Matenda a shuga ndi matenda oopsa osagwira anthu komanso nyama. Pathology imawonetsedwa ndikuphwanya kapangidwe ka insulin ya mahomoni ndi kapamba kapena kusintha kwa chidwi chake pakuchitika kwa maselo ndi minofu ya thupi. Matendawa adatchuka ndi mawu awiri achi Latin: shuga, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ndikupita, ndimankhwala okoma ngati uchi.
Matenda a shuga m'magalu amapezeka mu 0.5% ya milandu yamankhwala. Zimachitika zaka zilizonse, koma makamaka kuyambira zaka zitatu mpaka 15. Amuna a matenda ashuga sakhala ocheperako kusiyana ndi zidutswa za matenda. Ngati tikunena za kuchuluka kwa kubereka, chizindikiro ichi chimasiyana m'maiko osiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri eniake obwezera golide, poodle, labrador, bichon frizz ndi Australia terrier amabwera kwa veterinarian ndi vuto lofananalo.
Nkhaniyi ikufotokozera za "matenda okoma" agalu, zizindikiritso za matendawa, mfundo za chithandizo ndi kudyetsa ziweto.
Matenda amtundu wanji?
Matenda a shuga amatchedwa endocrinopathy, ndiko kuti, matenda amodzi a gland ya endocrine system. Chowonetsa chachikulu cha matendawa ndi matenda a hyperglycemia. Uwu ndi mkhalidwe womwe umadziwonetsera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Zotsatira za hyperglycemia womwe umakhalapo nthawi yayitali ndikuphwanya njira za metabolic, komanso kusintha kwa magwiridwe antchito onse amthupi ndi machitidwe amthupi.
Matenda a shuga m'magalu amawonekera chifukwa chakuti kapamba sangapangitse insulin yokwanira. Izi zimakhudzidwa ndi kayendedwe ka mamolekyulu a shuga m'maselo, ngati kuti "kuwatsegulira" khomo. Ngati timadzi takwanira, kuchuluka kwa glucose kumatsalira m'magazi, ndipo minofu yake imakhala ndi mphamvu yanjala.
Kondomu imayimiriridwa ndi mitundu iwiri ya maselo: ena amatulutsa michere yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi chimbudzi, ena - mahomoni
Pali chochitika china. Zida za inshuwaransi zimatulutsa chinthu chokwanira chomwe chimagwira ntchito m'magazi, koma kukana insulini kumachitika, ndiye kuti, malo omwe maselo amataya chidwi chawo ndi insulin. Zotsatira zimakhala zofanana ndi kosi yoyamba ya zochitika - hyperglycemia imayamba.
Zikondamoyo za galu zimalandira chisonyezo choti minofu yake silipatsidwa mphamvu yofunikira, ndipo shuga onse amakhala m'magazi. Chiwalochi chimayamba kuphatikiza mahomoni ambiri, koma izi zimangokulitsa zochitika.
Gulu
Pakadali pano, veterinarians ali ndi lingaliro loti shuga mu agalu agawidwa m'mitundu iyi:
Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga- Wodalira insulini (mtundu 1) - mawonekedwe awa amaphatikizidwa ndi kufa kwa maselo a pancreatic ndi kulephera kwake kutenga nawo mbali pazochita za metabolic. Zomwe zimayambitsa chitukuko zimawonedwa kuti ndi cholowa chamtsogolo komanso chotengera cha autoimmune (mkhalidwe momwe chitetezo chamthupi chimalimbana ndi maselo a gland, kumaganiza kuti ndi achilendo). Mtundu 1 umapezeka mwa agalu a matenda ashuga.
- Mtundu 2 - mwa nyama, mawonekedwe amtunduwu amawonetsedwa osati kokha ndi kuchepa kwa chidwi cha minyewa mpaka kuchitapo kanthu kwa insulin, komanso ndi matenda a maselo a insulin zida zokha. Mwa anthu, matenda amtundu wa 2 nthawi zambiri amathandizidwa ndi mapiritsi ochepetsa shuga, komanso mwa nyama, jekeseni wa insulin.
- Mtundu wachiwiri - umachitika pambuyo pa ma virus atizilombo, motsutsana ndi kuwonongeka kwa pituitary gland kapena chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kwa nthawi yayitali.
- Mtundu wamtundu - umayamba nthawi yam'mimba yakumwa ndikusintha kwa mahomoni m'thupi la nyama. Ana agaluwo akadzabadwa, matendawa amazimiririka, koma zimatsimikizirabe tsogolo lakelo m'tsogolo.
Sichabwino kuzindikira kuti ndiwe wekha kapena ayi, izi zikuyenera kuchitika ndi katswiri woyenera
Zizindikiro zake
Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga m'magalu siwosiyana ndi chithunzi cha matenda a munthu kapena chiweto china. Eni ake amazindikira kuti ziweto zawo zimamwa zakumwa zambiri, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakodza ndipo zochuluka, zawonjezera chilimbikitso. Poyerekeza ndi matenda a mtundu woyamba, nyamayo imataya kwambiri, ndipo mtundu 2, m'malo mwake, ikukula msanga.
