Kukonzekera kwa insulin ya insulin: mitundu ya kumasulidwa, malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito ndi kuwunika kwa wodwala

Ndi matenda a shuga, munthu amafunika tsiku lililonse mankhwala a pancreatic.

Chifukwa chakuti thupi limatulutsa timadzi tating'onoting'ono kapena sizingatheke konse kuchita izi, madokotala amatipatsa mankhwala apadera okhala ndi insulin. Chimodzi mwa izi ndi Humulin.

Munkhaniyi, mutha kuphunzira zambiri za kapangidwe kake, mafotokozedwe, zochitika zamapangidwe azachipatala, zisonyezo zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mitundu yayikulu.

Kupanga

Malinga ndi zomwe malangizo a mankhwalawa amapezeka, pafupifupi mamililita imodzi a mankhwala otchedwa Humulin ali ndi 100 IU ya insombinant insulin. Zosakaniza zikuluzikulu ndi 30% ya insulle insulin ndi 70% insulin isophan.

Zina mwa mankhwalawa ndi izi:

• metacresol;
• phenol;
• sodium hydrogen phosphate heptahydrate;
• hydrochloric acid;
• glycerol;
• zinc oxide;
• protamine sulfate;
• sodium hydroxide;
• madzi oyeretsedwa.

Kufotokozera zamitundu mitundu yotulutsidwa kwa mankhwalawa Humulin

NPH

Humulin NPH ndi insulin yapakatikati ya anthu. Ili ndi mtundu wa kuyimitsidwa komwe kumapangidwira makonzedwe a subcutaneous.

Imasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu woyera, pambali pake imasanjika bwino, ndikupanga mawonekedwe oyera ndi osalala popanda mitundu. Mtengo wokhawo uli bwino komanso bwino kuti utha kugwedezeka.

Kuyimitsidwa Humulin NPH

Insulin yamtunduwu, yomwe ili yofanana ndi anthu, imawonetsedwa kwa odwala matenda ashuga omwe akuwonetsa zina kuti agwiritse ntchito. Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito polemba matenda a shuga. Madokotala amalimbikitsa kuti agwiritse ntchito jakisoni pa nthawi yomwe ali ndi vuto la mayamwidwe amkati.

Ponena za malamulo okonzekera njira yoyendetsera, makatiriji ndi mbale za Humulin NPH musanagwiritse ntchito mwachindunji ziyenera kukunkidwa pakati pa manja kangapo ndikugwedezeka, ndikuthana ndi 190 °.

Apanganso khumi ziyenera kuchitidwanso chimodzimodzi kukonzanso mahomoni ochita kupanga a kapamba kukhala dziko mpaka njira itakhala yopanda tanthauzo.

Iyenera kuwoneka ngati madzi akumwa kapena mkaka. Osachigwedeza mwamphamvu, chifukwa izi zingapangitse mawonekedwe a chithovu, zomwe zingalepheretse kuchuluka koyenera kwa mlingo wofunikira.

Ndikofunika kwambiri kusanthula mosamala cartridge ndi Mbale zamankhwala musanagwiritse ntchito. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito insulin yochita kupanga, yomwe ili ndi zipika zingapo kapena tinthu tating'onoting'ono pakukonza kwake.

Makamaka ngati, mutasakaniza bwino, mumapeza zidutswa zoyera zokhazokha zomwe zimamatira pansi komanso makoma a vial. Nthawi zambiri zimawoneka ngati mawonekedwe achisanu. Chipangizo cha cartridge chokha chimapangitsa kuti chisakhale chosakanikirana ndi zomwe zili mkati ndi mitundu ina ya insulin. Zipangazi sizapangira kuti zizigwiritsanso ntchito.

Zonse zomwe zili mu vial ziyenera kudzazidwa ndi syringe ya insulin, yomwe imagwirizana ndi kuphatikizidwa kwa yankho.

Chotsatira, mankhwalawa amayenera kuperekedwa pang'onopang'ono mogwirizana ndi malangizo omwe aphatikizidwa.

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito makatoni, ndikofunikira kudziwa bwino malamulo omwe amawagwiritsa ntchito. Ndikofunikira kuchita chilichonse molondola: kuyambira pakudzaza katoni kokha ndikumaliza ndikulowetsa singano.

Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito Humulin pafupipafupi nthawi imodzi ndi Humulin NPH. Pachifukwa ichi, insulini yotsalira pang'ono iyenera kukokedwa mu syringe yoyamba kuti insulin isatenge nthawi kulowa.

Nthawi zonse

Humulin Regular ndimakonzedwe a insulin a insulin. Amawerengedwa ngati mankhwala osokoneza bongo a pancreatic hormone.

Chochita chachikulu cha mankhwalawa chimawonedwa ngati malamulo a kagayidwe kachakudya kamene michere imatengapo gawo. Mwa zina, mankhwalawa ali ndi mphamvu ya anabolic.

Humulin Wokhazikika

Mu minofu ndi zida zina zam'mimba (kupatula ubongo), insulin yaumunthu imakwiyitsa maonekedwe a intracellular mayendedwe am'magazi ndi ma amino acid, komanso imathandizira protein anabolism.

Izi zapadera zimathandizira kutembenuka kwa glucose kukhala chiwindi glycogen, komanso tikuletsa gluconeogeneis. Zimathandizanso kusintha kwa glucose owonjezereka kukhala ma deposits a mafuta.

