Kuchiza matenda a shuga ndi njira yayitali komanso yodalirika. Matendawa ndi oopsa ndi zovuta, kuphatikiza apo, wodwalayo amatha kufa ngati sanalandire chithandizo chofunikira cha mankhwala.
Chifukwa chake, madokotala amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala, omwe amodzi mwa iwo ndi Actrapid insulin.
Zambiri pazamankhwala
Actrapid akulimbikitsidwa polimbana ndi matenda ashuga. Dzina lake lapadziko lonse lapansi (MHH) ndi insulle insulin.
Ichi ndi mankhwala odziwika a hypoglycemic omwe ali ndichidule. Imapezeka mu mawonekedwe a yankho lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito jekeseni. Mkhalidwe wophatikizika wa mankhwalawa ndi madzi wopanda khungu. Kuyenera kwa yankho kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kuwonekera kwake.
Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda amtundu wa 2 komanso matenda a shuga. Imathandizanso kwa hyperglycemia, chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka chithandizo chamankhwala kwa odwala pakagwidwa.
Odwala omwe ali ndi shuga omwe amadalira insulin amayenera kuwongolera shuga m'magazi moyo wawo wonse. Izi zimafunikira jakisoni wa insulin. Kusintha zotsatira zamankhwala, akatswiri amaphatikiza mitundu ya mankhwalawa malinga ndi mawonekedwe a wodwala komanso chithunzi cha matenda.
Zotsatira za pharmacological
Insulin Actrapid HM ndi mankhwala osakhalitsa. Chifukwa cha momwe zimakhalira, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatsitsidwa. Izi ndizotheka chifukwa chakuyendetsa kwake kwadongosolo.
Nthawi yomweyo, mankhwalawa amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi chiwindi, zomwe zimathandizanso kuti shuga azikhala bwino.
Mankhwalawa amayamba kugwira ntchito patatha pafupifupi theka la ola jakisoni ndi kukhalanso ndi mphamvu kwa maola 8. Zotsatira zazikulu zimawonedwa pakadutsa maola 1.5-3,5 pambuyo pa kubayidwa.
Kutulutsa mafomu ndi kapangidwe kake
Pogulitsa pali Actrapid mwanjira yothetsera jakisoni. Mitundu ina yotulutsira kulibe. Zake zogwira ntchito zimasungunuka insulini yambiri 3,5 mg.
Kuphatikiza apo, mapangidwe a mankhwalawa ali ndi zinthu zina zothandiza monga:
- glycerin - 16 mg;
- chloride ya zinc - 7 mcg;
- sodium hydroxide - 2.6 mg - kapena hydrochloric acid - 1.7 mg - (ndizofunikira pH malamulo);
- metacresol - 3 mg;
- madzi - 1 ml.
Mankhwalawa ndi madzi amtundu wowoneka bwino. Amapezeka mumbale agalasi (voliyumu 10 ml). Phukusili lili ndi botolo limodzi.
Zizindikiro zogwiritsidwa ntchito
Mankhwalawa amapangidwa kuti azilamulira shuga.
Iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda ndi zovuta zotsatirazi:
- mtundu 1 matenda a shuga;
- lembani matenda ashuga a 2 omwe ali ndi matenda osakwanira kapena osafunikira kwenikweni kwa othandizira pakhungu;
- matenda a shuga a gestational, omwe adawoneka munthawi ya kubala mwana (ngati palibe zotsatira kuchokera ku chithandizo chamankhwala);
- matenda ashuga ketoacidosis;
- kutentha kwambiri matenda opatsirana odwala matenda ashuga;
- opaleshoni yomwe ikubwera kapena kubereka.
Komanso, mankhwalawa amathandizidwa kuti ayambe kugwiritsidwa ntchito musanayambe mankhwala ndi kukonzekera insulin.
Kudzichiritsa nokha ndi Actrapid koletsedwa, mankhwalawa amayenera kutumizidwa ndi dokotala ataphunzira chithunzi cha matendawa.