Akafufuza, akatswiri akuwona kuti:
- kutsitsa minofu kamvekedwe;
- kusirira komanso chovala chosalala;
- kutaya tsitsi;
- kuchepa kwa kutentha kwa thupi;
- zosintha pamakina owonera;
- kuchuluka kwa chiwindi ndi ndulu.
Mfundo Zazidziwitso
Kuzindikiridwa kwa matenda a shuga mu galu kumatsimikiziridwa kutengera kukhalapo kwa triad wotsatirayi:
- Zizindikiro zazikulu za matendawa;
- shuga wam'mawa kwambiri pamimba yopanda kanthu;
- mawonekedwe a shuga mkodzo.
Wowonetsa veterin ayenera kusiyanitsa matenda ashuga ndi ma pathologies ena omwe ali ndi chithunzi chofanana ndi zamankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, ndi matenda a shuga a matenda a shuga - matenda omwe amayenda ndi mkodzo waukulu chifukwa cha kusokonekera kwa timadzi ta antidiuretic. Ndikofunikanso kudziwa zenizeni zamtundu wamtundu wa galu womwe umachokera, chifukwa mapangidwe a kupititsanso kwa matendawa kumatengera izi.
Njira yayikulu yodziwira ndi magazi osakanizira a shuga. Kuchuluka kwa glycemic mu agalu ndi 5.5 mmol / L, monga mwa munthu wathanzi. Ziwerengero za Glycemia zitha kutsimikiziridwa osati mu labotale yanyama, komanso kunyumba. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito ma glucometer apadera okhala ndi mizere yoyesera ndi ma lancets kupuma kwa minofu yofewa.
Muyeso wa glycemia umachitika pogwiritsa ntchito dontho la magazi a nkhaniyi pamutu wozungulira, womwe umayikidwa mu mita, zotsatira zake zimawonetsedwa pazenera.
Ma pallet a magazi sampulu sagwiritsidwa ntchito, chifukwa pamenepo ma ziwiya amapezeka kwambiri. Kugundidwa kumakhala kowawa ndikupangitsa kuti nyamayi isasokonezeke. Mwazi wofufuza agalu umatengedwa kumapeto kwa khutu. Pangani ma capillaries osankhidwa mwapadera.
Kuwunika malipiro kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito njira zowonjezera zowonera:
- miyeso ya fructosamine;
- kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycated (glycosylated).
Fructosamine ndi chisonyezero cha kuchuluka kwa shuga pamasiku apitawa a 10-15 (munthawi zina - mpaka masabata atatu). Glycated hemoglobin imasonyezanso glycemia wapakati, koma kwa miyezi 3.5-5.
Njira Zodyetsa Nyama Zodwala
Mkuluyo atazindikira kuti chiweto chake chokhala ndi miyendo inayi chili ndi "matenda okoma", pamakhala funso lofunika kwambiri la momwe angadyetsere ziweto zake. Kupatula apo, ndizopatsa thanzi zomwe zimawerengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwazofunikira pakuchiza matenda a shuga agalu. Kusankha chakudya moyenera kumakupatsani mwayi wochepetsa shuga.
Mfundo Zakudya za Agalu Atsamba Labwino:
- caloric yomwe imaloledwa kudya tsiku lililonse iyenera kuchitika;
- kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta omwe amabwera ndi chakudya;
- kuchepetsa zakudya zamafuta kuti muchepetse katundu pa kapamba;
- onjezani kuchuluka kwa zakudya zama protein.
Royal Kanin imapereka zakudya zamtundu wouma za matenda ashuga. Amawonetsedwa pamaso pa endocrinopathy ndi pathological kulemera. Sikulimbikitsidwa kudyetsa abwenzi a miyendo inayi ndi zoterezi pakubala, mkaka wa m'mawere, kukula, ndi kuchepa mphamvu kwa thupi la nyama. Opanga amalimbikitsa kuyamba ndi Royal Canin Obesity Canine. Nyama imayenera kuchepera 2-3% yakulemera kwake pa sabata, kudya misa yowuma. Pambuyo pakufika pamlingo woyenera wa thupi, Weight Control Canine imayikidwa kuti musunge kulemera kwa galuyo moyenera.
Phukusi la 1.5 makilogalamu liyenera kulipira ruble 900-1000
Phindu la mitundu yodyetsera yazakudya zamagulu agalu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a Royal Canin ndi awa:
- kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni m'zinthu, chifukwa chomwe nyama imataya mafuta, osati minofu;
- kukhalapo kwa mavitamini ndi mchere wofunikira;
- kuchuluka kwa glucosamine ndi chondroitin sulfate, komwe kumakhudza bwino mkhalidwe wa minofu ndi mafupa;
- zomwe zili ndi kuchuluka kwamafuta acid omwe amalepheretsa kukula kwa atherosulinosis ndikubwezeretsa kagayidwe ka mafuta.
Eni ake omwe amadyetsa ayisikilimu wa ziweto zawo ndi maswiti ayenera kusiya lingaliro ili, chifukwa zinthu izi zimakhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu zamafuta ambiri momwe zimapangidwira.
