Kukonzekera kwa Glucocorticoid: Zizindikiro ndi ma contraindication ogwiritsira ntchito, bongo ndi zotheka zomwe zingachitike

Zinthu zambiri zogwira ntchito yachilengedwe zimapangidwa m'thupi la munthu. Zimakhudza zinthu zonse zomwe zimachitika m'maselo ndi zinthu zophatikizika.

Kafukufuku wama mankhwala awa, omwe ambiri ali m'gulu la mahomoni, amalola kuti asamangomvetsetsa momwe amagwirira ntchito, komanso kuwagwiritsa ntchito ngati mankhwala.

Kuchepetsa mphamvu ya mahomoni tsopano kwakhala chozizwitsa chenicheni kwa odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda omwe sangathe kuchiritsidwa mwanjira zina. Gulu lodziwika kwambiri la mankhwalawa ndi glucocorticoids, zomwe zikuwonetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zili zofunikira m'magulu azachipatala ambiri.

General katundu

Glucocorticosteroids ndi mankhwala achilengedwe omwe amapangidwa ndi mammalian adrenal gland. Izi zimaphatikizapo cortisol, corticosterone ndi mahomoni ena. Zambiri zimatulutsidwa m'magazi panthawi zovuta, kukayika kwambiri kwa magazi kapena kuvulala.

Pokhala ndi zotsatira za antishock, glucocorticosteroids ali ndi zotsatirazi:

1. kuwonjezera kukanikizika m'mitsempha;
2. onjezerani zamphamvu za makoma am'mbali maselo kwa makatekolamu;
3. kupewa kutayika kwa receptor sensitivity ndi ma catecholamine okwera;
4. khazikitsani maselo a magazi;
5. kulimbitsa mapangidwe a shuga mu chiwindi;
6. amathandizira kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi;
7. ziletsa kugwiritsa ntchito shuga ndi zotumphukira zimakhala;
8. kulimbitsa kapangidwe ka glycogen;
9. ziletsa mapuloteni synthesis njira ndi imathandizira awo kuwola;
10. amalimbitsa kudya mafuta m'maselo a subcutaneous minofu;
11. amathandizira kuti pakhale madzi, sodium ndi chlorine m'thupi, komanso kapangidwe ka calcium ndi potaziyamu;
12. ziletsa thupi lawo siligwirizana;
13. zimakhudzika ndikumverera kwa minyewa yamahomoni osiyanasiyana mahomoni (adrenaline, mahomoni okula, histamine, mahomoni amtundu wamtundu ndi chithokomiro);
14. khalani ndi mayendedwe ochulukitsa chitetezo cha m'thupi (kuletsa kupanga ndi ntchito ya maselo ena oteteza, koma imathandizira mapangidwe a maselo ena chitetezo);
15. onjezerani mphamvu yoteteza minofu ku radiation.

Mndandanda wautaliwu wa zotsatira za glucocotricoid ukhoza kupitilizidwa kwanthawi yayitali. Zikuwoneka kuti ili ndi gawo laling'ono chabe lazinthu zawo.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zabwino kwambiri zomwe zimapangitsa kugwiritsa ntchito glucocorticoids ndi anti-yotupa.

Zinthu izi zimalepheretsa kuwonongeka kwa zimakhala ndi ma organic pothandizidwa ndi ziwawa zotupa mwa kuletsa ntchito za michere inayake.

Mahomoni a Glucocorticosteroid amaletsa mapangidwe otupa pamalo otupa, chifukwa amachepetsa kukula kwa khoma lamitsempha. Zimayambitsanso kupanga zinthu zina ndi anti-yotupa.

Zisonyezo za glucocorticoids

Zowonetsa kugwiritsa ntchito glucocorticoids ndi awa:

1. mankhwalawa adrenal matenda (glucocorticoids amagwiritsidwa ntchito pachimake kukanika, mawonekedwe osakwanira, kobadwa nako cortical hyperplasia), momwe sangathe kwathunthu (kapena) kupanga mahomoni okwanira;
2. Chithandizo cha matenda a autoimmune (rheumatism, sarcoidosis) - kutengera kuthekera kwa mahomoni awa kuchititsa chitetezo cha mthupi, kuponderezana kapena kuwayambitsa. Glucocorticoids amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati nyamakazi;
3. Chithandizo cha matenda a kwamikodzo, kuphatikizapo kutupa. Ma mahormoniwa amatha kuthana bwino ndi kutupa kwachiwawa;
4. glucocorticoids kwa ziwengo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati othandizira omwe amakhudza kupanga kwachilengedwe komwe kumapangitsa kuti pakhale tsankho;
5. mankhwalawa matenda a kupuma dongosolo (glucocorticoids zotchulidwa bronchial mphumu, chibayo, chibayo). Tiyenera kudziwa kuti mankhwala osiyanasiyana ali ndi ma pharmacodynamics osiyanasiyana. Mankhwala ena amachita mwachangu mokwanira, ena amachedwa. Njira yochepetsedwa, yayitali singagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati kuli kofunikira kuthetsa mawonekedwe owoneka bwino (mwachitsanzo, kuwukira kwa asthmatic);
6. glucocorticoids mu mano imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza pulpitis, periodontitis, zina zotupa, komanso mu mawonekedwe a kudzaza zosakaniza komanso monga anti-shock wothandizira anaphylactic kugwedezeka chifukwa cha mankhwala;
7. mankhwalawa dermatological, zotupa njira mu dermis;
8. Chithandizo cha matenda am'mimba thirakiti. Chizindikiro chokhazikitsidwa ndi glucocorticoids ndi matenda a Crohn;
9. Chithandizo cha odwala pambuyo povulala (kuphatikiza kumbuyo) ndi chifukwa cha anti-shock, anti-kutupa zotsatira za mankhwalawo.
10. monga gawo la zovuta mankhwala - ndi matenda edema.