Mankhwalawa amathandizira odwala matenda ashuga ngati pali zisonyezo zochizira insulin.

Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kwa nthawi yoyamba matendawa atapezeka.

Amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito Humulin Nthawi zonse akamanyamula mwana yemwe ali ndi matenda amtunduwu wa endocrine (omwe amadziwika kuti ndi insulin-Independent). Ponena zakukonzekera njira yoyendetsera, malamulo ndi ofanana ndendende ndi Humulin NPH.

Insulin M3

Humulin M3 ndi insulin yaumunthu yomwe ili m'gulu la mahomoni ochita kupanga pancreatic a nthawi yayitali.

Humulin M3

Zizindikiro zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwalawa ndizofanana ndendende ndi mitundu iwiri yoyambirira ya insulin. Mulingo woyenera wa mankhwalawa umapangidwa pokhapokha, kutengera gawo ndi kuopsa kwa matendawa.

Zotsatira za pharmacological

Zonse zomwe zimafananizidwa ndi mahomoni amunthu, omwe amapangidwa ndi kapamba, ali ndi vuto lofanananso ndi mankhwala. Onsewa ndi ma cell a insulin.

Kusiyana pakati pa mankhwalawa kumakhala kosiyanasiyana:

1. Humulin NPH monga insulin mankhwala a sing'anga nthawi;
2. Humulin Wokhazikika ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo a pancreatic hormone;
3. Humulin M3. Mankhwalawa, monga mtundu woyamba, amakhalanso ndi nthawi yokwanira kuchitapo kanthu.

Zizindikiro ndi contraindication

Monga tanena kale, mitundu yonse ya insulini yomwe imaganiziridwa, yomwe ili yofanana ndi anthu, ili ndi zidziwitso wamba komanso zotsutsana kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito.

Kukonzekera kwa insulin kumayikidwa pa matenda ndi zikhalidwe za thupi:

• matenda amtundu wa endocrine wotchedwa shuga omwe ali ndi zisonyezo zina zochizira insulin;
• anapezeka ndi matenda a shuga;
• kubereka mwana pamaso pa matenda amtundu wachiwiriwo.

Ponena za contraindication, mankhwala ali osavomerezeka kuti azikhala okhazikika pazonse zofunikira za thupi ndi matenda monga:

• shuga wamagazi ochepa
• kukhalapo kwa hypersensitivity kwa mahomoni am'mapapo kapena chimodzi mwazinthu za mankhwala.

Ndemanga

Malinga ndi ndemanga ya anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu iyi ya insulin m'malo mwake, ndi othandiza kwambiri. Monga lamulo, kusiyanasiyana kwa zochitika za mankhwalawa kumatengera zinthu zambiri, monga mlingo, kusankha jakisoni ndi malo olimbitsa thupi.

Zotsatira zoyipa

Zotsatira zosafunikira mu mankhwala amitundu yosiyanasiyana zitha kuphatikizidwa ndi kukhalapo kwa hypoglycemia.

Monga momwe mumadziwira, mkhalidwe uwu wa thupi ungapangitse kuti musataye chidwi komanso ngakhale kufa.

Zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri zimatha kukhala ndi zizindikiro zofanana, monga kutupa, kuyabwa, ndi hyperemia pamalo a jekeseni.

Bongo

Kuphatikiza apo, wodwalayo amawona khungu lotuwa, kupweteka mutu kwambiri, kunjenjemera, kusanza, ndi chisokonezo.

M'madera ena apadera, mwachitsanzo, poyang'anira matenda ashuga, Zizindikiro zakutsogolo za hypoglycemia zimatha kusintha. Monga lamulo, mawonekedwe ofatsa ochepetsa shuga amatha kutha pakumata shuga.

Nthawi zambiri, kuwerenganso kuchuluka kwa insulin, zakudya, komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi kungafunike. Malangizo a hypoglycemia wolimbitsa ayenera kuchitika mwa kugwirira ntchito kwa glucagon, ndikutsatira mwa kumeza chakudya.

Mikwingwirima yayikulu kwambiri yochepetsera shuga wamagazi, yomwe imayendetsedwa ndi chikomokere, kukomoka, komanso mavuto amitsempha, amachotsedwa ndi jakisoni wamkati kapena subcutaneous wa glucagon kapena mtsempha wa mtsempha wa mtima wokhala ndi dextrose solution.

Pambuyo pakuchira kwambiri, wodwala wa endocrinologist ayenera kupatsidwa chakudya chomwe chili ndi chakudya chamagulu ambiri.

Kuti mupewe kumwa mopitirira muyeso, muyenera kukumbukira kuti ngati chiwopsezo cha impso ndi chiwindi ndichofunikira, kuchepetsa mankhwalawa. Izi ndichifukwa choti ndi zovuta izi, kufunika kwa insulini kumachepetsedwa pang'ono.

Makanema okhudzana nawo

Ntchito malangizo a Humulin mu kanema:

Malangizo a Khumulin amatanthauza kuti akachepetsa kwambiri shuga, magazi amatha kutha mphamvu. Nthawi yomweyo, pali kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa zochitika zama psychomotor. Izi zitha kukhala zowopsa nthawi zomwe maluso amafunikira mwachangu (poyendetsa galimoto ndikuwongolera njira zosiyanasiyana).

Odwala ayenera kulangizidwa kuti azisamala kuti asachitike nthawi yomwe hypoglycemia imayamba. Akatswiri ena amalimbikitsa kusiya kwakanthawi poyendetsa galimoto.