Kuchiza matenda a shuga nthawi zambiri kumafuna kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala okhala ndi insulin. Izi zikuphatikizapo Insuman Bazal GT. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti ndi zinthu ziti komanso mawonekedwe omwe ali nawo kuti njira yodziwikiratu mankhwala azitsamba ikhale yothandiza komanso yotetezeka.
Zambiri, kapangidwe, mawonekedwe a kumasulidwa
Wopanga mankhwalawa ndi France. Chida ndi cha gulu la hypoglycemic. Amapangidwa pamaziko a insulin yaumunthu ya semisynthetic chiyambi. Ogulitsa omwe amapezeka mu mawonekedwe a kuyimitsidwa kwa jekeseni. Kutalika kwazinthu zomwe zikugwiririka ndizochepa.
Kuphatikiza pazomwe zimagwira, zinthu zina zomwe zimathandizira pakukwaniritsa kwake zimaphatikizidwa ndi mankhwalawa.
Izi zikuphatikiza:
- madzi
- nthaka ya chloride;
- phenol;
- protamine sulfate;
- sodium hydroxide;
- glycerol;
- metacresol;
- dihydrogen phosphate sodium dihydrate;
- hydrochloric acid.
Kuyimitsidwa kuyenera kukhala kopitilira muyeso. Mtundu wake nthawi zambiri umakhala yoyera kapena pafupifupi yoyera. Gwiritsani ntchito pang'onopang'ono.
Mutha kusankha imodzi mwazinthu zoyenera zomwe zimapezeka pamsika:
- Makatoni okhala ndi voliyumu ya 3 ml (paketi ya ma 5 PC.).
- Makatoni oikidwa mu zolembera za syringe. Kuchuluka kwawo ndi 3 ml. Cholembera chilichonse cha syringe ndi chitha kutulutsa. Mu phukusi pali 5 ma PC.
- 5 ml Mbale. Amapangidwa ndigalasi lopanda utoto. Pazonse, pali mabotolo asanu otere mu paketi.
Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwalawa pokhapokha ngati mukuwongolera katswiri, mukumvera zomwe zikuwonetsa komanso zomwe sangathe. Mutha kuphunziranso za mankhwalawo nokha. Kuti mugwiritse ntchito moyenera, kudziwa kwapadera kumafunika.
Njira zamachitidwe ndi pharmacokinetics
Zotsatira zamankhwala aliwonse zimachitika chifukwa cha zinthu zomwe zimaphatikizidwa pakapangidwe kake. Ku Insuman Bazal, chophatikiza chophatikizika ndi insulin, yomwe imapezeka ndi synthetically. Zotsatira zake ndi zofanana ndi za insulin wamba yopangidwa m'thupi la munthu.
Zokhudza thupi monga motere:
- kuchepetsa shuga;
- kukondoweza kwa anabolic zotsatira;
- Kuchepetsa kuchepa kwamatumbo;
- imathandizira kufalitsa shuga mu minyewa ndikuyendetsa mayendedwe ake;
- kuchuluka kwa glycogen;
- kukakamiza kwa glycogenolysis ndi glyconeogeneis njira;
- kutsika kwa kuchuluka kwa lipolysis;
- kuchuluka lipogeneis mu chiwindi;
- kuthamanga kwa njira ya kaphatikizidwe wa mapuloteni;
- kukondoweza kwa kudya kwa potaziyamu ndi thupi.
Chizindikiro cha chinthu chomwe chikugwira ntchito chomwe ndi maziko a mankhwalawa ndi nthawi yake yochitapo kanthu. Pankhaniyi, zotsatira zake sizimachitika nthawi yomweyo, koma zimayamba pang'onopang'ono. Zotsatira zoyambirira zimawonekera ola limodzi pambuyo pa jekeseni. Mankhwala othandiza kwambiri amakhudza thupi pambuyo maola 3-4. Zotsatira zamtunduwu wa insulin zimatha kukhala kwa maola 20.
The kuyamwa kwa mankhwala amachokera subcutaneous minofu. Pamenepo, insulin imamangirira ku ma receptor enaake, chifukwa omwe amawagawa minofu yonse. Kupereka zinthu izi kumachitika ndi impso, chifukwa chake zimakhudza kuthamanga kwa njirayi.