Mlingo ndi makonzedwe
Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa ndiofunikira kuti mankhwalawa azigwira bwino, ndipo mankhwalawa samavulaza wodwala. Musanagwiritse ntchito Actrapid, muyenera kuiphunzira, komanso upangiri wa akatswiri.
Mankhwalawa amaperekedwa kudzera m'mitsempha kapena mozungulira. Dokotala amayenera kusankha mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa wodwala aliyense. Pa avareji, ndi 0,3-1 IU / kg (1 IU ndi 0,035 mg wa insulin). M'magulu ena a odwala, amatha kuwonjezereka kapena kuchepetsedwa.
Mankhwalawa amayenera kuperekedwa kwa theka la ola musanadye, zomwe ziyenera kukhala ndi chakudya chamafuta. Ndikofunika kupaka jekeseni mkati mwa khoma lamkati mwamkati - chifukwa chake kunyamula kumachitika mwachangu. Koma amaloledwa kupereka mankhwalawa m'matako ndi matako kapena mumisempha yotupa ya brachial. Popewa lipodystrophy, muyenera kusintha tsamba la jakisoni (kukhalabe mkati mwa malo omwe analimbikitsidwawa). Kuti mupeze mlingo wokwanira, singano ikuyenera kusungidwa pakhungu kwa masekondi 6 osachepera.
Kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kwamphamvu kwa Actrapid, koma katswiri ayenera kuyendetsa mankhwalawa mwanjira iyi.
Ngati wodwala ali ndi matenda ofanana, mlingo wake uyenera kusinthidwa. Chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana okhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka, kufunikira kwa insulin kumakulirakulira.
Malangizo a kanema wa insulin
Muyeneranso kusankha mlingo woyenera wopatuka monga:
- matenda a impso
- kuyanʻanila ntchito ya adrenal glands;
- matenda a chiwindi;
- matenda a chithokomiro.
Kusintha kwa kadyedwe kapena kuchuluka kwa zochita zolimbitsa thupi kwa wodwalayo kungasokoneze kufunika kwa insulin, komwe kungafunikire kusintha kwa mankhwala.
Odwala apadera
Kuchiza ndi Actrapid panthawi ya gestation sikuletsedwa. Insulin siyidutsa mu placenta ndipo sikuvulaza mwana wosabadwayo.
Koma poyerekeza ndi amayi oyembekezera, ndikofunikira kusankha mosamala mankhwalawa, chifukwa ngati sagwiridwanso bwino ntchito, pamakhala chiopsezo chotenga hyper- kapena hypoglycemia.
Mavuto onse awiriwa amatha kukhudza thanzi la mwana wosabadwa, ndipo nthawi zina zimamupangitsa kuti apite padera. Chifukwa chake, madokotala amayenera kuwunika kuchuluka kwa shuga mwa amayi apakati mpaka kubadwa.
Kwa ana akhanda, mankhwalawa si owopsa, chifukwa chake kugwiritsa ntchito pa mkaka wa m'mawere kumaloledwa. Koma nthawi yomweyo, muyenera kulabadira zakudya za mayi yemwe amamuyamwa ndi kusankha mlingo woyenera.
Ana ndi achinyamata sanakhazikitsidwe Actrapid, ngakhale kuti kafukufuku sanapeze vuto lililonse kuumoyo wawo. Mwachidziwitso, chithandizo cha matenda osokoneza bongo omwe ali ndi mankhwalawa mu gulu lino amakhala ovomerezeka, koma mlingo uyenera kusankhidwa payekha.
Contraindication ndi zoyipa
Actrapid ali ndi zotsutsana zochepa. Izi zimaphatikizapo hypersensitivity pazigawo za mankhwala ndi kupezeka kwa hypoglycemia.
Kuopsa kwa zovuta zoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa ndizochepa. Nthawi zambiri, hypoglycemia imachitika, chomwe ndi zotsatira za kusankha kwa mlingo womwe suyenera wodwala.