Cortisone

Pamaziko a zinthu zomwe zili m'gulu la glucocorticosteroids, mankhwala okonzekera adapangidwa monga mafuta, mapiritsi, mayankho mu ampoules, zakumwa zochiritsira:

• Cortisone;
• Prednisone;
• Dexamethasone;
• Hydrocortisone;
• Beclomethasone;
• Triamcinolone.

Zotsatira zoyipa

Kuchuluka kwa zabwino zomwe ma glucocorticoids ali nazo kwapangitsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwawo kwa mankhwala.

Mankhwala a mahomoni sanali otetezeka konse, amadziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa mavuto ambiri:

1. kuwonongeka pamawonekedwe a tsitsi ndi khungu, mawonekedwe a otambalala, akuda;
2. kukula kwakakulidwe ka tsitsi m'malo a atypical a thupi mwa akazi;
3. kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya mtima;
4. kuwoneka kwa kusintha kwa mahomoni;
5. kuyambitsa nkhawa, psychosis;
6. kuchepa kwa masomphenya;
7. kuphwanya zamchere mchere.

Kugwiritsa ntchito glucocorticoids kungayambitse kuwoneka kwamatenda ambiri:

1. zilonda zam'mimba;
2. matenda a shuga;
3. kunenepa
4. matenda oopsa
5. chitetezo chokwanira;
6. dysmenorrhea.

Pali nthawi zina zomwe glucocorticosteroids amachititsa kuti matenda ayambe kudwala, omwe amathandizira omwe anali m'thupi kale, koma sanathe kuchulukitsa kwambiri chifukwa cha ntchito ya chitetezo cha m'thupi.

Zotsatira zoyipa sizichitika kokha chifukwa chogwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali a glucocorticosteroids kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Amadziwikanso ndikuthothomoka kwakuthwa kwa mankhwalawa, chifukwa atalandira ma encyclopedia a mahomoni, ma gren adrenal imayimitsa yokha.

Pambuyo kutha kwa mankhwala a mahomoni, mawonetseredwe ndi otheka:

1. kufooka;
2. mawonekedwe a kupweteka kwa minofu;
3. kutaya mtima;
4. malungo;
5. kuchuluka kwa ma pathologies ena omwe alipo.

Choopsa choopsa chomwe chimayambitsidwa ndi kufooka kwadzidzidzi kwa mahomoni otere ndi kuperewera kwenikweni kwa adrenal.

Chizindikiro chake chachikulu ndi kuchepa kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi, zizindikiro zowonjezera - kuvulala kwam'mimba, limodzi ndi ululu, kufooka, khunyu.

Contraindication

Kuchuluka kwa zoyambitsa chifukwa chamakonzedwe a glucocorticosteroids kumayambitsanso ma contraindication ambiri ogwiritsa ntchito:

1. matenda oopsa;
2. kuzungulira kwa magazi;
3. mimba
4. syphilis;
5. chifuwa chachikulu
6. matenda ashuga
7. endocarditis;
8. yade.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala okhala ndi glucocorticoids pochizira matenda sikumaloledwa pokhapokha chitetezo chowonjezera cha thupi pakukula kwa matenda ena opatsirana chimaperekedwa. Mwachitsanzo, kumeza khungu ndi mafuta a glucocorticoid, munthu amachepetsa chitetezo cha m'deralo ndipo amatha kutenga matenda oyamba ndi fungus.

Makanema okhudzana nawo

Zotsatira zoyipa za glucocorticosteroids mu kanema:

Glucocorticoids imayeneradi kuyang'aniridwa ndi kuzindikira kwa madokotala, chifukwa amatha kuthandizira pamavuto osiyanasiyana otere. Koma mankhwala a mahomoni amafunikira chisamaliro chapadera pakukonzekera nthawi yayitali ya chithandizo ndi kumwa. Dotolo ayenera kudziwitsa wodwalayo za zovuta zonse zomwe zingachitike akamagwiritsa ntchito glucocorticoids, komanso zoopsa zomwe zimayembekezera kukana kwakukulu kwa mankhwalawo.