Steroid shuga mellitus ndimatenda omwe amayamba chifukwa chakutha kugwira bwino ntchito kwa adrenal cortex kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kwa nthawi yayitali.
Choopsa chachikulu cha matenda a shuga a steroid ndi anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la matenda ashuga, tidzazindikira chomwe chimakhala, kaya ndi hypercorticism yomwe imalumikizana ndi izi, komanso zoyenera kuchita.
Matendawa amasokoneza kapamba, amawononga maselo amthupi ndikusokoneza kupanga kwachilengedwe kwa insulin. Pachifukwa ichi, shuga ya matenda a shuga imatchedwa matenda a shuga a sekondale.
Zifukwa
Pali zifukwa ziwiri zazikuluzikulu zomwe zimapangidwira matenda a shuga a steroid:
Monga kuphatikiza kwa matenda omwe amachititsa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a adrenal cortex, mwachitsanzo, matenda a Itsenko-Cushing;
Zotsatira za chithandizo cha nthawi yayitali ndi mankhwala a mahomoni.
Nthawi zambiri, chifukwa chowoneka cha matenda a shuga a steroid ndi kuchuluka kwa mankhwala a mahomoni, chifukwa chake nthawi zina amatchedwa matenda osokoneza bongo. Matenda owopsa nthawi zambiri amakula limodzi ndi vuto lalitali lomwe limapezeka ndi mankhwala a glucocorticoid monga:
- Hydrocortisone;
- Prednisone;
- Dexamethasone.
Mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amawagwiritsa ntchito kuti athane ndi matenda otupa komanso matenda othandizira odwala matenda amitsempha. Chifukwa chake, matenda a shuga a steroid nthawi zambiri amakhudza odwala omwe ali ndi matenda otsatirawa:
- Mphumu ya bronchial;
- Rheumatoid nyamakazi;
- Matenda osiyanasiyana a autoimmune (pemphigus, eczema, lupus erythematosus);
- Multiple sclerosis.
Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ma diuretics ena kungakhudze kukula kwa matenda a shuga a steroid. Odziwika kwambiri pakati pawo ndi zida zotsatirazi:
- Dichlothiazide;
- Hypothiazide;
- Nephrix
- Navidrex.
Komanso, mtundu uwu wa shuga umapezeka kawirikawiri mwa amayi omwe agwiritsa ntchito njira zakulera za mahomoni kwa nthawi yayitali kuti ateteze pathupi osafunikira.
Kuphatikiza apo, anthu omwe anachitapo opaleshoni yopatsirana impso amakhalanso pachiwopsezo.
Zizindikiro
Kuti mudziwe momwe ma steroid ndi matenda a shuga amagwirizanirana, muyenera kumvetsetsa momwe mankhwala a mahomoni amachitikira m'thupi la munthu. Kugwiritsa ntchito ndalamazi kwa nthawi yayitali kwa wodwala, kusintha kwa magazi m'magazi kumaonekanso kwambiri. Potere, mulingo wa corticosteroids mmenemo umachulukanso.
Ma steroids amakhudza maselo am'mimba, omwe amatsogolera pang'onopang'ono. Izi zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa insulini ya mahomoni m'thupi la wodwalayo, ndikuchepetsa pang'ono ndikuyambitsa kukula kwa matenda a shuga. Kuphatikiza apo, mahomoni a steroid amapangitsa kuti maselo amthupi asagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi insulin, zomwe zimasokoneza kagayidwe kazakudwala.
Chifukwa chake, zizindikiro za matenda a shuga a mitundu 1 ndi mtundu 2 amadziwika ndi matenda a shuga. Zotsatira zake, njira ya matendawa imatha kukhala yovuta kwambiri ndipo imabweretsa zovuta zazikulu.
Dziwani kuti matenda ashuga, opsinjika ndi ma steroid, amakula pang'onopang'ono ndipo magawo oyamba a matendawa sangathe kudziwonetsa. Zizindikiro zotsatirazi zikuwonetsa kupezeka kwa munthu wodwala matenda a shuga:
- Ludzu lalikulu. Kuti mumukwaniritse, wodwalayo amadya madzi ambiri;
- Kutopa ndi kuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito. Zimakhala zovuta kuti munthu achite zinthu wamba;
- Kukodza pafupipafupi. Pakuyendera kuchimbudzi chilichonse, mkodzo waukulu umaperekedwa kwa wodwala;
Kuphatikiza apo, mosiyana ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 komanso mtundu wa matenda ashuga a 2, mwa odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu wa steroid yamatenda, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi mkodzo sikumaposa masiku onse. Zomwezo zimagwiranso ntchito pamlingo wa acetone, zomwe nthawi zambiri sizipitilira zovomerezeka. Izi zimasokoneza kwambiri kuzindikira matendawa.