Zochizira
Cholinga chothana ndi matendawa sikuti ndikuchotsa zokhazokha za matenda, komanso kuti tikwaniritse chipukuta misozi, ndiye kuti nthawi yomwe misempha ya magazi imasungidwa nthawi yayitali kwakanthawi. Normoglycemia imachepetsa mulingo wa insulin, womwe umayendetsedwa ndi jekeseni, komanso umachepetsa chiwopsezo cha zovuta kuchokera ku maso, zida zaimpso, ndi dongosolo lamanjenje.
Chithandizo cha galu odwala matenda ashuga chimakhazikika pa mfundo zazikuluzikulu zitatu:
- kukonza zakudya;
- moyo wokangalika;
- makonzedwe a timadzi yogwira insulin mosakakamira mu mawonekedwe a jakisoni.
Nthawi yoyamba ya mankhwala a insulin iyenera kuchitika kuchipatala. Kusankha mulingo wa mankhwalawa kwa wodwala miyendo inayi ndi ntchito yovuta, chifukwa njirayi imatenga zoposa tsiku limodzi. Pali nthawi zina pamene nyama zimavomerezedwa kuzipatala zamtchire m'malo ovuta (mwachitsanzo, ndi ketoacidosis). Zikatero, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala ochizira, kulowetsedwa kwa insulin.
Chithandizo cha insulin ya agalu chimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala otsatirawa:
- Levemir;
- Lantus;
- Protafan;
- Novorapid.
Dongosolo la chithandizo cha munthu payekha amasankhidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zotsatirazi:
- kudzera muyezo wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa glucosuria;
- mwa kupenda shuga m'magazi kapena mkodzo katatu patsiku;
- Kutsimikiza kwa glycemia ziwonetsero lililonse maola 3-4.
Zizindikiro zonse zalembedwa papepala loyang'anira odwala. Kutengera pa iwo, mulingo wa mahomoni amasankhidwa. Musanagawire nyamayo, onetsetsani kuti mwiniwakeyo akukumana ndi vuto lochitira chiweto, momwe angapangire insulin bwino, momwe angakhalire ndi galu wodwala matenda ashuga.
Ndi mavuto ati omwe mungakumane nawo?
A pafupipafupi complication ya mankhwala ndi hypoglycemia. Awa ndi mkhalidwe womwe amadziwika ndi kuchepa kwakukulu kwa ziwopsezo zamagazi m'magazi a nyama. Zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mankhwala a mahomoni olakwika, kuyesetsa kwambiri (mwachitsanzo, pakusaka), ndi kutopa kwambiri kwa thupi.
Hypoglycemia imayamba kwakanthawi kochepa ndipo imayendera limodzi ndi zizindikiro zowoneka bwino
Zizindikiro za hypoglycemic state ndizotsimikizika komanso zotchulidwa:
- kufooka kwambiri;
- kugona
- kugwidwa kogwedeza;
- kulephera kudziwa.
Ngati vutoli lidabuka kunyumba, muyenera kuyeza manambala a glycemia, ndipo mukatsimikizira matenda, muyenera kupaka yankho la shuga m'mitsempha kapena mkati. Vuto lina lomwe lingakhalepo ndi chithandizo cha insulin ndi Somoji syndrome. Vutoli limawonetsedwa ndi kutalika kwa mahomoni pambuyo pakupanga kwake kuposa momwe amayembekezera. Kuti muthane ndi zovuta, ndikofunikira kusintha mlingo wa mankhwala.
Cataract ndiye chinthu chofala kwambiri cha "matenda okoma" agalu
Mavuto obwera chifukwa cha matenda ashuga ndi zinthu zoopsa zomwe zimayambitsa kusokoneza ziwalo zamkati. Agalu amadziwika ndi kuwonongeka kwa ziwiya zamagetsi, zomwe zimawonetsedwa ndi kulephera kwa impso, komanso matenda a patel opita mu mawonekedwe amanjenje.
Zomwe zimayambitsa zovuta zovuta ndi angiopathies. Awa ndi zotupa zam'mimba, chifukwa chomwe masinthidwe a maselo ndi minyewa amasintha. Khoma lamkati la zombo limakhala ndi ma atherosselotic plaque, omwe pang'onopang'ono amatseka lumen ndikusokoneza microcirculation.
Angiopathy imakhudzanso ndi zotumphukira zamagetsi. Pathology imadziwonetsera mu mawonekedwe a chisokonezo cha galu, mawonekedwe owawa, komanso kufooka kwa minofu. Matenda a ziweto amatha kuthana ndi masculoskeletal system. Tikuyankhula za mawonekedwe a mafupa, mafupa am'mitsempha ndi zina za m'mikhalidwe.
Matenda a shuga amatenga matenda oopsa. Mwini wake, yemwe mnzake wa miyendo inayi wapezeka ndi izi, ayenera kuzindikira bwino kuti ayenera kulimbana ndi matendawa. Ngati mutsatira malingaliro a veterinarians, mutha kukwanitsa kulipira kwakanthawi ndikukulitsa moyo wa chiweto chanu.
