakuthambalala chimachitika. Kenako anamasulira amatsenga. Chithandizo chachikulu ndicho chizindikiro. Kuchotsa kwathunthu poizoni aliyense m'thupi, hemodialysis imachitidwa.
Kuchita ndi mankhwala ena
Probenecid imakhudza kuchuluka kwa excretion ya amoxicillin kuchokera mthupi, pomwe sikukhudza clavulanic acid. Kugwiritsa ntchito limodzi kumadzetsa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimagwira m'madzi a m'magazi.
Amoxicillin amalepheretsa kuchulukana kwa methotrexate, komwe kumapangitsa kuti thupi lizidwala. Allopurinol imatsutsa kukula kwa thupi lawo siligwirizana.
Kuchita bwino kwa njira zakulera pakamwa akaphatikizidwa ndi Clavam kumachepetsedwa.
Ngati angagwiritsidwe ntchito munthawi yomweyo ndi aminoglycosides, ndiye kuti kuphwanya mayamwidwe a mankhwalawa ndikuchepetsa pang'onopang'ono pakutha kwake. Paracetamol ikhoza kukulitsa zovuta zina.
Osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa ndi mowa, monga mankhwalawa athandizidwa kwambiri, ndipo zizindikiro za kuledzera zidzachulukanso.
Analogi
Pali ma analogi angapo omwe amatha kusiyanasiyana pang'ono pakupanga, koma chithandizo chamankhwala ndichofanana. Ma fanizo ofala kwambiri:
- Amoxiclav;
- Amoxil-K;
- Augmentin;
- Pangano;
- Medoclave;
- Flemoklav Solutab;
- Amoxicomb.
Kupita kwina mankhwala
Mankhwalawa atha kugulidwa ku malo ogulitsira mankhwalawa malinga ndi mankhwala apadera omwe dokotala amapezekapo.
Mtengo wa Klava
Mtengo umatengera mtundu wa kumasulidwa, kuchuluka kwa mapiritsi okhala phukusi ndi malire a pharmacy. Mtengo wamba wa mankhwala umachokera ku ruble 120 mpaka 600.
Zosungidwa za mankhwala Klavam
Mankhwalawa amayenera kusungidwa kutali ndi ana aang'ono ndipo makamaka m'malo amdima. Kutentha kosungira sikuyenera kupitirira kutentha kwa chipinda.
Tsiku lotha ntchito
Zaka 2 kuyambira tsiku lopangira, zomwe ziyenera kuwonetsedwa pazomwe zimapangidwira koyambirira.
Ndemanga za madotolo ndi odwala za Klava
Ndemanga za mankhwalawa zimasiyidwa ndi onse madokotala ndi odwala.
Madokotala
Olkhovik O.M.
Nthawi zambiri ndimapereka mapiritsi a Clavam kwa odwala anga pochiza matenda a bakiteriya. Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito bwino, koma ali ndi zovuta zambiri, kotero si aliyense amene angamwe. Koma nthawi zambiri, odwala amakhutira ndi chithandizo, chifukwa mpumulo umabwera mwachangu.
Bozhok S.L.
Ndi chithandizo chabwino cha matenda opatsirana. Yoyenerera odwala ambiri ndikuchita mwachangu. Koma ena amadandaula za zochita zoyipa zomwe zimatenga nthawi.
Odwala
Olga, wazaka 27
Posachedwa akudwala matenda owopsa a atitis. Dokotala adalemba mapiritsi a Klavama. Adathandiziratu nthawi yomweyo, atatha masiku angapo atandilandira ndidayamba kusintha. Sindinamvetse mavuto ena aliwonse, pokhapokha tsiku loyamba la chithandizo panali chizungulire ndi mseru. Ndimakondwera ndi chithandizo.
Andrey, wazaka 40
Sindinathe kumwa mapiritsiwo. Monga momwe zinadzakhalira pambuyo pake, ndimalephera chifukwa cha cephalosporins ndi penicillin. Pambuyo pa mapiritsi oyamba, totupa lidatuluka pakhungu, ndipo edema ya Quincke idakula. Kuphatikiza apo, panali matenda otsegula m'mimba komanso kusanza. Ndinafunika kusintha mankhwalawo.
Elizabeth, wazaka 34
Ndinakhutira ndi chithandizo ndi mankhwalawa. Piritsi ndiyosavuta kumwa. Adalimba motero kumeza bwino. Zomwe zimawonekera tsiku lachiwiri la chithandizo. Zinthu zikuyenda bwino. Kumayambiriro kwa chithandizo komwe adadwala kwambiri ndipo adadwala m'mimba kangapo. Kenako mutu pang'ono, koma atasiya kulandira chithandizo, zonse zidapita.