Zizindikiro ndi contraindication
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala aliwonse kuyenera kukhala kotetezeka. Izi ndizowona makamaka kwa mankhwala omwe amapereka chithandizo chofunikira kwambiri, monga shuga.
Kuti mankhwalawo asavulaze wodwala, muyenera kutsatira malangizo a mankhwalawo ndikugwiritsa ntchito pokhapokha mutazindikira koyenera.
Insuman Bazal imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda ashuga. Imafotokozedwa ngati wodwala akufunika kugwiritsa ntchito insulin. Nthawi zina mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi njira zina, koma monotherapy ndi yovomerezeka.
Chofunikira kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa ndikuganizira za contraindication. Chifukwa cha iwo, mankhwalawa osankhidwa amatha kudwalitsa thanzi la wodwalayo, motero dokotala ayenera kuphunzira kaye za anamnesis ndikuwunika mayeso ofunikira kuti awonetsetse kuti palibe zoletsa.
Mwa zina zazikulu zotsutsana ndi mankhwala a Insuman amatchedwa:
- munthu insulin tsankho;
- tsankho pamagawo othandiza a mankhwalawa.
Mwa zina zoletsedwa zomwe zalembedwa monga:
- mimba
- kuyamwitsa;
- kulephera kwa chiwindi;
- matenda a impso;
- okalamba ndi ana a odwala.
Milandu iyi siyokhala ya kuphwanya malamulo kwambiri, koma madokotala ayenera kusamala popereka mankhwalawo. Nthawi zambiri, njirazi zimakhala ndi cheke cha glucose komanso kusintha kwa mlingo. Izi zimachepetsa chiopsezo cha zotsatira zosafunidwa.
Basal pa mimba ndi mkaka wa m`mawere
Kuwerenga zomwe zimachitika ndi mankhwala aliwonse, ndikofunikira kudziwa momwe zimakhudzira amayi panthawi yapakati komanso mkaka wa m'mawere.
Kubala mwana nthawi zambiri kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga kwa mayi woyembekezera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwonetserozi zikwaniritse. Ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti ndi mankhwala ati otetezeka pamenepa.
Zambiri pazotsatira za Insuman pa mayi wapakati komanso mwana wosabadwa sizinapezeke. Kutengera zambiri zokhudzana ndi mankhwala omwe amapezeka ndi insulin, titha kunena kuti chinthuchi sichilowa m'matumba, chifukwa chake sichitha kuyambitsa chisokonezo pakukula kwa mwana.
Wodwala yekha ayenera kupindula ndi insulin. Komabe, dokotala wopezekapo amayenera kuganizira zonse za chithunzi cha chipatala ndikuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga. Panthawi yapakati, shuga amatha kusintha kwambiri kutengera nthawi, ndiye muyenera kuwayang'anira, kusintha gawo la insulin.
Ndi chakudya chachilengedwe cha mwana, kugwiritsa ntchito Insuman Bazal kumaloledwa. Gawo lake lothandizira ndi phula la mapuloteni, kotero likafika kwa mwana limodzi ndi mkaka wa m'mawere, kuvulala sikumawonedwa. Thupi limagawika m'migawo ya mwana kuti amino acid ndipo imakamizidwa. Koma amayi akuwonetsedwa zakudya panthawiyi.
Zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwalawa
Mankhwalawa matenda a shuga. Insuman Bazal ayenera kuganizira zosintha zonse zomwe zimachitika m'thupi la wodwalayo. Sikuti nthawi zonse amakhala olimbikitsa. Monga tafotokozera pakuwunika kwa wodwalayo, mankhwalawa amatha kuyambitsa mavuto ambiri, mfundo yakuchotsa yomwe imadalira mtundu wawo, mphamvu ndi zina. Ngati zingachitike, kusintha kwa mankhwalawa, mankhwala, komanso kusintha kwa mankhwalawo ndi mawonekedwe ake kungafune.
