Kutsimikiza kwa shuga m'magazi am'magazi: zikhalidwe ndi zomwe zimayambitsa kupatuka

Popanga magawo osiyanasiyana a magazi omwe amatengedwa kuchokera kwa wodwala, njira yoyeza zomwe zili m'magazi athunthu kapena plasma yake imagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kuti mumvetsetse chifukwa chake timafunikira zitsanzo zingapo zomwe zimatengedwa kuchokera kwa wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda oyerekeza a shuga, muyenera kudziwa momwe mfundozi zimasiyanirana, komanso chikhalidwe cha shuga cha plasma ndi chiyani.

Seramu, plasma ndi magazi athunthu: matanthauzidwe ndi kusiyana

Kuyankha funso ili, ndikofunikira kuganizira mwachidule kapangidwe ka magazi a munthu.

Choyamba, muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti magazi si madzi okha. Ndi "timadzi tamadziti" timene timakhala ngati minofu ina, yama cell ndi ma cell a ma cell.

Maselo am'magazi ndi erythrocyte, maselo oyera am'magazi ndi mapiritsi othandiza kudziwa magazi, omwe amadziwika ndi aliyense, motsutsana ndi kayendedwe ka kayendedwe ka chitetezo, chitetezo cha mthupi komanso kusiya magazi pakhungu.

Mphamvu ya magazi a anthu imatchedwa plasma. Ndi madzi opitilira 90 peresenti. Zina zonse - zinthu zosungunuka m'madzi - zonse za chilengedwe komanso zopanda chilengedwe, zonse zopatsa thanzi komanso zotaya zama cell.

Madzi a m'magazi omwe maselowo amachotsedwa amawoneka ngati madzi owonekera ngati magazi atengedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu. Ngati mankhwalawa adatha kudya, plasma imakhala yodzala ndi madzi kuchokera pazakudya za zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimakhalamo.

Machubu am'magazi

Kuti mupeze madzi a m'magazi, ndikokwanira kuyimilira mu chubu choyesera. Kenako, mothandizidwa ndi mphamvu yokoka yachilengedwe, maselo amwazi amakhala pansi, ndipo madzi am'magazi - omwe amakhala ndi madzi oundana - adzaikidwa pamwamba.

Seramu yamagazi, kwenikweni, ndiyo plasma yomweyo, koma yokonzekera mwapadera. Chowonadi ndi chakuti magazi amchere am'magazi okwanira amakhala ndi enzyme fibrinogen, yomwe imagwirizana ndi mapulateleti.

Chifukwa cha puloteni iyi, magazi mu chubu choyesera amayamba msanga, ndikupanga pulateleti-fibrin.

Whey yopanda mapuloteni imasungidwa nthawi yayitali; ndikosavuta kuyigwiritsa ntchito pakuwunika zingapo komanso kuyesa labotale. Komabe, pakutsimikiza molondola kwambiri kuchuluka kwa shuga, WHO imalimbikitsa kuti asagwiritse ntchito seramu, koma plasma.

Kodi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a venous ndi capillary magazi ndikosiyana?

Pali kufalikira ndipo m'njira zambiri kuweruza koona pa kuyeserera kwakukulu kwa kuyesedwa kwa magazi kuchokera m'mitsempha, kufupi ndi kuyesa kwa chala.

Chowonadi ndi chakuti posankha zakuthupi, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa kuchokera kumanja, kusanthula kumachitika ndi magazi. Ngati sampuli idatengedwa kuchokera m'mitsempha, ma plasma amalekanitsidwa ndi ma cell am'magazi, ndipo amawunika shuga.

Ndipo kusanthula koteroko kumakhala kolondola nthawi zonse. Nthawi yomweyo, maphunziro ena akuwonetsa - ngati kuli kofunikira kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga mthupi pamimba yopanda kanthu, kusiyana pakati pa njira ziwiri ndizochepa.

Kukonzekera koyenera kwa wodwala kuti atolere zofunikira ndikofunikira. Koma zizindikirozo pambuyo ndi mkati mwa maola awiri mutatha kudya, komanso kuyesedwa kwapadera komwe kumafuna kuti wodwala amwe madzi a shuga pasadakhale, ali olondola kwambiri m'madzi a m'magazi.

Komabe, pochita, nthawi zambiri patali ndi malo oyeserera a labotale, zimapezeka kuti njira yoyamba ikuwonetsa zotsatirapo zake.

Kusiyana kwapakati pa kuyezetsa magazi konse ndi njira yodziwira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kuli mkati mwa 12%.

Correlation tebulo la shuga m'magazi athunthu ndi madzi a m'magazi

Pali magome othandizira omwe amakupatsani mwayi wowerengera zotsatirazo komanso zosavuta. Zachidziwikire, kulondola kwakadali handiredi sikutanthauza kufunsa, koma kudalirika kwambiri kwa zomwe amadziwika ndi glucose sikofunikira kwenikweni kwa odwala.

Ndipo kwa adokotala, nthawi zambiri samakhala chizindikiro chofunikira kwambiri koma chofunikira - kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga pamankhwala omwe wodwala amayenera kulandira.

