Matenda a shuga ndi kuwona kwamunthu ndizolumikizana mosasinthika, chifukwa maso ndi amodzi mwa ziwalo zomwe zimayang'aniridwa ndi matenda ashuga. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi, magazi am'deralo amasokonezeka, ndipo maselo a minyewa sangalandire michere yokwanira ndi mpweya. Izi zimabweretsa kuwonongeka pang'onopang'ono mu matenda ashuga, ndi zochitika zina pakhungu.
Ndi zizindikiro ziti zomwe ziyenera kuchenjeza?
Wodwala ayenera kuyang'anira mwapadera mawonekedwe a shuga. Koyamba, zizindikiro zooneka ngati zazing'ono zimatha kuwonetsa kuphwanya kwakukulu. Chifukwa chake, pakakhala zachilendo zilizonse m'maso ndi kukayikira kwamatenda ena, ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi ophthalmologist osanenedwa. Kodi ndizowonetsera ziti zomwe ziyenera kumuchenjeza munthu? Nayi ena a iwo:
- nyansi;
- dontho mu zowoneka bwino;
- mawanga ndi "ntchentche";
- kutopa kwa diso la m'maso;
- ulusi ndi kumata;
- maso owuma.
Zizindikiro zake zimadalira mtundu wamatenda omwe amayamba wodwala. Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amatha kutengeka kwambiri ndi matenda a ophthalmic kuposa anthu athanzi. Chifukwa chake, kuyeserera koyeserera kwa dokotala m'gulu lino la odwala sikunganyalanyazidwe.
Pakakhala madandaulo, wodwala matenda ashuga amayenera kuwunikidwa ndi dokotala osachepera 1-2 pachaka (kutengera mkhalidwe wa retina)
Zoyambitsa
Maso omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amavutika makamaka chifukwa cha kuvulala kwamitsempha. Chifukwa chake, choyambitsa chachikulu cha zovuta za ophthalmic ndi shuga wamagazi ambiri. Mwa kusintha matenda ake, mungathe kuchepetsa mwayi wokhala ndi vuto lakuwona. Pambuyo pake, ndikofunikira kuti aziyesa magazi pafupipafupi ndikuwunika momwe mulili. Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zopanda pake zomwe zingakhale:
Mavitamini a odwala matenda a shuga- chizolowezi chowerenga zipinda zosayatsa bwino ndikuyika buku pafupi kwambiri;
- kubadwa mwabadwa;
- kugwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi kwa zida zamakono zamagetsi zokhala ndi backlight (ndizowopsa makamaka kuwerenga zambiri kuchokera pazenera lowala mumdima);
- kuonera TV kwa mphindi zoposa 30 patsiku;
- kugwiritsa ntchito magalasi amtundu wotsika popanda mafayilo apadera a ultraviolet.
Kuyenda mumlengalenga ngakhale nyengo yadzuwa sikhala ndi vuto pamaso. Koma kusoka pagombe kapena m'mphepete mwa solaramu kumatha kukulitsa vuto lamatumbo a ziwalo zamawonedwe. Pankhaniyi, mlingo wa poizoniyu umakhala wambiri, ndipo kwa wodwala matenda ashuga, ndibwino kuti musawotcha ndi dzuwa nthawi yayitali.
Matenda amaso ndi matenda ashuga
Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 amadwala matenda ashuga retinopathy nthawi zambiri kuposa odwala matenda a shuga a 2. Kukula kwa matendawa kumakhudzidwa ndi kutalika kwa matenda ashuga komanso malingaliro a wodwalayo ku thanzi lake.
Retinopathy
Matenda a shuga a retinopathy ndi njira yowopsa ya maso yomwe, popanda kuwongolera ndi kukonza mankhwala, imatha kuyambitsa kuwonongeka kwa khungu komanso khungu lonse lathunthu. Simamera kwenikweni, koma pang'onopang'ono kwa nthawi yayitali. Mukamadwala kwambiri “matendawo” a wodwalayo, matendawo amawonjezeka. Matendawa amakula chifukwa chakuti magazi omwe amapezeka m'magazi a shuga amayamba kuchepa kwambiri ndipo zimapangitsa kuti maselo ena asinthe.
Pali magawo atatu a matenda a shuga a retinopathy, omwe amasiyana muukali wazizindikiro komanso kuchuluka kwa zotupa
Ndi retinopathy yoyambirira (kumbuyo), kusintha kwa ziwonetsero m'matumbo a fundus kumangopezeka mu ma capillaries ang'onoang'ono komanso mitsempha. Pankhaniyi, wodwalayo samamva chilichonse kapena kungodandaula chifukwa cha kusapeza bwino. Ngati mungazindikire matendawa pakadali pano, pali mwayi uliwonse kuti muchepetse nthawi yayitali pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosathandizira opaleshoni. Chachikulu ndikukwaniritsa kuikidwa kwa ophthalmologist ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.