Hypoglycemia
Chodabwitsachi ndi chimodzi mwazomwe chimakonda kugwiritsa ntchito insulin. Amakhala ngati mlingo wa mankhwalawo wasankhidwa molakwika kapena pamaso pa hypersensitivity wodwala. Zotsatira zake, thupi limadzaza ndi insulin yochulukirapo kuposa momwe iyenera, chifukwa chomwe shugayo imachepetsedwa kwambiri. Izi ndizowopsa, chifukwa milandu yayikulu ya hypoglycemia imatha kupha.
Hypoglycemia imadziwika ndi zizindikiro monga:
- kusokonezeka ndende
; - Chizungulire
- kumverera kwa njala;
- kukokana
- kulephera kudziwa;
- kugwedezeka
- tachycardia kapena arrhythmia;
- kusintha kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndi zina zambiri.
;Mutha kuthana ndi hypoglycemia yofatsa ndi zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta ochulukirapo. Amawonjezera kuchuluka kwa glucose kukhala labwinobwino komanso kukhazikika pansi. Pazovuta zazikuluzikuluzi, thandizo la kuchipatala limafunikira.
Kuchokera ku chitetezo chamthupi
Mphamvu ya chitetezo chamthupi ya anthu ena imatha kuyankha mankhwalawa mosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri, pofuna kupewa milandu ngati imeneyi, kuyezetsa mayeso koyambirira kumachitika kuti pakhale tsankho.
Koma nthawi zina kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kumapangidwira popanda mayeso, omwe angayambitse zotsatirazi:
- zotupa pakhungu (edema, redness, zidzolo, kuyabwa);
- bronchospasm;
- kutsitsa magazi;
- angioedema;
- anaphylactic mantha.
Zina mwazomwe tatchulazi sizikuwoneka ngati zowopsa. Nthawi zina, kuthetsedwa kwa Insuman kumafunikira, chifukwa wodwala amatha kufa chifukwa chake.
Mankhwala a insulin angayambitse kuwongolera kwa metabolic, chifukwa chomwe wodwalayo amatha kupanga edema. Komanso chida ichi chimayambitsa kuchepa kwa sodium mthupi la odwala ena.
Pa mbali ya ziwalo zooneka, minyewa komanso khungu
Vuto lowoneka limachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwamwadzidzidzi pakuwerengedwa kwa shuga. Utoto wa glycemic utangokhazikitsidwa, izi zimaphwanya.
Ena mwa mavuto akulu owoneka ndi awa:
- kuchuluka kwa matenda ashuga retinopathy;
- kusokonezeka kowoneka kwakanthawi;
- khungu lakanthawi.
Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kupewa kusinthasintha kwa shuga.
Choyimira chachikulu chotsutsana ndi minofu ya subcutaneous ndi lipodystrophy. Ndikubwera chifukwa cha jakisoni womwewo, komwe kumayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa chogwira ntchito.
Pofuna kupewa izi, tikulimbikitsidwa kusinthana magawo a kaperekedwe ka mankhwala mkati mwa chololedwa pazifukwa izi.
Mawonekedwe a khungu nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa cha kulephera kwa thupi kuchizira insulin. Pakapita kanthawi, amachotsedwa popanda kulandira chithandizo, dokotala yemwe akupezekapo ayenera kudziwa za iwo.
Izi zikuphatikiza:
- kupweteka
- redness;
- mapangidwe a edema;
- kuyabwa
- urticaria;
- kutupa
Zochita zonsezi zimawonekera pokhapokha pena jakisoni.
Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito
Mankhwala Insuman amayenera kudyedwa kokha. Imayenera kulowa mkati mwake, ntchafu, phewa kapena khomo lamkati. Popewa kukula kwa lipodystrophy, jekeseni sayenera kupangidwa m'dera lomwelo, malo akuyenera kusinthidwa. Nthawi yoyenera ya jakisoni ndi nyengo ya chakudya chisanafike (pafupifupi ola limodzi kapena pang'ono). Chifukwa chake zitheka kukwaniritsa zokolola zazikulu kwambiri.
