Hyperglycemia ndi liwu lachipatala lotanthauza mkhalidwe wamavuto omwe mumakhala kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kopitilira muyeso wovomerezeka.
Hyperglycemia si matenda, ndi matenda.
International Classization of Diseases (ICD 10) imapereka matenda ambiri ndi zovuta, chifukwa chake zilembo zamitundu itatu zimayambitsidwa. Hyperglycemia code malinga ndi ICD 10 ili ndi R73.
Shuga wamagazi: zabwinobwino komanso zopatuka
Mankhwalawa amawona mtengo wa 3.5 - 5.5 mmol / l kukhala chizindikiro chovomerezeka (chovomerezeka) cha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.
Magulu osiyanasiyana a shuga amawona madigiri angapo a matenda:
- ofatsa - 6.6-8.2 mmol / l;
- kalasi yapakatikati - 8.3-11.0 mmol / l;
- mawonekedwe olemera - kuchokera 11.1 mmol / l ndi pamwamba;
- mkhalidwe musanayambe kuphwanya - kuchokera 16.5 mmol / l ndi kukwera;
- chikomokere - 55,5 mmol / L ndi kukwera.
Kuphatikiza apo, ndi matenda ashuga, pali mitundu yamatenda monga:
- hyperglycemia pamimba yopanda kanthu (pamimba yopanda kanthu). Wodwala akamva njala kwa maola opitilira 8, ndipo ndende ya shuga ikukwera mpaka 7.2 mmol / l;
- hyperglycemia pambuyo chakudya chachikulu (postprandial). Mwanjira imeneyi, glucose amafika pamtengo wa 10 mmol / L komanso kupitilira.
Mitundu
Matendawa amawonekera mosiyanasiyana ndipo amachitika:
- aakulu
- osakhalitsa kapena osakhalitsa;
- zosadziwika. Malinga ndi ICD 10, ili ndi code 9.
Iliyonse ya matenda amtunduwu imadziwika ndi chitukuko chake.
Mwachitsanzo, matenda oopsa a hyperglycemia amadziwika ndi kusokonekera kwa metabolic kosalekeza ndipo amadziwika ndi matenda a shuga.
Kuperewera kwa mankhwala pamenepa kungayambitse chikomokere. Mtundu wocheperako wa pathology ndi wamtundu wanthawi yochepa, chifukwa cha ichi shuga ya glucose imakwera pambuyo chakudya chochuluka chamafuta ambiri.
Hyperglycemia yosadziwika mwapadera imagawika kukhala:
- zosavuta (mpaka 8 mmol / l glucose m'magazi);
- pafupifupi (11 mmol / l, osati zochulukirapo);
- zolemetsa (pamwambapa 16 mmol / l).
Izi matenda amasiyana ndi ena chifukwa chakuti palibe chifukwa chomveka chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa. Chifukwa chake, pamafunika chisamaliro chapadera ndi thandizo ladzidzidzi pamlandu wovuta.
Kuti mupeze matenda a hyperglycemia, zotsatirazi zimayikidwa:
- magazi a biochemistry;
- kusanthula mkodzo wambiri;
- Ultrasound yam'mimba;
- tomography ya ubongo.
Kutengera ndi zotsatira zake, adotolo amawona chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa ndikuwapatsa chithandizo chofunikira.
Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa
ICD 10 hyperglycemia imatha kukhala mbali ziwiri: physiology kapena matenda.
Koma chifukwa chachikulu chimakhalabe ndi matenda a shuga a mitundu 1 ndi 2.
Zoyambitsa zathu zimatulutsa shuga m'magazi:
- kusokonezeka kwa malingaliro (kupsinjika), kotchedwa reactive hyperglycemia;
- kudya kwambiri (chosakhalitsa hyperglycemia);
- matenda opatsirana.
Zoyambitsa matenda (osadwala matenda ashuga):
- hyperthyroidism. Kuphwanya chithokomiro cha chithokomiro pamene mahomoni ochuluka opangidwa ndi iwo alowa m'magazi;
- pheochromocytoma. Ichi ndi chotupa cha chikhalidwe cha mahomoni;
- acromegaly - matenda a endocrine;
- glucagon. Chotupa chowopsa cha chithokomiro cha chithokomiro chikatulutsa timadzi tambiri timene timatulutsa shuga m'magazi.
Ndi mahomoni ati omwe amakhudza kupezeka kwa hyperglycemia?
"Woyambitsa" shuga wamagazi ndi insulin. Ndiye amene "amasamutsa" glucose m'maselo, kuonetsetsa kuti mulibwinobwino m'magazi.
Thupi limakhala ndi mahomoni omwe amawonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga. Izi zimaphatikizapo mahomoni:
- adrenal glands (cortisol);
- chithokomiro England
- gland pituitary (somatropin);
- kapamba (glucagon).
Mu thupi lathanzi, mahomoni onsewa amakhala ngati amachita konsati, ndipo glycemia imakhalabe yoyenera.
Kulephera kumachitika chifukwa chakuchepa kwa kupanga kwa insulin.
Chifukwa cha insulin akusowa:
- kufa ndi maselo, chifukwa glucose sangalowe;
- shuga wambiri amasungidwa m'magazi;
- thupi limayamba kuphwanya kwa glycogen, komwe kumakulitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga.
Zizindikiro zake
Ndi shuga wowonjezereka, munthu amamva Zizindikiro zina, koma osamva bwino. Koma matendawa akatenga matendawa, pali chizindikiro (chofunikira) cha matendawa.
Chifukwa chake, zomwe muyenera kulabadira choyamba:
- ludzu lalikulu;
- kukodza pafupipafupi;
- kulimbikira kwa mutu;
- thukuta ndi kufooka wamba;
- mphwayi (mkhalidwe wosayanjanitsika);
- Kuchepetsa thupi komanso khungu lanu.
