Steroid shuga mellitus amatchedwanso sekondale yotchedwa insulin-wodwala matenda a shuga 1. Amawoneka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa corticosteroids (mahomoni a adrenal cortex) m'magazi kwa nthawi yayitali.
Zimachitika kuti matenda a shuga a steroid amapezeka chifukwa cha zovuta zamatenda momwe mumakhala kuchuluka kwa mahomoni, mwachitsanzo, ndi matenda a Itsenko-Cushing.
Komabe, nthawi zambiri matendawa amapezeka pambuyo poti athandizidwe kwa nthawi yayitali ndi mankhwala ena a mahomoni, chifukwa chake, dzina limodzi la matendawa ndi matenda osokoneza bongo.
Mtundu wa matenda a shuga omwe amachokera ku gulu la matenda omwe amapezeka kunja, sikuti amagwirizana ndi zovuta zapakhosi.
Mwa anthu omwe alibe kusokonezeka kwa kagayidwe kazakudya nthawi yambiri ya glucocorticoids, amapezeka wofatsa ndipo amachoka atachotsedwa. Pafupifupi 60% ya odwala, a 2 matenda a shuga amachititsa kuti matendawo asamayende okha popanda insulin.
Mankhwala a shuga a Steroid
Mankhwala a Glucocorticoid, monga dexamethasone, prednisone ndi hydrocortisone, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala othana ndi kutupa a:
- Mphumu ya bronchial;
- Rheumatoid nyamakazi;
- Matenda a Autoimmune: pemphigus, eczema, lupus erythematosus.
- Multiple Sclerosis.
Matenda a shuga amatha kupezeka ndi ma diuretics:
- thiazide diuretics: dichlothiazide, hypothiazide, nephrix, Navidrex;
- mapiritsi olembera.
Mlingo wokulirapo wa corticosteroids amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati gawo la anti-kutupa mankhwala pambuyo pochita opaleshoni impso.
Pambuyo Thirani, odwala ayenera ndalama kupondereza chitetezo chokwanira moyo. Anthu oterewa amakhala ndi vuto lotupa, lomwe poyambirira limawopseza chofunikira chija chija.
Matenda a shuga samapangidwa mwa odwala onse, komabe, chifukwa chokhala ndi mahomoni ambiri, kupezeka kwake kumakhala kwakukulu kuposa momwe amathandizira matenda ena.
Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga omwe amayamba chifukwa cha ma steroid amawonetsa kuti anthu ali pachiwopsezo.
Pofuna kuti asadwale, anthu onenepa ayenera kuchepetsa thupi; omwe ali ndi kulemera kwabwino amafunikira kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndikusintha zakudya zawo.
Munthu akazindikira kuti ali ndi vuto la matenda ashuga, musalole kumwa mankhwala a mahomoni molingana ndi malingaliro anu.
Zolemba za matendawa ndi zizindikiro zake
Matenda a Steroid ndi apadera chifukwa amaphatikiza zizindikiro za matenda amitundu iwiri komanso matenda ashuga a 1. Matendawa amayamba pamene kuchuluka kwa ma corticosteroids amayamba kuwononga maselo a pancreatic beta.
Izi ndizogwirizana ndi zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga 1. Komabe, maselo a beta akupitiliza kupanga insulini kwakanthawi.
Pambuyo pake, kuchuluka kwa insulini kumachepa, chidwi cha minofu ya mu hormone iyi chimasokonezedwanso, chomwe chimachitika ndi shuga 2.
Popita nthawi, maselo a beta kapena ena aiwo amawonongeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ayambe kupanga insulin. Chifukwa chake, matendawa amayamba kuyenda chimodzimodzi ndi matenda amisomali omwe amadalira insulin 1. Kuonetsa zizindikiro zomwezo.
Zizindikiro zazikulu za matenda a shuga ndizofanana ndi mtundu uliwonse wa matenda ashuga:
- Kuchulukitsa pokodza;
- W ludzu;
- Kutopa
Nthawi zambiri, zizindikiro zomwe zalembedwazo sizikuwonetsa zambiri, motero sizimalabadiridwa. Odwala sataya thupi kwambiri, monga mtundu 1 wa shuga, kuyezetsa magazi sikumapangitsa kuti azindikire.
Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi mkodzo sikumakwera kwambiri modabwitsa. Kuphatikiza apo, kupezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa ma acetone m'magazi kapena mkodzo sikumawonedwa kawirikawiri.
Matenda a shuga monga chiopsezo cha matenda a shuga
Kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a adrenal kumawonjezeka mwa anthu onse mosiyanasiyana. Komabe sianthu onse omwe amamwa glucocorticoids omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga.
Chowonadi ndi chakuti kumbali inayo, corticosteroids amachitapo kanthu kapamba, ndipo, kumbali ya insulin. Kuti magazi a shuga azikhala abwinobwino, kapamba amakakamizidwa kugwira ntchito ndi katundu wolemera.
Ngati munthu ali ndi matenda a shuga, ndiye kuti minyewa yake ya insulini yayamba kuchepetsedwa kale, ndipo zodutsazo sizikhala 100% pogwira ntchito zake. Chithandizo cha steroid ziyenera kuchitika kokha ngati chomaliza. Chiwopsezo chikuwonjezereka ndi:
- kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ma steroid mu Mlingo wambiri;
- kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kwa nthawi yayitali;
- wodwala wonenepa kwambiri.
Chisamaliro chikuyenera kuthandizidwa popanga chisankho ndi iwo omwe nthawi zina amakhala ndi shuga wambiri pazifukwa zosadziwika.
Kugwiritsa ntchito glucocorticoids, mawonekedwe a shuga amawonjezereka, ndipo izi zimadabwitsa munthu, chifukwa sakanatha kudziwa za matenda ake a shuga.
Pankhaniyi, matenda a shuga anali ofatsa asanatengere glucocorticoids, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mankhwalawa mahomoni adzakulitsa vutoli ndipo mwina atha kudwala matenda onga matenda a shuga.
Asanapange mankhwala a mahomoni, anthu achikulire ndi amayi onenepa kwambiri amafunika kukayezetsa matenda ashuga am'mbuyomu.
Chithandizo cha matenda ashuga
Ngati thupi silipanga insulin, ndiye kuti matenda osokoneza bongo, ngati matenda amtundu 1, koma ali ndi mawonekedwe a shuga 2, ndiye kuti, insulin kukana minofu. Matenda a shuga oterewa amathandizidwa ngati shuga 2.
Chithandizo chimadalira, pakati pazinthu zina, makamaka pazovuta zomwe wodwala ali nazo. Mwachitsanzo, kwa anthu onenepa kwambiri omwe amapangabe insulin, zakudya ndi zochepetsa shuga monga thiazolidinedione ndi glucophage zimasonyezedwa. Kuphatikiza:
- Ngati pali ntchito ya pancreatic yotsika, ndiye kuti kuyambitsa insulini kudzapangitsa kuti achepetse katundu.
- Pankhani yakusakwanira kwa ma cell a beta, pakapita nthawi, ntchito ya pancreatic imayamba kuchira.
- Pa cholinga chomwechi, zakudya zamafuta ochepa zimayikidwa.
- Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi thupi lolemera, chakudya No. 9 chikulimbikitsidwa; anthu onenepa kwambiri ayenera kutsatira zakudya No. 8.
Ngati kapamba satulutsa insulin, ndiye kuti imayikidwa ndi jakisoni ndipo wodwalayo afunika kudziwa momwe angabayire insulin molondola. Kuwongolera shuga ndi magazi kumachitidwa chimodzimodzi ndi shuga 1. Komanso, ma cell a beta sangabwezeretsedwe.
Mlandu wosiyana ndi chithandizo cha matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amayamba chifukwa cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi mkhalidwe womwe ndi kosatheka kukana chithandizo cha mahomoni, koma munthu amadwala matenda a shuga. Izi zitha pambuyo pakupatsirana kwa impso kapena pamaso pa mphumu.
Mlingo wa shuga umasungidwa pano, potengera chitetezo cha kapamba komanso kuchuluka kwa minyewa yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi insulin.
Monga chithandizo chowonjezereka, odwala amatha kutumizidwa mahomoni a anabolic omwe amayang'anira zovuta zamagulu a glucocorticoid.