Gawo lotsatira la matendawa ndi losadalilika retinopathy. Mwa mawu oti "kuchulukitsa" amatanthauza kuchulukitsa kwa thupi lathu. Pankhani ya mitsempha yamagazi ya ziwalo zamasomphenya, kuchulukana kumayambitsa kupanga magawo atsopano otsika a ziwiya. Pakadali pano matendawa, kusintha kwa ma pathological kumakhudza gawo lapakati la retina (macula). Gawoli lili ndi chiwerengero chokwanira cha zolandirira kuwala ndipo limayang'anira kutha kuwona, kuwerenga ndi kusiyanitsa mitundu. M'matumba osalimba, mapangidwe amwazi amatha kuphulika ndi zotupa. Kubwezeretsa popanda opaleshoni panthawiyi ndizosatheka.
Proliferative retinopathy ndiye gawo lovuta kwambiri la matendawa, momwe zotengera zambiri zimasinthidwa kale ndi zomwe zimakula kwambiri. Kutupa kambiri komanso kusintha kopweteka kumadziwika mu retina, chifukwa cha momwe maonedwe akuthamanga amachepa msanga. Njira izi zikapanda kuyimitsidwa, wodwalayo amatha kusiya kuwona. Retina amatha exfoliate, monga mu ziwiya zosalimba pali zambiri zolumikizana minofu womera.
Chithandizo chothandiza kwambiri kwa anthu odwala kwambiri odwala matenda ashuga retinopathy ndi kuwongolera masomphenya a laser. Pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi, mutha kulimbitsa mitsempha yamagazi ndikusintha magazi kulowa m'malo omwe akhudzidwa. Nthawi zambiri, kukonza laser, palibe chifukwa chofunikira kuchipatala; zimatenga mpaka tsiku la 1 munthawi yonse yokonzekera.
Mphaka
Mphaka ndi zowonongeka kwa ziwalo zam'maso, chifukwa nthawi zambiri mandala a kristalo amakhala amitambo ndipo amasiya kuwala. Chifukwa cha izi, kuthekera kwa diso kuwona bwino bwino kumatayika pang'onopang'ono. Muzochitika zazikulu, mphaka zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwathunthu kwamawonedwe. Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amakula pakati pa okalamba komanso odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2. Koma zovuta zamkati zimatha kuonekanso mwa achinyamata omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, mitsempha yamagazi imangokulira chaka chilichonse, ndipo matendawa amakula msanga.
Pa magawo oyamba amatsamba, mutha kuyesa kuyimitsa mothandizidwa ndi madontho amaso. Amathandizira kutsika kwa magazi ndikuthandizira njira yayikulu yogwiritsira ntchito zida zonse za metabolic.
Maso a shuga amafunika kuwonjezereka, kusamalira komanso kukhala odekha
Pali madontho amaso omwe amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti aletse matenda amkati ndikuthandizira kagayidwe kazakudya ka minofu ya zida za ocular. Milandu yayikulu yoyipa yamatumbo apamwamba, mwayi wokhapokha wopulumutsa m'maso ndi kutulutsa maso a mandala.
Glaucoma
Glaucoma ndikuwonjezeka kwa kukakamizidwa kwa intraocular. Monga matenda amkati, kudwala kumeneku kumatha kuchitika ngakhale kwa anthu achikulire omwe samadwala matenda ashuga, chifukwa cha kusinthana ndi ukalamba. Koma matendawa amatsogolera patsogolo kwambiri matenda a glaucoma komanso zovuta zina. Madontho pochizira glaucoma sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazolinga za prophylactic ndipo kwambiri kuti mudzipereke nokha. Ambiri mwa mankhwalawa ali ndi zoyipa zingapo zosasangalatsa, chifukwa chake ndi akatswiri a maso oyenerera omwe angawalimbikitsa.
Chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwambiri, mitsempha ya optic imasinthidwa ndi pathological. Izi zimatsogolera ku choona chakuti kuwona mu shuga kumayamba kufooka. Nthawi zina wodwala amatha kutaya mawonekedwe owoneka bwino ndipo amatha kukulitsa mphamvu yakuwona kuchokera kumbali. Popita nthawi, glaucoma imabweretsa khungu. Pofuna kupewa izi, odwala omwe ali ndi vutoli ayenera kupendedwa ndi dokotala ndikutsatira malangizo ake.
Kupewa
Tsoka ilo, ndizosatheka kupeweratu kupezeka konse kwa zovuta za ophthalmic ndi shuga. Kumlingo wina uliwonse, matendawa amakhudza masomphenya chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Koma ndizotheka kuchepetsa pang'ono ndikuchepetsa mawonetsedwe a maso. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera:
- kuyang'anira ndi kusungabe kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi;
- kuchepetsa nthawi yogwira ntchito ndi kompyuta, piritsi ndi foni yam'manja;
- werengani mabuku ndi manyuzipepala mowoneka bwino (osagona pabedi);
- imwani mankhwala omwe dokotala wamulembera pa nthawi yake ndipo osakonza nokha;
- kutsatira zakudya zopatsa thanzi.
Zakudyazi zimakhudzana mwachindunji ndi ziwalo zamasomphenya ndikuwoneka bwino kwa munthu. Kutsatira zakudya zomwe zalimbikitsidwa, kusintha kwamwadzidzidzi m'magazi a shuga kumatha kupewedwa. Mlingo wokhazikika wa shuga ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri popewa zovuta za matenda ashuga, kuphatikizapo ziwalo.