Kuzindikira ma labotale komanso kunyumba
Wodwala yemwe ali ndi hyperglycemia ayenera kuyang'anira shuga m'magazi nthawi zonse. Pali mitundu iwiri ya mayeso a labotale:
- kusala kudya magazi (muyenera kufa ndi njala kwa maola 8). Kuwunikako kumatengedwa kuchokera ku chala (chachilendo 3.5-5.5 mmol / l) kapena kuchokera mu mtsempha (wabwinobwino 4.0-6.0 mmol / l);
- mayeso a shuga a pakamwa. Magazi amatengedwa maola awiri atatha kudya, ndipo malire ake ndi 7.8 mmol / l;
- glucose osasinthika. Kusanthula kumawonetsa kufunikira kwake pakali pano ndipo kuyenera kukhala kofanana ndi 70-125 mg / dl.
Masiku ano, mwatsoka, pali anthu ochepa omwe amayang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Ndipo omwe amateteza thanzi lawo ayenera kudziwa zizindikiro za hyperglycemia syndrome.
Thandizo loyamba
Poyamba, timayezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Ambiri magazi shuga ndende limafanana 3.5-5,5 mmol / L. Kumbukirani kuti mu ana (mpaka mwezi umodzi ndi theka wazaka) chiwerengerochi ndi chotsika - 2.8-4.5 mmol / l. Mwa okalamba (okalamba kuposa zaka 60), ndi 4.5-6.4 mmol / L. Ndi chidziwitso cha overestimated, ndikofunikira kuti apatse wodwalayo kumwa madzi ambiri.
Ndikofunika kupatsa wodwalayo madzi amchere ngati Borjomi kapena Essentuki
Ngati wodwalayo amadalira insulin, muyenera kupereka jakisoni ndikuwonetsetsa kutsika kwamisempha. Ngati munthu samadalira insulin, muyenera kukwaniritsa kuchepa kwa acidity m'thupi - kumwa zakumwa zambiri, idyani masamba kapena zipatso. Nthawi zina zimakhala zofunikira kutsuka m'mimba ndi yankho la sopo kuti muchotse acetone kuchokera mthupi.
Dokotala asanafike, malamulo awa ayenera kusungidwa:
- mumasuleni zovala zolimba;
- fufuzani mutu ndi khosi kuti muvulaze ngati munthu wagwa, wagwa chikumbumtima;
- Pakusanza wodwala, ndikofunika kuyiyika kumbali yake kuti munthu asakodwe;
- kuwunika kupuma ndi kufalikira kwa magazi nthawi zonse.
Adotolo akafika, adzayezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikupanga jakisoni wa insulin (ngati pangafunike).
Thandizo lodzidzimutsa limafunikira ngati njira zonse pamwambazi sizinathandize wodwalayo kapena ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu.
Zovuta zotheka
Ngati hyperglycemia imatenga nthawi yayitali, wodwalayo amatha kudwala kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika odwala matenda ashuga.
Mavuto amakula mosazindikira, pang'onopang'ono. Itha kukhala:
- matenda a minofu ya mtima omwe amayambitsa chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima;
- kulephera kwaimpso;
- kupsinjika kwa maso (kufinya kapena kupindika, ng ombe ndi glaucoma);
- kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha mathero, zomwe zimabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa kumverera, kuwotcha kapena kugunda;
- kutukusira kwa chingamu (periodontal matenda ndi periodontitis).
Chithandizo
Chithandizo cha hyperglycemia chimayamba ndi kuphunzira mbiri yachipatala ya wodwalayo. Pankhaniyi, cholowa cha wodwalayo chimawerengedwa ndipo zizindikiro zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi matendawa zimasankhidwa. Kenako, zoyeserera zofunikira zasayansi zimachitika.
Chithandizo cha hyperglycemia chithupsa mpaka atatu:
- mankhwala;
- zakudya okhwima (munthu);
- zolimbitsa thupi pang'ono.
Ndikofunikira kuti musaiwale kuonedwa ndi akatswiri ena (neurologist, endocrinologist, ophthalmologist).
Madokotala awa athandizira kupewa kukula kwa zovuta zomwe zingachitike. Nthawi zambiri, mankhwalawa a ICD hyperglycemia, odwala 10 amapatsidwa insulin.
Zakudya
Lamulo lalikulu lazakudya izi ndi kukana kwathunthu zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta osavuta komanso kukana pang'ono mafuta owonjezera.
Ndikofunika kutsatira malingaliro otsatirawa:
- Simuyenera kudya kwambiri, koma nthawi zambiri. Payenera kukhala zakudya zisanu kapena zisanu ndi chimodzi patsiku;
- Ndikofunika kudya zakudya zama protein;
- kuchepetsa kudya kwa yokazinga ndi zakudya zonunkhira;
- idyani zipatso zambiri (zopanda mafuta) ndi masamba;
- Zipatso zouma kapena zakudya za anthu odwala matenda ashuga ndizabwino kwambiri shuga.
Makanema okhudzana nawo
Kodi hyperglycemia ndi hypoglycemia, komanso chifukwa chiyani zili zowopsa kwa odwala matenda ashuga, zimapezeka muvidiyo:
Hyperglycemia ndimatenda obisika omwe amafunika chisamaliro chapadera. Mwazi wamagazi ukhoza kukwera ndikugwa kwakanthawi kochepa ndikupangitsa zotsatira zosasinthika. Ndikofunikira kudziwa zizindikiro za matendawa mwa inu nokha kapena abale anu, kukayezetsa ndi kulandira chithandizo choyenera moyang'aniridwa ndi achipatala.