Zomwe zimathandizira pakupanga matenda a shuga a steroid:
- Chithandizo cha nthawi yayitali ndi corticosteroids;
- Kukhazikika kwa mankhwala a mahomoni muyezo waukulu;
- Kuchulukana pafupipafupi kwa shuga wamagazi pazifukwa zosadziwika;
- Kunenepa kwambiri.
Ndikofunika kutsindika kuti odwala ambiri omwe amamwa mankhwala a mahomoni amatha kukhala ndi matenda ashuga. Komabe, nthawi zambiri imayamba yokhala yofatsa ndipo imazimiririka ikamaliza maphunziro.
Mtundu wowopsa wa matendawa, monga ulamuliro, umawonedwa mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga kapena kale omwe ali ndi matenda. Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga samadziwa za matenda awo, popeza matendawa amapitilira m'njira yatsopano. Komabe, kutenga corticosteroids kumathandizira njira ya matendawa ndikuthandizira kukula kwake.
Chinthu chinanso chomwe chikuthandizira kuti pakhale shuga wambiri wa mankhwala a shuga ndi onenepa kwambiri, zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti shuga ndi kunenepa kwambiri zimayenderana.
Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kunenepa kwambiri ayenera kumwa mankhwala a mahomoni mosamala kwambiri pokhapokha ngati dokotala akuwalimbikitsa.
Chithandizo
Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga a steroid ziyenera kuchitika molingana ndi gawo la matendawa. Ngati chinsinsi cha insulini m'thupi chitathetsedwa, ndiye kuti kulimbana ndi matendawa kuyenera kuchitika chimodzimodzi ndi mtundu wa matenda ashuga 1.
Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga a insulin amadalira njira zotsatirazi:
- Jakisoni wa insulin wa tsiku ndi tsiku;
- Kugwirizana ndi zakudya zochizira (izi zitha kukhala zakudya zama carb zochepa, koma zimaphatikizidwa mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a impso);
- Zochita zolimbitsa thupi kwambiri (kuyenda, kuthamanga, masewera olimbitsa thupi);
Kuphatikiza apo, kudya komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndizofunikira kwambiri kukonza mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo. Mankhwalawa amathandizira kukhala ndi shuga wabwinobwino.
Ndikofunikira kutsimikizira kuti shuga yodalira insulin ndi matenda osachiritsika, chifukwa ma cell a ma cell a chamba omwe anawonongedwa ndi corticosteroids sakubwezeretsedwanso.
Ngati kupanga kwa insulini sikunasokonezeke kwathunthu ndipo maselo a gland akupitiliza kupanga mahomoni, ndiye kuti wodwalayo amapanga shuga wosadalira insulini, womwe umafanana ndi matenda a shuga a 2.
Mankhwalawa amafuna:
- Kutsatira ndi zakudya zama carb ochepa;
- Zochita zolimbitsa thupi;
- Kumwa mankhwala omwe amachititsa chidwi cha minyewa kupita ku insulin: Glucophage, Thiazolidinedione ndi Siofor;
- Kulimbana ndi kunenepa kwambiri (ngati kulipo);
- Analoleza jakisoni wa insulin kuti asungitse zofunsazo.
Ndi matenda amtunduwu a shuga, ntchito ya pancreatic imatha kuchira kwathunthu, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti shuga yosadalira insulini imachiritsidwa.
Ngati wodwala wapezeka ndi matenda a shuga, koma sangakane kumwa corticosteroids (mwachitsanzo, ndi kupatsirana kwa impso kapena mphumu waukulu wa bronchial), amamuika mahomoni a anabolic kuti athandize kuchepetsa mphamvu ya mankhwala a glucocorticoid. Chithandizo chotere chimathandiza wodwala kukhala wathanzi. Zambiri zavuto zili mu kanema munkhaniyi.