Pakatikati, mulingo woyambira ndi magawo 8-24 panthawi imodzi. Pambuyo pake, mankhwalawa amatha kusinthidwa kumtunda kapena pansi. Kutalika kovomerezeka komwe sikutumikiridwa ndi kuchuluka kwa magawo 40.
Kusankhidwa kwa mlingo kumakhudzidwa ndi chisonyezo monga chidwi cha thupi pazogwira ntchito za mankhwala. Ngati pali chidwi chachikulu, thupi limakhudzana ndi insulin mwachangu kwambiri, motero odwala otere amafunika gawo laling'ono, apo ayi hypoglycemia ikhoza kukula. Kwa odwala omwe ali ndi chidwi chofuna chithandizo chokwanira, mlingo uyenera kuchuluka.
Phunziro la kanema pogwiritsa ntchito cholembera:
Kusinthana ndi insulin ina ndikusintha Mlingo
Pezani wodwala wina mankhwala akhale moyang'aniridwa ndi achipatala. Nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika pofuna kupewa kukula kwa zotsatira zoyipa chifukwa cha contraindication kapena mavuto. Zimachitikanso kuti wodwala sakukondwa ndi mtengo wa Bazal.
Dokotala ayenera kusankha mtundu wa mankhwala atsopano mosamala kuti asayambitse kusinthasintha kwamphamvu mu mbiri ya glycemic - izi ndizowopsa pazotsatira zoyipa. Ndikofunikanso kuyang'ana kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a wodwalayo kuti asinthe mlingo wa mankhwalawo kapena kuzindikira kuti sioyenera kulandira chithandizo.
Kusintha Mlingo, Dokotala amayenera kuyesa mphamvu zake. Ngati gawo loyambirira la mankhwalawa silibereka zotsatira, muyenera kudziwa chifukwa chake izi zimachitika. Pambuyo pokhapokha izi, mlingo umatha kuchuluka, ndikuwongolera njirayi.
Nthawi zina zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha mankhwalawa zimatha kusakhalapo chifukwa cha zomwe zimachitika mthupi, ndipo nthawi yochulukitsa thupi imayamba chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa zotsutsana. Katswiri yekha ndi amene angadziwe izi.
Mlingo wothandizidwa ndi magulu apadera a odwala
Pali magulu osiyanasiyana a odwala omwe muyenera kukhala anzeru kwambiri.
Izi zikuphatikiza:
- Amayi oyembekezera komanso oyembekezera. Pokhudzana ndi iwo, ndikofunikira kuwunika mwadongosolo zizindikiro ndi kusintha kwa mankhwalawa malinga ndi zotsatira zake.
- Odwala ndi mkhutu aimpso ndi kwa chiwindi ntchito. Ziwalo izi zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mankhwalawa. Chifukwa chake, pamaso pa pathologies m'derali, wodwala amafunikira kuchepa kwa mankhwalawa.
- Odwala okalamba. Ndi wodwala wazaka zopitilira 65, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zotheka kudziwa ma pathologies akugwira ntchito ziwalo zosiyanasiyana. Kusintha kokhudzana ndi zaka kungakhudze chiwindi ndi impso. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kwa anthu otere, mlingo wake umayenera kusankhidwa mosamala kwambiri. Ngati palibe ziwonetserozo mu ziwalo izi, ndiye kuti mutha kuyamba ndi gawo labwinobwino, koma nthawi ndi nthawi muyenera kuchita zoyeserera. Ngati kulephera kwa impso kapena chiwindi kumayamba, onetsetsani kuti mwachepetsa kuchuluka kwa insulini yomwe mumamwa.
Musanagule Insuman Bazal, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti izikhala yothandiza.
Kuchuluka kwa mankhwala osavomerezeka kungayambitse mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Nthawi zambiri izi zimabweretsa mkhalidwe wa hypoglycemic, kuuma kwake komwe kungakhale kosiyana kwambiri. Nthawi zina, pakalibe chithandizo chamankhwala, wodwalayo amatha kufa. Ndi mitundu yofooka ya hypoglycemia, mutha kuletsa kuukira pogwiritsa ntchito zakudya zopatsa thanzi (shuga, maswiti, ndi zina).