Imayendera limodzi ndi zochitika monga:
- mantha
- kutopa
- Kuda nkhawa
- kutopa;
- womvera
- kuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito;
- kuyang'ana mavuto
- mutu
- kugona
- nseru
- tachycardia.
Woopsa milandu, hypoglycemia angayambitse kukomoka kapena kulanda. Odwala ena amatha kufa chifukwa cha izo.
Zotsatira zina zoyipa za Actrapid zimaphatikizapo:
- zotupa pakhungu;
- urticaria;
- kuthamanga kwa magazi;
- kutupa
- kuyabwa
- matenda am'mimba thirakiti;
- thukuta;
- kuvutika kupuma
- kulephera kudziwa;
- matenda ashuga retinopathy;
- lipodystrophy.
Izi ndizosowa komanso mawonekedwe a gawo loyambirira la chithandizo. Ngati amawonedwa kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo mphamvu zawo zimachuluka, ndikofunikira kufunsa dokotala wanu za kufunikira kwa mankhwalawa.
Kuchita ndi mankhwala ena
Actrapid iyenera kuphatikizidwa molondola ndi mankhwala ena, chifukwa mitundu ina ya mankhwala ndi zinthu zina zimatha kukulitsa kapena kufooketsa kufunika kwa insulin. Palinso mankhwala omwe kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kumawononga zochita za Actrapid.
Gome mogwirizana ndi mankhwala ena:
Imawonjezera mphamvu ya mankhwalawa | Zili ndi mphamvu ya mankhwalawa | Kuwononga mphamvu ya mankhwalawa |
|---|---|---|
| Beta blockers Kukonzekera kwa Hypoglycemic kukonzekera pakamwa Tetracyclines Salicylates Ketoconazole Pyridoxine Fenfluramine, etc. | Mahomoni a chithokomiro Kulera kwamlomo Glucocorticosteroids Thiazide okodzetsa Morphine Somatropin Danazole Nikotini, etc. | Mankhwala okhala ndi sulfites ndi thiols |
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito beta-blockers, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuzindikira hypoglycemia, chifukwa mankhwalawa amaphatikizanso chizindikiro chake.
Wodwala akamamwa mowa, kufunikira kwake kwa insulin kumatha kuwonjezeka komanso kuchepa. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti odwala matenda ashuga asiye mowa.
Mankhwala okhala ndi vutoli
Chidacho chimakhala ndi ma analogues omwe amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito posagwiritsa ntchito Actrapid.
Mitu ikuluikulu ndi:
- Gensulin P;
- Tilamulire P;
- Monoinsulin CR;
- Humulin Wokhazikika;
- Biosulin R.
Ayeneranso kukhala olimbikitsidwa ndi dokotala pambuyo poyeserera.
Migwirizano ndi machitidwe akusungidwa, mtengo
Chida chake chimayenera kusungidwa kuti chisafike kwa ana. Kusunga katundu wa mankhwalawa, ndikofunikira kuti mutetezere dzuwa. Kutentha kwambiri kosungirako ndi madigiri 2-8. Chifukwa chake, Actrapid amatha kusungidwa mufiriji, koma sayenera kuyikidwa mufiriji. Pambuyo pa kuzizira, yankho limakhala losatheka. Moyo wa alumali ndi zaka 2,5.
Vala sayenera kuyikamo firiji ikatsegulidwa; pamafunika kutentha kwa madigiri 25 kuti isungidwe. Iyenera kutetezedwa ku kuwala kwa dzuwa. Alumali moyo wotseguka unayikidwa kwa mankhwala ndi 6 milungu.
Mtengo woyenerera wa mankhwala a Actrapid ndi ma ruble 450. Insulin Actrapid HM Penefill ndi wokwera mtengo kwambiri (pafupifupi ma ruble 950). Mitengo imatha kusiyanasiyana ndi dera komanso mtundu wa mankhwala.
Actrapid sioyenera kudzipatsanso mankhwala, chifukwa chake, mutha kugula mankhwala kokha mwa mankhwala.