Zambiri mwazitsanzo zimatha kupezeka pagome ili m'munsiyi:

Inde, pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zimakhudza chiwonetsero, zomwe zambiri ndizosavuta kuzilingalira. Chifukwa chake, nthawi yosungirako zitsanzo kuchokera pakupanga sampuli mpaka kusanthula, kutentha kwa chipinda, kuyeretsa masampweya - zonsezi zimatha kukula ndikuchepetsa zizindikiro ndi kuchuluka kwawo.

Kusala madzi a m'magazi a plasma pofika zaka

M'mbuyomu, odwala achikulire sanagawidwe m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, ndipo miyezo ya shuga idakhazikitsidwa chimodzimodzi kwa m'badwo uliwonse - mpaka 5.5 mmol.

Komabe, pakadali pano, akatswiri ambiri a endocrinologists asintha malingaliro awo ku vutoli.

Zowonadi, ndi ukalamba, ngakhale mwa munthu wathanzi labwino, kupanga mahomoni onse, kuphatikiza insulini, kumachepa. Chifukwa chake, miyezo mibadwo yamazambiri a shuga imapangidwa. Odwala amagawidwa m'magulu awiri aana ndi akulu akuluakulu.

Woyamba ndi ana obadwa kumene, kuyambira pomwe iwo amabadwa mpaka chaka chimodzi. Munthawi imeneyi, imawoneka yabwinobwino ngati chizindikirocho chimasungidwa mulifupi wa 2.8-4.4 mmol. Ili ndiye mtengo wocheperako pakati pamagulu onse odwala.
Gulu lachiwiri - ana kuyambira mwezi umodzi mpaka zaka 14.

Pakadali pano pakupanga thupi la munthu, miyezo ya glucose mwa ana ili mu 3.3-5.6 mmol.

Ndi mu m'badwo womwe kuti kubalalitsa kwakukulu kwambiri kwazidziwitso zabwinobwino kumatheka. Pomaliza, kuyambira zaka 14 mpaka 60, zachilengedwezo ndizopezeka shuga kuyambira 4 mpaka 5.9 mmol. Zizindikiro za shuga nthawi imeneyi zimadalira kwambiri jenda, komanso mkhalidwe wa thupi.

Odwala okalamba kagulu kakang'ono amagawika magawo awiri malinga ndi momwe shuga alili. Kuyambira zaka 60 mpaka pachimake pazaka makumi asanu ndi anayi, kuchuluka kwa shuga pakati pa 4.6 ndi 6.4 mmol sikumadziwika ngati matenda.

Ndipo anthu achikulire kuposa zaka zino amatha kumva bwino komanso osamva kuwonongeka kwa glucose owonjezera pamtunda wa 6.7 mmol.

Zifukwa zopatuka kusanthula zimabwera kuchokera pazomwe zimachitika

Kupatuka kuzidziwitso zovomerezeka sizikhala chizindikiro cha matenda aliwonse, koma zimafunikira chidwi cha akatswiri.

Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa glucose okwera kungawonetse osati kukhalapo kwa matenda a shuga kapena prediabetes, komanso matenda ena.

Makamaka, zovuta zingapo za endocrine system: acromegaly, Cushing's syndrome, mitundu ina ya thyrotooticosis, glucomanoma, komanso pheochromocytoma - zimapangitsa kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Chizindikiro chomwecho chimadziwika ndi mtundu uliwonse wa kapamba, hemochromatosis, matenda angapo a chiwindi ndi impso nthawi yayitali. Kugwedezeka kwa mtima, komwe kumadziwika ndi kuchepa kwakuthwa komanso kwakukulu mu myocardial contractility, kumayendetsedwa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa shuga.

Kuwonjezeka kwa shuga kumatha kuchitika popanda njira zilizonse zofunikira m'thupi. Chifukwa chake, kupsinjika, kutopa kwamanjenje, komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zina kumatha kuwonjezera magazi.

Mitengo yochepetsedwa itha kukhala chifukwa chachitukuko cha matenda. Chifukwa chake, owopsa kwambiri ndi awa:

• oncology;
• pancreatic hyperplasia;
• kulephera kwambiri kwa chiwindi.

Kuchepetsa mayamwidwe a shuga m'magawo am'mimba ndi glycogenosis kumathandizanso kuchepetsa shuga. Kumwa kwambiri pafupipafupi, kugwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso, masewera olimbitsa thupi kumabweretsa zotsatira zomwezi.

Hypoglycemia imatha kukhala yoopsa kwambiri chifukwa chmwa kumwa mankhwala olakwika omwe amachepetsa shuga, komanso insulin. Nthawi zina, izi zimatha kuyambitsa zovuta kwa wodwalayo, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kutsatira mosamalitsa mfundo zamankhwala zotchulidwa ndi katswiri.

Makanema okhudzana nawo

About miyezo ya seramu glucose mu kanema:

Mwambiri, kupeza zisonyezo za shuga m'magazi ndiko kusanthula kolondola kwambiri kwelebhu komwe kulipo. Komabe, powunikira pakali pano, kugwiritsa ntchito mayeso a magazi a capillary kuli koyenera chifukwa chophweka komanso zovuta zowopsa.