Kuyesedwa kwa labotale kwa matenda, kuphatikizapo matenda ashuga, kumatenga gawo lalikulu. Osati nthawi zonse zizindikiro za matendawa komanso kuchuluka kwa magazi m'magazi a glycemia kumawonetsa njira yeniyeni yachipatala m'thupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azindikire zolakwika pokhazikitsa mtundu wa matenda ashuga.
Proinsulin ndi mtundu wina wa protein womwe umapangidwa ndi insulin yopangidwa ndi ma cell a of-cell a ma isanc mu ma pancreas mwa anthu. Pambuyo pa cleavage kuchokera ku proinsulin, tsamba lamapuloteni (lomwe limadziwikanso kuti C-peptide), molekyulu ya insulin imapezeka, yomwe imayang'anira kagayidwe kake mthupi la munthu, makamaka mphamvu ya shuga ndi shuga wina.
Izi zimasungidwa m'maselo am'masukulu a Langerhans, pomwe amasinthidwa kukhala insulin yothandizira. Komabe, pafupifupi 15% ya chinthucho imalowabe m'magazi osasinthika. Poyesa kuchuluka kumeneku, pankhani ya C-peptide, munthu amatha kudziwa ntchito za maselo a β-kuthekera kwawo ndi kuthekera kwawo kutulutsa insulin. Proinsulin ali ndi zochitika zochepa za catabolic ndipo amakhala nthawi yayitali mthupi la munthu kuposa insulin. Koma, ngakhale izi zitachitika, Mlingo wambiri wa proinsulin (womwe umawonedwa pa ma pcresa (insulinoma, ndi zina)) umatha kudzetsa hypoglycemia mwa anthu.
Kukonzekera mayeso a proinsulin
Kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa proinsulin mwa anthu, magazi a venous amatengedwa. M'mbuyomu, wodwalayo ayenera kutsatira njira zingapo zosavutikira, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofanana ndi kukonzekera kusintha kwa zamankhwala kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa shuga:
- Kupereka magazi kumachitika m'mawa musanadye nkhomaliro, pamimba yopanda kanthu. Amaloledwa kutenga madzi ochepa kuti awerenge, popanda zina zowonjezera.
- Tsiku lisanafike phunziroli, ndikofunikira kupatula zakumwa zoledzeretsa, kusuta, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopitirira muyeso, komanso kuyendetsa mankhwala, ngati zingatheke, makamaka mankhwala ena ochepetsa shuga (glibenclamide, shuga, amaryl, ndi zina).
Zisonyezo zakusanthula kwa zasayansi
Kusanthula kwa proinsulin kumachitika molingana ndi mawonekedwe azachipatala, kuti mumvetse bwino izi:
- Kufotokozera zomwe zimayambitsa zochitika mwadzidzidzi za hypoglycemic.
- Kuzindikiritsa insulinomas.
- Kuwona kuchuluka kwa magwiridwe antchito a pancreatic β-cell.
- Kudziwitsa za matenda a matenda a shuga (mtundu 1 kapena 2).
Kutanthauzira kwa zotsatira za proinsulin assay
Nthawi zambiri, pamimba yopanda kanthu, kuchuluka kwa proinsulin mwa munthu sikuyenera kupitirira 7 pmol / L (kupatuka pang'ono kwa zotsatira kumatheka, m'malo osiyanasiyana azachipatala mu 0.5-1 pmol / L, omwe amafotokozeredwa ndi cholakwika cha zida zoyesera).
Kuchepa kwambiri kwa ndende ya proinsulin yamagazi kumachitika pokhapokha ngati pali mtundu 1 wa matenda a shuga. Kuchulukitsa pamwamba pa mulingo wabwinobwino kumakhala kwa mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga a m'mimba, kapamba wa oncology, endocrine matenda a chithokomiro, chiwindi ndi impso.
